“Beijing Declaration” Issued at the First International Science Forum of National Scientific Organizations on the Belt and Road Initiative

正(Nov.7-8,2016)To address diverse development challenges and to promote the common prosperity of all nations,Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 proposed the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21~(st)Century Maritime Silk Road.This initiative-the Belt and Road(BR)-is a forward-looking vision for international cooperation     

Compelled Choice Made in Dilemma:Comments on the Issue of Application of Law in the First Case of“Bolar Exception”in China

Ⅰ.Introduction On 20 December 2006,the Beijing No.2 Intermediate People's Court(the Court for short)rendered its first-instance judgement on the Japanese Sankyo Co.,Ltd.)(Sankyo for short) v.the Beijing Wansheng Drug Co.,Ltd.(Wansheng for short),a case of infringement of the patent for the pharma- ceutical"Olmesartan medoxomil",establishing that Wan-     

“Ghost” Trademarks in China:Comments on and analysis of preemptive trademark registration in China and the related issues

Over the years,tens and thousands of"ghost"trade- marks have been hovering over this land,These"ghost"trademarks are used to"gain fame or win popularity by fraud".Obvious or implicit bad faith also goes with them when they are applied for registration or used.The most reg- istered"ghost"trademarks are not put to actual use.The owners of these trademarks await opportunities to assign     

“Context” in healthcare information technology resistance: A systematic review of extant literature and agenda for future research

Resistance to Healthcare Information Technologies (HIT) continues to be a major challenge that hampers the realization of benefits. Attending to the noted significance of “context” in IT resistance, we carried out this review to understand how the “context” of healthcare in the extant HIT resistance literature has been studied. Based on a review of HIT resistance across 19 IS journals and 5 major IS conferences we organize and summarize the literature around the interaction of people, practice, and technology and provide several significant possibilities for future research.     

Recommended for “frequent perusal” and “improving the science of medicine”: Benjamin Rush’s American editions and the circulation of medical knowledge in the early Republic

Between 1809 and 1813 leading American physician Benjamin Rush (1745–1813) devoted a significant portion of his time to the production of “American Editions” of four British and colonial medical texts by Thomas Sydenham (1624–1689), Sir John Pringle (1707–1782), William Hillary (1697–1763), and George Cleghorn (1716–1789). This occurred during a period where Rush might have written a textbook detailing his preferred medical system for students outright. Instead, he opted for a different form of knowledge production and proliferation that focused on creating fictive conversations and encouraging critical reading rather than rote memorization. He dedicated these heavily annotated documents to the medical students of the United States of America and set them up as a pedagogical tool. Analysis of these texts helps uncover the reading practices of Rush and the manner in which he expected Americans to mediate their usage of foreign texts and theories after the American Revolution.     

The battle of Brain vs. Heart: A literature review and meta-analysis of “hedonic motivation” use in UTAUT2

Much of the scholarly debate on the extrinsic-intrinsic motivation dichotomy to date has focused on organisational context. However, the recent upsurge of technology use amongst individuals in non-organisational context has led to consumer-focused research model such as extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2). The objective of this study is to bring back much needed focus on motivation dichotomy from the consumer perspective. This involved a systematic review and meta-analysis of hedonic motivation an affective construct in UTAUT2 studies. The findings from 79 UTAUT2 empirical studies revealed that only 46 studies (58%) utilised hedonic motivation while the remaining 33 studies (42%) omitted the construct. Extrinsic motivation was the major driver of non-hedonic and non-significant hedonic motivation studies with individuals using technologies for utilitarian outcomes. Unlike UTAUT2, moderators association of hedonic motivation were non-significant in determining consumer intention to use technology. The findings also revealed an important association between hedonic motivation and effort expectancy, in addition to fruitful directions for research and practice.     

The Role of Social Culture in Internet Adoption in Greece: Unpacking “I Don't Want to Use the Internet” and Frequency of Use

This article examines the role of social culture in Internet adoption in Greece. It employs Hofstede's five-dimensional framework of national culture and analyzes the European Social Survey 2008 data. It finds that social culture in general and particularly people's past or future orientation in life, and to a lesser extent their degree of openness to difference and novelty in life, are significant drivers of Internet adoption in Greece. It argues that the persistently low level of Internet adoption in Greece can be explained by pointing to a traditional, uncertainty-avoidant, and novelty-resistant culture that discourages technological development and innovation. It concludes that to explain that the statement “I don't want to use the Internet” and frequency of use and other such behavioral patterns, one should look beyond demographics, practical, and real-life factors and examine broader and socioculturally embedded drivers of Internet adoption.     

How to describe and evaluate “deception” phenomena: recasting the metaphysics,ethics, and politics of ICTs in terms of magic and performance and taking a relational and narrative turn

Contemporary ICTs such as speaking machines and computer games tend to create illusions. Is this ethically problematic? Is it deception? And what kind of “reality” do we presuppose when we talk about illusion in this context? Inspired by work on similarities between ICT design and the art of magic and illusion, responding to literature on deception in robot ethics and related fields, and briefly considering the issue in the context of the history of machines, this paper discusses these questions through the lens of stage magic and illusionism, with the aim of reframing the very question of deception. It investigates if we can take a more positive or at least morally neutral view of magic, illusion, and performance, while still being able to understand and criticize the relevant phenomena, and if we can describe and evaluate these phenomena without recourse to the term “deception” at all. This leads the paper into a discussion about metaphysics and into taking a relational and narrative turn. Replying to Tognazzini, the paper identifies and analyses two metaphysical positions: a narrative and performative non-dualist position is articulated in response to what is taken to be a dualist, in particular Platonic, approach to “deception” phenomena. The latter is critically discussed and replaced by a performative and relational approach which avoids a distant “view from nowhere” metaphysics and brings us back to the phenomena and experience in the performance relation. The paper also reflects on the ethical and political implications of the two positions: for the responsibility of ICT designers and users, which are seen as co-responsible magicians or co-performers, and for the responsibility of those who influence the social structures that shape who has (more) power to deceive or to let others perform.