Co-Producing Children's Sociality in Parent–Teacher Conferences

The aim of this article is to describe how parents and preschool teachers talk about children's interactional skills in parent–teacher conferences in the Swedish preschool and how this can be related to socialization processes. The analyses show that children's communicative skills, such as turn-taking in conversation and co-operation, are considered as important for both parents and teachers and talked about in terms of trouble or success. Children's skills are often assessed by using chronological age as a parameter. Our analysis suggests that the talk about children's interactional skills may be interpreted in terms of deficiency discourses founded primarily on theories in developmental psychology, and that parents, and particularly the teachers, present themselves as socializing agents with regard to children.     

学前儿童、家长与学前教师角色的历史与现状

从心理学的角度看来,我国学前教育面临的许多困难源自于对学前儿童、家长与学前教师的角色认识不清。本文通过梳理我国学前儿童、家长与学前教师社会角色的历史和现状,为理解目前学前教育遇到的困难提供帮助。研究发现在中国传统社会中,父母,且主要是母亲承担教育和养护的责任,儿童服从父母的管教并尽孝（主要是对母亲）;现代中国教育和养护的责任由父母、祖父母、学前教师共同承担,各主体的角色相较传统社会更具矛盾性。     

幼儿园教师是什么——学前教育专业学生对幼儿园教师隐喻的理解

对112名学前教育专业学生的调查显示:他们对幼时幼儿园教师形象的理解普遍是教书匠+保姆,普遍认为当下理想的幼儿园教师形象是妈妈+孩子王+多面手。来自农村的学前教育专业学生对幼时幼儿园教师教学的印象是小学化现象严重。现在的学前教育专业学生普遍认为,富有爱心,能和孩子打成一片,具有多方面的技能是理想的幼儿园教师最重要的素养。     

全纳教育视野下的幼儿教师培养

实施学前全纳教育是实现学前特殊儿童受教育权利的有力保障。学前全纳教育对幼儿教师提出了新的挑战,为了应对这个挑战,需要培养全纳型幼儿教师。结合我国幼儿教师教育现状,对全纳型幼儿教师的培养提出以下建议:改革职前教育体制,培养合格的全纳型幼儿教师;加强在职培训,促进全纳型幼儿教师的专业发展。     

日本幼儿教师教育制度及其对中国的启示

为改革和提高幼儿教育的质量,一支高素质的幼儿教师队伍是不可或缺的。而高素质的幼儿教师队伍建设,涉及到幼儿教师的培养、录用与选拔、在职培训等诸多方面。战后,日本建立健全了一整套幼儿教师教育的体系,有效地保障和提高了幼儿教师的素质能力,促进和推动了幼儿教育的发展。     

江西省幼儿教师培养存在的问题及对策

基于江西省幼儿教师队伍建设和培养现状,在今后的幼儿教师培养工作中,应科学规划幼儿师范院校布局、规范相关院校学前教育专业办学行为;制定导向性政策体系、重点支持相关院校办好学前教育专业;创新幼儿师资培训工作、建立职前培养与职后培训一体化的新模式;依法加强幼儿教师队伍管理、不断提高幼儿教师地位和待遇。     

Young Children's Exposure to Mathematics: The Child Care Context

Four preschool teachers from two preschool settings were observed to explore the contribution of child care experiences on the development of young children's understanding of mathematics. Teachers were also interviewed regarding their attitudes and beliefs about the importance of early education, children's understanding of mathematics prior to formal schooling, and their role in facilitating mathematical knowledge. Although the programs and teachers differed in terms of program orientation, teaching style, student participation, and interactions with students, the programs did not differ in terms of the amount or content of mathematics presented to children. During the classroom observations that were conducted, very little mathematics was presented in any of the classrooms either directly or indirectly to students. In contrast, teachers said that they believed that mathematics was important and that they engaged in mathematical discussions in their classroom interactions. Discussion of the lack of math presented in the classroom and the discrepancy of teachers' beliefs and teaching behaviors are discussed.     

亲子关系对独生子女成长的影响

独生子女家庭的亲子关系具有如下特点：亲子互动频繁，亲子关系伙伴化；父母对子女的高期望值；偏重子代。而这样的亲子关系对独生子女的学业成绩，性格特征，社会交往能力等多方面都产生了不可忽视的影响。     

学前教育师资供给侧结构性改革的内涵与策略

供给侧结构性改革为我国学前教育师资培养改革提供了方法论指导。学前教育师资培养应贴近社会需要并服务于国家经济社会发展的整体布局,为此应以供求关系为基础分析当前学前教育师资培养存在的主要问题,运用系统方法确定学前教育师资有效供给中的结构性问题,通过强化组织创新和制度供给优化学前教育师资供给的体制与机制。政府部门可以以省为单位进行学前教育师资有效需求测算和学前教育师资培养调研,对现有学前教育师资供给结构进行多层次分析,进一步厘清影响学前教育师资有效供给的有关因素,有效解决师资培养的规划、动力和保障机制问题,实现供需双方从低水平平衡走向高水平平衡。     

充分利用水粉画的多元表现与创作形式改革学前师范美术教育

水粉彩墨画和水粉版画是水粉画的两种常见表现形式,其在学前师范美术教育中发挥着重要的作用,了解其基本特征,把握其基本画法是学前师范美术教育对学生的基本要求.学前师范美术教育应充分利用水粉画的多种形式,整合多样化的美术课程,促进学生美术修养的提高.     

对学前体育教育专业人才培养方案的探讨

幼儿作为国家未来的栋梁,其受到的教育关系国家富强、民族昌盛,为此幼儿教师必须具备良好的职业能力.学前教育改革对学前教育教师的职业能力也提出了更高的要求.在学前教育专业人才培养中,高校要以培养具有人格魅力和专业素养的优秀幼儿教师为目标,从根本上解决当前学前教育事业面临的师资难题.     

关于幼师院校“学前教育学”课程教学改革的思考

针对幼教专业“学前教育学”存在的课程教学目标错位,教材缺乏科学性和时代性,教育见习、实习目标简单化、形式化,学生的学科态度消极等问题,建议：确定学科目标,以学科统帅整个教学过程;调整结构和内容,推出高质量教材;延长实习时间,发挥见习、实习的教育功能;增强需要动机,转变学生的学科态度。     

试论电脑美术在学前教师教育专业美术教学中的定位

随着现代文明的发展,电脑美术迅速普及到了社会的各个层面,渗透到美术教育领域。在学前教师教育专业,电脑美术教学应与专业特性结合,使它成为培养学生创造性思维与创业素质的载体,培养出更适合新时代需要的幼教人才。     

The contributions of relationships with parents and teachers to Turkish children’s antisocial behaviour

The present study examined the concurrent contributions of parent–child and teacher–child relationship quality to Turkish children’s antisocial behaviour, with a specific focus on the moderating role of teacher–child relationships (closeness and conflict) on parent–child relationships when predicting antisocial behaviour. Participants were 94 children (56 boys) with mean age of 7.05 years (SD = .88) enrolled in 24 classrooms from five elementary schools in a suburban school district in Turkey. Mothers reported on their relationship with children and teachers reported on their relationships with children as well as children’s antisocial behaviour. SAS PROC MIXED was used to test hierarchical regression models of children nested within classrooms. Results showed that teacher–child conflict moderated the association between parent–child conflict and children’s antisocial behaviour. Such that, higher parent–child conflict was related to higher levels of antisocial behaviour at the context of higher levels of teacher–child conflict. In addition, teacher–child closeness also moderated the association between parent–child conflict and children’s antisocial behaviour. Such that when teacher–child closeness was at average or high levels, lower levels of parent–child conflict was related to lower levels of antisocial behaviour. Teacher–child conflict was positively associated with children’s antisocial behaviour. Limitations and future directions of the current study are discussed.     

The Effects of Teacher Professional Development on Children’s Attendance in Preschool

Abstract

Student absenteeism is a widespread and critical issue in early childhood education. Current efforts to reduce student absenteeism in both preschool and K–12 settings have largely been family- and parent-focused interventions. Yet, interventions targeting teachers and schools may similarly be effective tools to improve student attendance. We utilize data from a large-scale, experimental evaluation of an early childhood professional development intervention to examine whether it impacted children’s absenteeism and chronic absenteeism. Although the professional development targeted the quality of teacher-child interactions and did not target children’s absenteeism, we find that the professional development reduced student absence rates by 1.0 percentage points (equivalent to approximately an additional 1.9?days of preschool). The professional development also reduced chronic absenteeism by 6.0 percentage points. Impacts were concentrated among lower-income children. Implications for policies targeting student absenteeism in preschool settings are discussed.     

幼儿教师心理素质基本结构的研究

对（全国六大地区）1774名幼儿教师进行问卷调查研究，获得了由11个成分构成的幼儿教师心理素质基本结构模型：激励性、灵敏性、进取心、坚韧性、自我调控、教学效能感、创造性、心胸豁达、自尊、客观公正性以及乐观倾向。经实证检验，《幼儿教师心理素质量表》具有良好的信度、效度，可以作为幼儿教师心理素质的测量工具。     

家园联动模式下居家亲子体育活动的实施研究

后疫情时代及日常节假日期间幼儿居家生活如何科学规划,成为幼教工作者研究的重要课题。文章从居家亲子体育活动对幼儿成长的作用出发,分析居家亲子体育活动的意义和幼儿节假日居家生活现状,对家园联动模式下居家亲子体育活动的实施进行研究,以提高居家亲子体育活动质量,增强幼儿体质,促进幼儿健康成长。     

谈幼儿英语教师的培养

幼儿英语教育低龄化促使越来越多的幼儿园开展了英语教育,幼儿英语教育是幼教领域的一个新兴课题。本文通过对幼儿英语教育现状的分析,探讨了幼儿英语教师的培养的重要性和现实意义,以及如何培养具有较高综合素质的幼儿英语教师。     

幼儿园初任教师成功因素的质性研究

教师能否成功度过初任期是决定其职业生涯成败和专业发展方向的关键。本研究采用质性研究的个案研究法,通过长时间观察、深度访谈、收集相关文件档案等资料搜集手段,全面深入地探讨个案中的幼儿园初任教师面临的困扰和挑战及其是如何成功应对的,结果发现个案教师的成功与其自身的正向个性、直面挑战、投入专业成长以及幼儿园内外支持四项因素有关,且这四项因素相互影响,正向个性促使教师在遇到困难时敢于直接面对挑战;直面挑战促使教师积极学习,投入专业成长;投入专业成长又增加了教师面对挑战的能力和决心;幼儿园内外支持给予教师面对挑战的勇气,并为其专业成长提供良好条件。为成功度过初任期,教师应提前了解工作场合,快速融入园所组织文化,自我调适,积极投入专业成长,主动承担一些额外的工作,必要时做出一些退让;幼儿园应完善初任教师导入制度,帮助其尽快适应幼儿园的课程与教学及人际关系等;教师培养单位不仅应重视教育知识和能力,而且应让学生了解入职后会面临的问题与解决策略,帮助其做好心理准备。