Stichwort: Familie und Bildung

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Stichwort: Transmigration und Bildung

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Stichwort: Ästhetik und Bildung

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Stichwort: Bildung und soziale Ungleichheit

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Stichwort: Interferenz von Religion und Bildung

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Stichwort: Familie, Peers und (informelle) Bildung im Kindes- und Jugendalter

The importance of non-school educational stimuli which arise in “normal” everyday life (mainly through experience and “learning from life”) and the contribution of such stimuli to the educational development of young people are often underestimated. The educational value of the widely differing casual educational structures in family and peer relationships is often not fully appreciated in educational research until such structures are combined with formal school education. So far, researchers have only just begun to explore the value of informal education and to venture beyond the “traditional” limitation of empirical educational research in Germany to formal, institutionally organised education and competence acquisition processes for pupils. In recent years, attention has not only been directed towards the family as an independent place of education—studies have also focused on real life informal interaction situations in peer relationships and their importance as significant educational factors in the context of unsupervised child daytime activities. The researchers tend to regard the family as a “different type of educational sphere” and peer relationships as social interactions between equals with considerable educational potential, involving social and cultural exchange processes which constitute “everyday education” and which differ in their effects depending on the milieu. In view of the enormous differences in the way in which children and young people are integrated into family and peer-based everyday situations, it is important to point out the high educational significance of family and peer relationships for informal education, and this must always be analysed in relation to the social milieu of the family of origin and the type of school attended by the young people. The existing research initiatives and results are discussed here in relation to various research questions. The varied considerations in relation to the significance and impact of peer relationships and the existing approaches adopted in research serve as a starting point for further suggestions for future research, and these desirable new directions in research are then discussed from a theoretical and methodological perspective.     

Familienstruktur und Bildungserfolg

Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der h?ufig vorgetragenen These, dass sich die Struktur der Herkunftsfamilie und hier insbesondere die Abwesenheit eines Elternteils auf den Bildungserfolg von Kindern auswirke. Diese These wird aus der Perspektive der Lebensverlaufsforschung theoretisch kritisiert und auf der Grundlage deutscher und amerikanischer Umfragedaten empirisch relativiert. Es zeigt sich, dass es nicht die Strukturver?nderungen der Familie als solche sind, die Einfluss auf den Schulerfolg von Kindern nehmen. Statt dessen rücken Selektionseffekte ins Zentrum der Aufmerksamkeit sowie insbesondere die sozialen und politischen Rahmenbedingungen, unter denen sich familiale Ver?nderungen vollziehen.

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Summary This article deals with the frequently made argument that family structure — and here especially the absence of one parent — has an impact on the school success of children. This argument is theoretically criticised from the perspective of life course research and empirically re-analysed on the basis of survey data from Germany and the U.S. It becomes obvious, that the change of family structure as such has no or only very little impact on children’s school success. Instead, selection effects play a major roll as well as the social and political framework, under which changes to the family occure.

     

Stichwort: Internationalisierungsprozesse und Elitebildung

Processes of internationalisation are not a novel phenomenon: they have been present since the beginning of human history and have been the subject of theories and analyses since the early days of social-science research. This article highlights (1.) the social pre-conditions of historical and current processes of trans-regional communication and exchange, and argues that (2.) these conditions were not superseded but reinforced by the rise of nation states and their international relations. They are based on processes of cultural standardisation, differentiation and competition, which also fuel and transform elite formation and elite competition. (3.) With the emergence of international organisations in the wake of World War II, historical processes of international standardisation and competition were extended to national education systems. (4.) National education systems are currently witnessing a transformation which originates partly from the competition between national and international elites, and partly from new dynamics in international migration.     

Stichwort: Globalisierung und Erziehungswissenschaft

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Stichwort: Transfer und Transferforschung im Bildungsbereich

“Transfer of innovation” is understood in education science as concerned with the dissemination of scientifically based innovations in educational systems. This contribution will begin with a more precise definition of the term transfer, an overview of the current state of research and on which factors influence the successful dissemination of innovations in educational systems. In the second part, four strategies will be presented which enable the dissemination of scientific evidence into practical settings. Here we will compare strategies which have been used within the context of pilot programmes in Germany with internationally established approaches. These international approaches are more output-orientated and, therefore, look to the effects of innovations on pupils—especially with respect to performance development. The comparison contrasts classic top-down with evidence-based strategies and participative strategies with design-research approaches. Finally, we discuss the role given to educational research within these strategies.     

Stichwort: Professionalisierung

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Stichwort: Schulinspektion

School inspection is a function in school systems which aims for quality assurance and quality development by having external persons monitor and evaluate the work in schools. This article begins by sketching the historical development of this function in schooling and other systems. The main features of ‘new school inspections’ which are seen as important are explained and characteristic elements of evidence-based governance models and their relationship to school administration is discussed. In the second part of the article, theoretical models which conceptualize the conditions, processes and effects of this complex instrument of school governance are explained. Finally, the state of empirical research in this field is summarized which show that the results with respect to effects and effective processes remain inconclusive. The article concludes with open questions for further research.     

Stichwort: Mehrsprachigkeit

The article provides an introduction to the state of the art in research on migration induced multilingualism. At first, recent research on the dynamics of migration is taken up, showing that practices and types of migration have changed dramatically in the past two decades. These changes lead to linguistic textures in societies that go beyond all forms of complexity ever experienced before. The theoretical concept of super-diversity tries to capture the new types of complexity. It is presented in the first chapter of this article. Actual super-diversity in migration areas is confronted with traditional self-concepts of homogeneity and monolingualism as the regular case in societies, in chapter two. A historical analysis in chapter three illustrates the development of the linguistic self-image of classical, i.e. European nation states. This concept of linguistic normality—a monolingual habitus—sets the frame not only for actual language practice and language policies in many nation states world-wide, but has also influenced important parts of scientific research and discourse on multilingualism. Chapters four and five deal with the state of knowledge concerning language development in multilingual contexts, and present the controversy about bilingual education. In the final chapter, perspectives for future research on multilingualism and education are presented that take linguistic super-diversity into account.     

Stichwort: Ganztagsschule

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Stichwort: Integration

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Stichwort: Alter

Ohne Zusammenfassung Ich danke Gertrud BACKES für eine konstruktive Diskussion des Textes, au?erdem den (anonymen) Gutachtern für hilfreiche Anmerkungen und kritische Kommentare.     

Stichwort: PISA-E

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