学生课程参与:一个亟待关注的问题

学生课程参与是指学生通过介入课程决策、参与课程开发与实施、重构课程等活动从而表达课程权力的一种意识和行为.随着课程理论研究范式的转向、学生课程权力意识的觉醒及基础教育课程改革的推进,学生课程参与问题渐受关注.学生课程参与有助于提高学生在课程中的地位和作用;有利于课程的创生;有利于课程变革走向成功.     

学生的课程决策权力：依据、构成及保障

学生的课程决策权力作为一种重要的学生权力,正在受到多方面的关注,主要包括参与国家和地方课程决策的权力、参与校本课程决策的权力、参与学校课程整合中的课程决策的权力。课程决策的性质、学生参与课程决策的独特作用、国外学生参与课程决策的经验表明,学生应该享有一定的课程决策权力。要从课程政策、课程观念、课程资源三个方面对学生的课程决策权力予以保障。     

学生的课程决策权力:依据、构成及保障

学生的课程决策权力作为一种重要的学生权力,正在受到多方面的关注,主要包括参与国家和地方课程决策的权力、参与校本课程决策的权力、参与学校课程整合中的课程决策的权力。课程决策的性质、学生参与课程决策的独特作用、国外学生参与课程决策的经验表明,学生应该享有一定的课程决策权力。要从课程政策、课程观念、课程资源三个方面对学生的课程决策权力予以保障。     

大学决策制度的权力逻辑

大学决策制度环境的变革是大学获得办学自主权与自主决策机制建设相结合的进程。尽管大学在发展过程中自主决策机会越来越多,但大学决策过程始终面临着政府与大学、学校与基层院系、管理者与教师学生等不同主体的权力之间的冲突。大学决策权力的规制在于合理界定不同主体的决策范围,建立大学学校层面的决策体制机制,以及保障不同权力主体参与决策的制度体系。     

教师:学校课程决策的核心主体

教师参与学校课程决策是教师的权力,是教师职业角色和专业发展的内在需要,也是提高学校课程有效性、促进学校课程变革的需要。教师从不同立场出发,在不同层面参与学校的课程决策,体现出教师参与学校课程决策内容和方式的差异。要增强教师的参与意识和决策能力,建立和完善保障教师参与课程决策权力的体系,明确教师的决策权限,确立合理的监督系统和教师自我评价机制,提高教师参与学校课程决策的有效性。     

学生参与学校变革

长期以来,学生的声音在学校变革中被严重忽视,这既不利于学生的发展,而且也会影响学校变革的进程。事实上,学生具有参与学校变革的能力。基于对传统学校变革的反思,学生参与学校变革日益成为诸多学者共同关注的话题。树立学生权力意识,加强学生参与学校变革的制度建设等都是学生参与学校变革的实现途径。     

试论高校内部决策系统及其优化

高校内部决策的科学性取决于高校行政权力与学术权力的内在统一。当前高校行政权力与学术权力失衡的根源在于行政决策的目的异化与低效,解决关键在于实现行政权力和学术权力的目的统一。提高决策信息对称性,增强学术权力参与决策的知情权;建立决策咨询系统,保障学术权力参与决策;增强决策透明度,确保权力监督的有效实行,是实现高校内部决策系统优化的有效手段。     

学生参与学校变革

长期以来,学生的声音在学校变革中被严重忽视,这既不利于学生的发展,而且也会影响学校变革的进程。事实上,学生具有参与学校变革的能力。基于对传统学校变革的反思,学生参与学校变革日益成为诸多学者共同关注的话题。树立学生权力意识,加强学生参与学校变革的制度建设等都是学生参与学校变革的实现途径。     

论教师的课程决策权力

教师应该享有一定的课程决策权力。教师之所以应享有课程决策权力,基于以下四点考虑:课程决策的性质;教师应有的形象;中国课程决策的传统;西方课程决策权的历史变化。教师的课程决策权力主要是由三方面构成,即参与国家课程和地方课程的决策,参与校本课程决策,以及参与学校课程统整的决策。教师课程决策权力的有效性保障主要包括机制保障、素质保障和资源保障。     

权力透镜下大学的课程决策主体分析——以X大学的课程决策为例

大学课程的决策主体是在权力的“透镜”下得以显现和定格的.课程决策主体总是操纵大学课程的“少数人”,呈现出从核心层到参与层再到影响层的权力不断递减的层级结构.在横向上,决策权力偏向行政权力,学术权力、学生权力不足;在纵向上,决策权力集中在上层,普通教师和管理人员权力缺乏;决策空间构建随意化.优化大学课程的决策主体,对于实现课程决策的民主性(开放性)、可选择性、自主性,具有十分重大的意义.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…