Our experience with experimental<Emphasis Type="Italic">Wuchereria bancrofti</Emphasis> infection in Indian langur (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Presbytis entellus</Emphasis>)

Thyroid antibodies are commonly utilized in the assessment and diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disorders. We compared the measurements of antithyroglobulin and antithyroidperoxidase antibodies by enzyme immunoassay with that of the conventional agglutination method. This fully automated enzyme immunoassay is more specific and cost effective than the agglutination method. Further this is a very quantitative and rapid method producing results in two hours as compared to at least twenty=four hours required by the conventional method. Antithyroidperoxidase antibodies determined by enzyme immunoassay are more specific and sensitive in the diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis than the antithyroglobulin antibodies.     

Hepatoprotective effect of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Hygrophila spinosa</Emphasis> and<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cassia occidentalis</Emphasis> on carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in experimental rats

The present study was undertaken to analyze the levels of some known antioxidant (both enzymic and non enzymic) activities in the rootsof Hygrophila spinosa andCassia occidentalis also to find out the hepatoprotective effect of the same in carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in albino rats. The roots were found to be rich in antioxidants. Liver damage in rats were induced by carbon tetrachloride. To find out the hepatoprotective activity, the aqueous extract of the plant root samples were administrated to rats for 15 days. The serum marker enzymes Aspartate transaminase, Alanine transaminase and Gama Glutamyl were measured in experimental animals. The increased enzyme levels after liver damage with carbon tetrachloride were nearing to normal value when treated with aqueous extract of the root samples. Histopathological observation also proved the hepatoprotectivity of the root samples.     

直挂云帆济沧海——厦门海运大厦方案设计简介

这是一个通过公开招投标中标的项目,如水晶般的透明建筑象谦逊质朴的萌芽。体型的主要特征,是一个矩形体量和一面的结合,宁静而生动。在对以下几点原则的思考诠释过程中,完成对一个实际项目的设计:1、简洁性。2、多样性和统一性的平衡。3、结构秩序。4、工程经济学。5、生态热缓冲层。在以基础上兼顾到业主的企业文化,“直挂云帆济沧海”的豪迈意境得到肯定,成为该区域的标志性建筑。     

Effect of ketoacids on H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> induced cataract

Cataract is one of the leading causes of visual disability often leading to blindness in the elderly population. One of the causes is oxidation of proteins present in lens, by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). In the present study 100 goat lenses were analyzed to determine the protective efficacy of ketoacids, against the oxidative insult by H₂O₂. The ketoacids used were (pyruvate, alpha ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate), that are constantly produced endogenously. The lenses were incubated as control and experimental groups in TC-199 media for 72 hrs. H₂O₂ concentration of 10mM was used to induce cataract. The biochemical parameters measured were levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product and activity of glutathione peroxidase (G-Px), an enzymatic antioxidant. The results showed a significant increase in the levels of MDA and significant decrease in the activity of G-Px in the cataractous lenses as compared to control. After addition of ketoacids (pyruvate (10mM), alpha ketoglutarate (20mM) and oxaloacetate (20mM)) separately, the levels of MDA decreased significantly and the activity of G-Px increased significantly. The results suggest that the ketoacids can be very promising antioxidants for the treatment of cataract. They may also be useful in treating other disabilities related to acute and chronic oxidative stress.     

高等医学教育要注重医学生综合素质的培养

现代医学模式要求医务工作者必须是高素质的人才,培养全面发展的医学生则是高等医学教育的当务之急。本文就医学生的综合素质做了具体阐述,并论述了如何加强医学生综合素质的培养。     

Secondary immunization inhibits drug induced apoptosis<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis>

Immunization with a proper dose of an antigenic stimulus leads to cell proliferation and antibody response of circulating lymphocytes. We have previously observed that Secondary immunized spleenocytes resist ceramide-mediated apoptosisin vitro. Our present study is aimed at investigating thein vivo effect of immunization on apoptosis. Mice were subjected to either Primary or Secondary dose with Tetanus Toxoid. Unimmunized spleenocytes served as controls. Unimmunized, Primary and Secondary immunized mice were later exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs such as Etoposide/Methotrexate/Vincristine to induce apoptosis. Apoptosis was studied by using the Feulgen reaction on 5μ thin parafin sections of spleen. It was observed that Secondary immunized mice showed a lower percentage of apoptosis as compared to Primary or Unimmunized mice that was subjected to either of the chemotherapeutic drugs. It was thus concluded that Secondary immunization inhibits the process of chemotherapeutic drug induced apoptosis in vivo.     

学术期刊出版运营的“术”与“道”

【目的】 帮助学术期刊把握出版运营的原则与本质,打破运营误区,提升运营能力,为期刊出版的有效运营提供参考。【方法】 针对学术期刊出版运营中的误区和不良现象,剖析期刊发展“术”与“道”的差异及关系,揭示学术期刊出版运营的本质。【结果】 “道”是根本,以“道”驭“术”,以“术”促“道”,不仅是学术期刊出版初心和本原的回归,更是学术期刊生存发展的需要。【结论】 学术期刊需要牢记初心使命、坚守学术定力,科学认识期刊出版运营的影响因素,系统调用运营全要素,不为“名”所困扰,不为评价指标所羁绊,实现有效运营与可持续发展。     

“Stacking” and “picking” inventions: The patenting behavior of European inventors

By using a sample of 793 inventors drawn from the PatVal-EU dataset, this paper explores three aspects of patent production at the individual inventor level: (1) the number of EPO patents that the inventors produce; (2) the average value of their inventions; (3) the production of the most valuable patents. By jointly estimating the three equations we find that the inventors’ level of education, employment in a large firm, and involvement in large-scale research projects positively correlate with quantity. Yet, apart from the size of the research project, none of these factors directly influence the expected value of the inventions. They do, however, have an indirect influence, as we find that the number of patents explains the probability of producing a technological hit (the maximum value). Also, there is no regression to the mean in the invention process at an individual level, as the number of inventions that an inventor produces is not correlated with the average value.     

风险投资“抑制”还是“放纵”内部控制缺陷?

文章基于风险投资的"认证监督假说"和"道德风险假说",利用我国创业板上市公司2010—2014年的数据,实证检验风险投资对上市公司内部控制缺陷的作用是"抑制"还是"放纵",结果发现:(1)风险投资能"抑制"被投资企业内部控制缺陷,且随着风险投资持股比例的增加,其"抑制"作用更加显著;(2)采用分组检验的办法,发现在风险投资持股比例高的样本中,其对内部控制缺陷有显著的"抑制"作用,在风险投资持股比例低的样本中,风险投资对于内部控制具有不显著的"放纵"作用;(3)文章还发现股权集中度越高,会削弱风险投资对于内部控制缺陷的"抑制"作用;(4)不同背景风险投资对内部控制缺陷的作用不同,政府背景和企业背景风险投资对企业内部控制缺陷具有"抑制"作用,其中企业背景风险投资的"抑制"作用显著,而独资背景的风险投资对内部控制缺陷具有不显著的"放纵"作用。     

Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ocimum sanctum</Emphasis>

Ocimum sanctum leaves have been traditionally used in treatment of diabetes mellitus. Dietary supplementation of fresh tulsi leaves in a dose of 2 gm/kg BW for 30 days led to significant lowering of blood glucose levels in test group. Intake ofOcimum sanctum also led to significant increase in levels of superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and total thiols, but marked reduction in peroxiodised lipid levels as compared to untreated control group. The leaves were found to possess both superoxide and hydroxyl free radical scavenging action. The present observations establish the efficacy ofOcimum sanctum leaves in lowering blood glucose levels and antioxidant property appears to be predominantly responsible for hypoglycemic effect.     

Investigations on protein adsorption on<Emphasis Type="Italic">in-vivo</Emphasis> sensor membrane surfaces

Summary  In order to understand the mechanism of fauling of electrode surfaces ofin vivo electrochemical sensors used for monitoring whole blood, the investigations on protein adsorption on the membrane surfaces were undertaken. Using an oxygen sensor, the protein adsorption studies were carried out on two different polymeric surfaces-teflon (PTFE) and polyurethane (PU)-using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry. Investigations reveal that even a single protein like albumin or fibrinogen tend to adhere to the sensor membrane surface and influences the electrochemical characteristics of the sensor. The influence is more significant, in the case of PTFE membrane.     

Assessment of glycemic potential of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Musa paradisiaca</Emphasis> stem juice

The present study reveals the effect of Musa paradisiaca stem juice on blood glucose level (BGL) of normal & diabetic rats. The dose of 500 mg/kg bodyweight produces a significant rise of 28.3% in blood glucose level after 6h of oral administration in normal rats. Whereas, in sub diabetic rats the same dose produces a rise of 16.4% in blood glucose levels within 1h during glucose tolerance test (GTT) and a rise of 16% after 4 h in fasting blood glucose levels of severe diabetic cases. These results were unexpected and important to report as other species of Musa like Musa sapientum has been reported for its hypoglycemic effect.     

Brave old world: Accounting for ‘high-tech’ knowledge in ‘low-tech’ industries

‘Lower-tech’ sectors are still commonly regarded as unusual suspects in the modern process of innovation and economic change. In this paper we try to understand better how organisations specialising in traditional businesses have been transformed by a period of paradigm-shift such as the one that characterised the final decades of the twentieth century. We focus on a population of nearly 500 of the world's largest innovative companies to assess the extent to which companies belonging to ‘old-economy’ sectors have been developing cutting-edge knowledge about clusters of new technologies such as ICT, new materials and biotechnology. We find that ‘non-high-tech’ corporations transformed their patent portfolios in a non-trivial way. Companies in mature trades contributed significantly to the development of technologies that are at the core of the so-called Third Industrial Revolution.