曹丕对刘勰影响三论

曹丕与刘勰，是魏晋南北朝时期学批评的两大重镇，二都对理论思维作出了独特的贡献。从学批评角度观察，曹丕与刘勰联系十分密切。其首先表现为，在魏、陈思的优劣比较中，刘勰明显向曹丕倾斜，这在陈思优于魏已有定论的南朝，实属不易；其次，二在统领全局的宏观述思想方面，不无相通之处；更重要的，是曹丕关于批评主体要从学创作中剥离、独立的思想影响了刘勰。     

从曹丕到刘勰:批评者的视角--对魏晋六朝文学批评意识自觉的一种观察

曹丕与刘勰，均为魏晋六朝一流的文学批评家。此期文学创作活跃，批评也获得了长足发展。曹丕作为批评史上一位先行者，对刘勰影响巨大。对此，批评史著作屡屡提及。但曹丕究竟在哪一点上具体影响了刘勰，几乎无人再探个究竟。在曹植、曹丕的优劣比较中，刘勰明显向后者倾斜，而在刘勰推崇曹丕的种种话语背后，是二者共同的批评者的视角。曹丕对刘勰影响最大者，不是一些表面词句，而是起根本作用的自觉批评意识和主动批评精神。     

论曹丕的“本”与“本同”

本文论述曹丕重视文学审美内容和本质──即重质重本，以意为主的批评观。全文分为五个部分：（一）界定了“本”“本同”的内涵和外延，阐释这一批评观的具体内容。（二）通过曹丕对具体作家作品的品评，论述曹丕这一批评观的运用。（三）以曹丕对文学价值、社会功能的认识，论证曹丕这一批评观的延伸。（四）探讨了曹丕这一批评观的历史渊源。     

论刘勰对曹丕文学批评理论的继承与发展

在中国文学批评史上,魏晋南北朝时期的文学理论、文学批评引人注目。其中,尤以开古代文学批评之风气的汉末魏初首屈一指的批评家曹丕与代表当时文学理论和文学批评新成就的南朝著名文学批评家刘勰最为突出。他们的批评理论与实践,对古代文学批评理论的建立和发展起了不可估量的作用。如果说刘勰的《文心雕龙》是当时文学理论成就集大成之丰碑,那么曹丕的《典论论文》就是古代文学批评荒原中“筚路蓝缕,以启山林”的开山之斧。《文心雕龙》之所以被认为“五十篇之内,百代精华备矣”,之所以能成为我国古代文论史上体大思精的理论名著并对后世产生巨大的影响,除了我国悠久的文学历史所提供的大量色彩绚丽的艺术花果可供研究之外,还得力于敢于开辟批评界之荆棘的曹丕所探索出来     

曹丕《典论·论文》中“文气说”的审美体征

曹丕<典论·论文>是魏晋时期文艺理论的发轫之作,也是中国文学理论批评史上文章学专论的开山鼻祖.曹丕"文气说"是文学创作"才性论"批评的核心命题.自曹丕首揭"文气说"伊始,中国文学界无论是评诗论文或是探讨创作和鉴赏的一般规律皆是从"文气"着眼.故而古代文论纷繁复杂的理论范畴实质上就是由"文气"说承续展拓,从而形成了别具匠心的文艺学批评的价值风范和审美情韵.     

曹丕《典论&#183;论文》中“文气说”的审美体征

曹丕《典论&#183;论文》是魏晋时期文艺理论的发轫之作,也是中国文学理论批评史上文章学专论的开山鼻祖。曹丕“文气说”是文学创作“才性论”批评的核心命题。自曹丕首揭“文气说”伊始。中国文学界无论是评诗论文或是探讨创作和鉴赏的一般规律皆是从“文气”着眼。故而古代文论纷繁复杂的理论范畴实质上就是由“文气”说承续展拓,从而形成了别具匠心的文艺学批评的价值风范和审美情韵。     

钟嵘风格理论漫评

魏晋南北朝是我国古典风格理论日臻成熟的时期。这和当时许多文论家的大胆探索和不懈努力是分不开的。学者在讨论时多标举曹丕,刘勰,而对钟嵘则很少提及,只把他的《诗品》做为一部单纯的诗歌批评著作来看待。其实,透过《诗品》对汉魏诗人的品评,读者便不难发现在钟嵘诗歌批评实践的背后,是有着系统的风格理论做指导。与曹丕,刘勰孤立地以才气论风格不同,钟嵘的风格理论,是紧密结合诗人的审美创作过程进行阐发的,具有自己鲜明的特色。     

曹丕文学批评思想新探

曹丕是中国古代文学理论批评史上第一位以文论家的主体意识和自觉精神开展文学批评的文论家,他的文学批评思想主要集中在“品评才性”上,也就是对作家作品的批评上主要表现在两个方面:其一是“文人”论,也就是作家论。曹丕的“文人”论受儒家和道家及汉魏时期“才性”论与人物品鉴的影响,着重对“文人”的“才性”进行品评。其二是“文气”论。曹丕的“文气”论直接受到儒家和道家关于“气”的思想影响,注重探讨作家作品的生命内涵与生命特质,具体而深入地解释了“气”在文学创作及文学作品生成过程中的重要作用。     

释《典论·论文》的三个问题

曹丕的《典论·论文》被现代文学理论批评史专家给予很高的评价,但研究中人们在《典论》的写作时间、《论文》的内容与主旨等方面还存在认识上的分歧。对于这些问题仍有进一步探讨的必要。     

古代批评家的文体

古代批评家书写文学理论和批评的文体可谓多多。 仅以魏晋南北朝为例,同样是一流的批评,同样是经典的批评文本,曹丕《典论·论文》用论说体,曹植《与杨德祖书》用书信体,     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.