‘Please remember we are not all brilliant’: undergraduates’ experiences of an elite,research‐intensive degree at a research‐intensive university

Undergraduate research experiences are being incorporated into degree programs with increasing frequency. However, there has been little study into their effectiveness in preparing students for research or into the learning gains that students realise from one or more research experiences. We surveyed science students in an elite, research‐based undergraduate degree program at a research‐intensive university. These students complete six research projects during their degree and we aimed to delineate factors that students perceive as leading to either good or bad experiences. Two factors stand out as contributing to a successful research experience: the supervisor, with students reporting both pedagogic and affective benefits of good supervision; and the feeling that they are doing authentic science. Surprisingly, given the research‐intensive nature of this degree, the learning gains students report relate to both an appreciation of what research is like and life skills, such as time management, rather than scientific thinking skills.     

The development of student teachers’ research knowledge,beliefs and attitude

This study reports on the development of second-year student teachers’ knowledge of research, and the changes in their beliefs and attitude regarding research during an introductory course at an institute for primary teacher education. Questionnaires and concept maps were administered before and after the course. The results showed that student teachers’ knowledge about research grew during the introductory course and that their positive beliefs about research became more positive, while their negative beliefs about research decreased. A positive change was found concerning the attractiveness of research to student teachers. Furthermore, student teachers’ self-efficacy regarding research appeared related to their beliefs and attitude: the more the student teachers were convinced of their abilities to conduct and use the results of research after the course, the more positive their beliefs and their attitude regarding research were. This study provides guidelines for institutes for teacher education on integrating research activities into their curricula, so that their student teachers develop research knowledge and positive beliefs and attitudes towards research.     

IT职业岗位胜任能力研究

为量化IT职业岗位胜任能力要素,在构建素质模型的基础上,对IT职位调研信息进行了数据统计分析,结果表明：团队精神、责任心、创新意识、沟通表达、计划能力、信息加工等是IT职业素养和通用知识技能的主要构成要素,在IT职业岗位胜任能力中的作用显著,职业教育人才培养过程应该引起重视。     

The relationship between young children’s enjoyment of learning to read,reading attitudes,confidence and attainment

Background: While there is a considerable body of research exploring the relationship between older primary school children’s reading attitudes, confidence and attainment, there is a noticeable lack of research with younger children. Furthermore, there is relatively little research exploring the extent to which children’s reading attitudes, confidence and attainment are related to their enjoyment of learning to read.

Purpose: To understand the relationship between young children’s reading attitudes, reading confidence, enjoyment of learning to read and reading attainment.

Sample: Two hundred and three children (103 boys) with an average age of 6 years and 9 months (.32 years standard deviation) participated in this study. Children were from 11 primary schools in England, located within a wide range of socio-economic neighbourhoods.

Design and methods: All children completed questionnaires examining their attitudes to reading, reading confidence (using Progress in International Reading Literacy Study items) and enjoyment of learning to read. Children also completed an assessment of word reading. All assessments were administered individually.

Results: Children’s attitudes to reading, reading confidence and enjoyment of learning to read correlated with their word reading skill; however, only reading attitudes and reading confidence predicted variance in reading success. With regard to gender differences, girls reported more positive reading attitudes than boys, even after controlling for differences in reading skill.

Conclusions: Results highlight that the relationship between children’s reading skills and the affective aspects of learning to read develops from a young age. Therefore, methods of reading instruction need to foster affective aspects of reading, in addition to developing cognitive skills to best support young children’s reading development.     

任务型教学法在大学英语精读教学中的应用

采用控制组和实验组前后测试的方法,对任务型教学法与传统教学海在大学英语精读教学中的应用效果进行对比。结果显示,任务型教学法在提升学生语言技能、情感态度、素质能力和学习策略四个方面明显优于传统教学法,且没有对语言知识的获得产生负作用。大多数学生认为任务型教学法更适合他们。     

Research as an intercultural ‘contact zone’

Contemporary researchers need to work across many cultural boundaries between ethnicities, between disciplines, between universities and industry, between professional cultures, and between various workplace cultures. While many authors have sought to characterise aspects of this boundary work, there remains little research on how researchers, especially research higher degree students, might be adequately prepared to work sensitively in these cultural borderlands. This article draws upon the post-colonial concept of the ‘contact zone’ to reconceptualise the knowledge and skills required by the successful intercultural researcher. It demonstrates how recognition of and engagement with cultural difference can create deconstructive, productive possibilities for innovative research and new knowledge. The article also examines the consequences of a lack of intercultural sensitivity and equity – the symbolic violence and exploitation present in the contemporary research arena. This recasting of research has significant implications for future research training.     

我国应用型本科研究热点与脉络演进可视化分析

为廓清改革开放以来应用型本科研究发展现状,梳理该研究领域的热点问题及发展脉络,文章借助CiteSpace软件,运用文献计量法对国内"应用型本科"为主题的2336篇CSSCI和核心期刊数据库文献的关键词进行了可视化分析。结果表明:(1)历经三个阶段:萌芽探索阶段(1978-1992年)、稳步发展阶段(1993-2007年)和全面改革阶段(2008年至今)。(2)热点主题聚类:应用型本科院校、转型发展、地方本科高校、人才培养模式、实践教学以及产教融合等。(3)研究力量:顾永安发文量占首位,潘懋元、吴中江的成果是重要的研究理论基础;发文量前三位机构分别为常熟理工学院、南京工程学院、厦门大学。作者之间与机构之间的协作关系和整体联系均较为薄弱,行业企业鲜有研究。(4)研究规律:通过体制机制创新,各行为主体建立对接机制,相互协作,走内涵式发展道路。     

研究型大学专业学院本科生导师制实证研究

本科生导师制是目前高等教育教学改革中一种重要的人才培养模式。文章以北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院为个案,针对为推进完全学分制和两校区办学模式实施的本科生导师制,通过问卷调查,分析关键环节,总结存在问题,提出改进建议,为进一步落实导师制积累经验。     

论程序性知识及其教学

在广义知识观下 ,知识可分为三大类 :陈述性知识、程序性知识和策略性知识。程序性知识包含技能在内 ,传统知识观下的知识与技能的矛盾因而得到解决。通过程序性知识的教学培养学生的技能具有十分重要的意义。     

把握高中英语新教材的脉络

本文试从英语教学理论和实践出发 ,论述高中英语新教材的特点 ,指出要把握SEFC ,必须语言知识与文化知识并重 ,结构与功能并重 ,培养读写能力为主 ,听说为辅 ,以学生为主体 ,以现代教育技术为辅助。教师应坚持钻研教材 ,认真作好教后反思笔记     

美国研究型大学本科生科研发展概述

美国研究型大学本科生科研活动的开展经历了不同的发展阶段,20世纪90年代以后有了很大的发展。本科生科研活动作为教育改革重要的措施之一得以不断扩展和完善,并且日益融入美国研究型大学以研究为本的本科教育体系改革之中。