新型SERS光纤探针的制备

以单模石英光纤为材料，首先用管腐蚀的方法制备出光纤探针，然后在管表面镀一层银膜，构成具有表面增强特性的管状光纤探针。将光纤探针应用到拉曼光谱仪上，实际测量了几个具有代表性样品的拉曼光谱，实验表明效果较好。     

添加表面活性剂对糠醛精制油收率的影响

在润滑油馏分糠醛精制过程中,分别添加微量十二烷基磺酸钠、聚醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚等表面活性剂,改善液——液界面性质,使精制油收率比未加表面活性剂时提高1.8—2.7％。     

Theoretical study of NO adsorbed on the surface of TiO_2(110) cluster model

INTRODUCTION The adsorption of gas molecules on metals,metal oxides or alloys had been researched widelyto find a solution for the problem of air pollution(Davies and Craig Jr., 2003; Yanagisawa, 1996;Tominaga et al., 1999). NO could be adsorbed onthe particle surface and desorbed as N2 from thesurface by temperature programmed desorption(TPD) (Davies and Craig Jr., 2003; Yanagisawa,1996). The calculation of cluster model was estab-lished with molecular orbital (MO) theory (Ry…     

Theoretical study of NO adsorbed on the surface of TiO2(110) cluster model

The chemisorption properties of N18O adsorption on TiO2(110) surface were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. The results of temperature programmed desorption (TPD) indicated that the temperatures of the three desorption peaks of the main N2 molecules were at (low) temperature of 230 K, 450 K, and (high) temperature of 980 K. This meant that N18O decomposed and recombined during the process of N2 desorption after N18O was exposed. Analysis of the stable combination and orbital theory calculation of the surface reaction of NO adsorption on the TiO2(110) cluster model showed that there was clear preference for the Ti-NO orientation.     

Theoretical study of NO adsorbed on the surface of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> (110) cluster model

The chemisorption properties of N¹⁸O adsorption on TiO₂(110) surface were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. The results of temperature programmed desorption (TPD) indicated that the temperatures of the three desorption peaks of the main N₂ molecules were at (low) temperature of 230 K, 450 K and (high) temperature of 980 K. This meant that N¹⁸O decomposed and recombined during the process of N₂ desorption after N¹⁸O was exposed. Analysis of the stable combination and orbital theory calculation of the surface reaction of NO adsorption on the TiO₂(110) cluster model showed that there was clear preference for the Ti-NO orientation.     

Au与ZnO极性表面相互作用的第一原理计算

采用第一原理研究了Au在ZnO两个极性表面（0001）-Zn和（0001）-O的吸附,分析了单层Au吸附在ZnO极性表面上的态密度和吸附构型.计算结果表明：ZnO极性表面上单层Au吸附层能提高Zn原子在（0001）-Zn和（0001）-O面上的吸附能分别0.41 eV/原子和0.42 eV/原子;同时Au吸附层又比Zn吸附层更加活跃,总能计算可以看出Au处于顶端的构型比Au扩散构型更加稳定,使得Au恒处于顶端,很好的解释了Au在ZnO纳米结构生长过程中充当表面活性剂的角色.理论计算与实验中发现Au颗粒总是在生长出的纳米结构的末端这一现象吻合很好.     

不同饰面处理后中密度纤维板的甲醛释放规律研究

约占室内装饰材料70％的人造板和木材复合材料是室内甲醛的主要来源。我国使用的板材以中密度纤维板为主。影响中密度纤维板甲醛释放的原因较多。主要创新及意义：本文选用模拟气候箱法对不同厚度及经过不同饰面处理的中密度纤维板进行试验,得出其甲醛释放的规律。     

润滑油糠醛精制系统的工艺优化

分析了国内糠醛精制装置几种主要抽提系统工艺流程的优缺点，并提出优化流程方案。     

4-(2-吡啶偶氮)-间苯二酚共振散射光谱研究

共振散射技术是一项在普通荧光光度计上进行测量的光散射分析技术。详细研究了PAR共振散射光谱 ,初步探索了其形成原因和散射强度的影响因素。     

NAK80材料曲面高速铣削表面质量实验研究

通过实验，研究了模具制造业中常用的NAK80材料的表面粗糙度形成及曲面高速加工工艺参数的选择策略，分析了NAK80材料在高速铣削加工中以铣代磨的切削机理。结果表明，NAK80材料适合高速加工，在未来将成为高级橡塑模具的主要应用材料。     

电化学制备高铁酸钾用于强化电动修复苯酚污染

研究电化学方法制备高铁酸钾,通过单因素实验确定最佳工艺条件为:电解液KOH浓度16 mol/L,电解时间为6 h,反应温度为65 ℃,阳极表观电流密度为50 A/m²,制得高铁酸钾的浓度可达5.72 mmol/L。对高铁酸钾强化电动修复技术去除土壤中的苯酚进行初探,结果表明该技术可以大幅度提高苯酚污染的修复效能,在反应120 h后,苯酚的去除率可达到90%以上,而且产生的Fe(OH)₃固体无毒无害,不会对环境造成二次污染。     

Theoretical and experimental study on Compton scattering of a binary powder mixture

The relationship between Compton scattered photon counts per unit mass and the content of a component in a binary powder mixture is deduced based on the Compton scattering theory. This relationship can be regarded linear after some approximations. The scattered photon counts per unit mass increases faster with the content when the difference of the atomic numbers of the two components in the binary powder mixture is larger. The relationship was verified with Compton scattering experiments on a series of Ni-Cu and Fe-C binary powder mixtures. The method of using this linear dependene of scattered photon counts on the content of a binary powder mixture to ascertain the component content in a binary mixture was introduced.     

TiO2纳米片负载Pt催化糠醛加氢性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)为钛先驱物,利用溶剂热法合成片状TiO2,通过微波辅助乙二醇还原将Pt粒子负载于片状TiO2上,得到Pt/TiO2催化剂.通过XRD和TEM手段对催化剂进行表征,以糠醛加氢制备糠醇为模型反应考察了Pt/TiO2催化糠醛加氢性能.实验表明,片状Pt/TiO2催化剂具有较好的催化糠醛加氢制备糠醇性能...     

高分辨雷达目标散射中心定位的研究

极化特征用于目标识别的一项主要研究是将极化信息与高分辨率雷达技术相结合.文章就高分辨率雷达目标识别中散射中心的条件、搜寻、定位问题进行了研究.     

利用STM进行石墨表面纳米结构的研究

论述了在大气状态下扫描隧道显微镜STM在石墨表面上的电场加工实验,并对作用机理进行了分析,认为表面结构的生成是场蒸发效应和化学反应(局部气化反应)的综合作用.     

利用STM进行石墨表面纳米结构的研究

论述了在大气状态下扫描隧道显微镜STM在石墨表面上的电场加工实验,并对作用机理进行了分析,认为表面结构的生成是场蒸发效应和化学反应(局部气化反应)的综合作用。     

Conceptually enhanced simulations: A computer tool for science teaching

In this paper, we consider a way computer simulations can be used to address the problem of teaching for conceptual change and understanding. After identifying three levels of understanding of a natural phenomenon (concrete, conceptual, and metaconceptual) that need to be addressed in school science, and classifying computer model systems and simulations more generally in terms of the design choices facing the programmer, we argue that there are ways to design computer simulations that can make them more powerful than laboratory models. In particular, computer simulations that provide an explicit representation for a set of interrelated concepts allow students to perceive what cannot be directly observed in laboratory experiments: representations for the concepts and ideas used for interpreting the experiment. Further, by embedding the relevant physical laws directly into the program code, these simulations allow for genuine discoveries. We describe how we applied these ideas in developing a computer simulation for a particular set of purposes: to help students grasp the distinction between mass and density and to understand the phenomenon of flotation in terms of these concepts. Finally, we reflect on the kinds of activities such conceptually enhanced simulations allow that may be important in bringing about the desired conceptual change.     

Effects on cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties of the incorporations of silver nanoparticles into the surface coating of dental alloys

The aim of this study was to research the changes in cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties after silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were incorporated into the surface coating of dental alloys. AgNPs were attached to cobalt chromium alloys and pure titanium using a hydrothermal method, according to the reaction: AgNO₃+NaBH₄→ Ag+1/2H₂+1/2B₂H₆+NaNO₃. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the alloys when in contact with osteogenic precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) from mice and mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) from rats. The antibacterial properties of dental alloys incorporating three different concentrations (10, 4, and 2 μmol/L) of AgNPs were tested on Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Streptococcus mutans (MS). High cytotoxicity values were observed for all dental alloys that contained 0% of AgNPs (the control groups). The incorporation of AgNPs reduced cytotoxicity values. No significant difference was observed for antibacterial performance when comparing dental alloys containing AgNPs to the respective control groups. The results demonstrated that the cobalt chromium alloys and pure titanium all had cytotoxicity to MC3T3-E1 and BMSC and that the incorporation of AgNPs could reduce this cytotoxicity. The concentrations of AgNPs adopted in this study were found to have no antibacterial action against SA or MS.     

权利质权标的之研究

本文主要研究了权利质权标的的三个问题：一、权利质权标的的要件：财产性、可让与性以及适于设质;二、权利质权标的之种类：一般债权、证券债权、股权、知识产权;三、对期待权能否成为权利质权标的进行了探讨。     

一种提高量子点定向发光的银纳米棒二聚体结构

为了增强量子点在远场的定向发光功率,提出一种在载玻片/银薄膜/SiO_2上竖直摆放的银纳米棒二聚体结构:银纳米棒二聚体的直径为70nm,银薄膜的厚度为100nm,量子点位于SiO_2的表面并在两纳米棒中间。使用时域有限差分(FDTD)法计算电场分布及电场强度。结果表明:通过调节SiO_2的厚度、纳米棒的长度及纳米棒的表面间距,得出SiO_2隔层的厚度为20nm、银纳米棒二聚体的长度为400nm且纳米棒的表面间距为4nm时,对提高发射波长为595~625nm的量子点定向发光的效果最强,是载玻片/银薄膜/SiO_2基底对量子点发光强度的1022倍,从而可以提高生物检测的灵敏度。