Rethinking the marginalizing discourses around teenage pregnancy

ABSTRACT

This article examines the literature on schooling for teenage mothers in order to expose the normalizing discourses that position young mothers as at risk for failure. Through an exploration of the historical and socio-cultural positioning of teenage mothers over the past few decades, the author illustrates the schooled responses to adolescent mothers and the responses of adolescent mothers to school structures and marginalizations. The article concludes with suggestions for further research that would address the achievements and the strengths of young mothers and may provide space for thinking about other groups of students who have traditionally been labeled at risk.     

A participatory action research approach to developing youth-friendly strategies for the prevention of teenage pregnancy

Teenage pregnancy among school-going youth is a concern worldwide, but in socially–economically challenged environments it is a result of, and contributory factor to, a complex web of social injustice. In South Africa, most of the school-based prevention interventions to date have been adult-designed and imparted, with the voice of the target audience – the youth – being ignored. The purpose of this participatory action research study was to involve school-going youth in the research and development of prevention interventions, tailored to meet their perceived needs. This article focuses on the first cycle where 24 high school participants interrogated their own and their peers’ narratives about teenage pregnancy so as to determine a way forward. Findings indicate that, although the youth perceive parenthood while they are still studying to have a negative impact on their future life goals, the prevention messages mediated by educators and other adults do not take into consideration the needs and lifestyle of teenagers within their specific social context. The implications of the three themes which emerged from the thematic analysis of the interviews, open-ended questionnaires and visual data are discussed to provide guidelines for the design of more youth-friendly prevention education to inform the next cycle of the research. Since teenage pregnancy is a global problem, the findings of this study have international relevance.     

Parental attitudes about teenage pregnancy: impact on sexual risk behaviour of African-American youth

African-American youth suffer disproportionately from sexual risk consequences including unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Parents educating young people about sex may be one approach to reduce sexual risk behaviour among this population. The purpose of this study was to determine young people's perceptions of parents' attitudes about sex and assess whether these perceptions affect sexual risk. Data were collected from 560 African-Americans, aged 9–19 years. Most (73.4%) thought their parents would be unhappy if they got someone pregnant/got pregnant, with more girls feeling this way than boys (p = 0.013). Sexually active boys who thought their parents would be unhappy if they got someone pregnant reported fewer sexual partners within the past year (p < 0.01) and fewer sexual encounters in the past 3 months (p = 0.01) compared to those whose parents would think otherwise. Our research illustrates that parents' explicit and unstated attitudes are apparent to their offspring, and young people's perceptions can impact their risk behaviour. As such, early and often sex education communication between parents and young people should be encouraged. Sexual health interventions encouraging parents to educate about sex and its consequences could enhance the health of young African-Americans.     

论校本知识创造与校本能力建构

普遍化的教育知识只有通过＂校本化＂这一过程才能被学校真正吸收、内化。校本知识创造过程中所特有的文化氛围、制度传统、主体间性等文化的、制度的、交往的知识都弥漫着浓厚的＂非普遍化＂色彩。基于学校共同体,校本知识创造可以有多种途径。校本知识的不断创造,特别是校本默会知识的创造,是校本能力提升的表现,也是校本能力形成的前提。     

简述校本培训的途径和方法

我国从上世纪末开始在教师在职教育领域内,掀起了开展教师校本培训实践和研究的热潮。与传统的在职培训方式相比,校本培训更加关注教师教学实践所在的学校以及课堂,更加关注教师教学实践能力的发展,为了提高在职教师培训的实际效果,提升教师专业发展水平。本文着重从校本培训的途径、方法等方面进行论述。     

广播电视大学校本培训的实施策略

本文论述了校本培训的内涵、特点及校本培训在广播电视大学中的重要性，重点探讨了广播电视大学校本培训的实施策略。     

化学活动课程在学校的实践探索

论述化学活动实践课在学校的实施、评价及收获和体会,并介绍一个化学活动课个案“Fe(OH)2制装置改进”。     

提高教师课堂教学设计能力的校本培训方法

探讨了教师课堂教学设计能力的校本培训模式,分别论述了校本培训的初步认识阶段、实践探究阶段和总结反思阶段的任务与步骤,从而提高教师课堂教学设计能力,以促进教师专业发展和新课程的顺利实施。     

职业学校教师的校本培养策略

师资队伍建设是学校建设的核心,有一支优秀的师资队伍,学校的许多问题便可迎刃而解。然而,职业学校在教师的补充与培养方面,尚存在许多现实问题,一直很难突破。本研究从校本培养的角度出发,通过教师之间的合作教学、合作教研、合作学习、合作攻关等形式,提高教师的教育教学能力、教研水平,促进教师成长。     

新课程改革需要校本管理的支撑

新课程改革需要从"课堂教育层面"跳到"学校组织层面",需要校本管理的支撑.校本管理是校本研究、校本教研、校本课程的前提和保障,它贯穿、渗透在校本研究、校本课程、校本教研和教师专业化发展之间,起着组织、协调的作用.     

School-based mutual support groups for low-income parents

School-based mutual support groups (MSGs) are proposed to enhance the school involvement of parents from lower socioeconomic and ethnic minority backgrounds. We present a school-based MSG format, findings from a survey regarding parent interest, and discussion of a pilot demonstration implemented in three urban elementary schools.     

校本作业体系的构建

从学生分级、作业分级、教学分级、评价分级及学校的保障措施等五个方面阐述了校本作业体系的创建,有利于学生各学科的均衡发展,提升学校整体教学质量。     

立足“本土化”的校本研修的实践与探索

校本研修是新课改实践中的一个热点问题。然而现在不少学校的校本研修已经走进了"高原期,"看上去轰轰烈烈,但教师却很少有主动的、自觉的研究行为。如何冲出这个怪圈,邱隘实验小学根据学校自身的特点与教师现状,创设了"问题——设计——行动——反思"研修总模式,立足"教师反思、同伴互动、专家引领"三个层面运作,用活"课题研究、课例研究、网络沙龙、阵地建设、校际交流"五种载体,注重研究过程中基本操作模式的提炼,以制度、教师可以看见的自我发展促使研修深入。     

认识校本管理

“校本管理”(School-Based Management)是20世纪80年代在西方国家广为推行的学校内部管理体制改革。在国外,有专家预言它的出现可能会引发学校管理的革命;在我国,随着学校教育改革的逐步推进,校本管理将成为我国基础教育改革和发展的重要走向之一。     

论校本研究

结合教师发展,论述了校本研究的定义、特征、基本理念、要素、目标等相关问题,并提出了校本研究者所应具备的素质和意识.     

新课程下教师校本培训的目标定位取向

新课程的开放性、创造性、延展性要求教师成为一个不倦的学习者。树立可持续发展观念,实现教师自身的可持续发展,已成为当今世界范围内教育改革的趋势,改革越深入,对教师的要求也就越高。校本培训是促进教师专业发展的一种重要形式,立足校本培训,有利于教师综合素质等各方面的提高。因此,在新课程改革下,必然要重新审视教师校本培训的目标定位取向。     

基于工作坊的教师校本培训模式构建

通过对三类在职教师校本专业发展中问题的分析,构建了新任教师专业实践知识工作坊、不胜任教师教学问题诊所式工作坊、骨干教师流动工作坊,从而促进了教师团队合作性、自主参与性、自然真实性及灵活多样性的提升。