为“水处理和工业水处理”设置专类的设想

本文分析了关于总论水处理和工业水处理著作分类混乱的原因 ,提出了在TB类为其设置专类的解决办法。     

渐行渐远的节日文化——当前我国报纸节日文化传承功能的缺失研究

本文分别选取中央与地方两份典型报纸,试图通过对传统节日期间相关报道的内容统计分析,探讨报纸在传承节日文化中应起到的作用,从而更为清晰地认知报纸媒介在文化传承中的角色与责任定位,进一步推动整个社会重视并建立节日文化体系,最终使节日文化得以继承和发展。     

对CNMARC中普通图书书名处置的认识

针对当前CNMARC中书名著录各种情况，尤其是滥用517字段现象进行分析、论述，认为应当注重著录以及书名概念、属性的准确性；使用字段或子字段，不宜越俎代庖，而应使用名实相符的；在有多种形式时，宜采取更简洁、妥帖、涵盖程度高的方式。     

Identifying top news using crowdsourcing

The influential Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) retrieval conference has always relied upon specialist assessors or occasionally participating groups to create relevance judgements for the tracks that it runs. Recently however, crowdsourcing has been championed as a cheap, fast and effective alternative to traditional TREC-like assessments. In 2010, TREC tracks experimented with crowdsourcing for the very first time. In this paper, we report our successful experience in creating relevance assessments for the TREC Blog track 2010 top news stories task using crowdsourcing. In particular, we crowdsourced both real-time newsworthiness assessments for news stories as well as traditional relevance assessments for blog posts. We conclude that crowdsourcing not only appears to be a feasible, but also cheap and fast means to generate relevance assessments. Furthermore, we detail our experiences running the crowdsourced evaluation of the TREC Blog track, discuss the lessons learned, and provide best practices.     

高校图书馆开展图书疗法的建议

提出了在高校图书馆开展图书疗法的概念,指出了在高校图书馆开展图书疗法的优势,并给出了相应实施建议.     

应用即时通信软件在线进行稿件退修的方法

以腾讯QQ为例介绍应用通信软件在线进行稿件退修的方法.实际应用结果表明,与传统方法相比,此种双向即时交流方式有利于提高稿件退修的质量和速度,加强了编辑与作者的互动交流,具有切实可行的和广泛的应用前景.     

利用档案引发的一场官司——《陈寅恪的最后二十年》出版以后

用档案用出了一场官司,这已经是三年前我所了解到的一件事了.那时,我当记者,捕捉到这样一条对档案媒体来说很重要的信息,自然全力以赴地开展了调查采访工作.……     

凭什么不让我查阅——天津市一起房档利用遭遇诉讼

从事档案法制工作的同志在业务研讨中经常埋怨可供分析的案例少。这当然是指进入司法程序的案件不多,其实在社会档案事务中,公说公有理、婆说婆有理的纷争也不少。本刊下面将要介绍的这起案件就极具典型性和普遍性。天津市公民张岩是一起“民告官”诉讼案中的原告,天津市房地产管理局是被告。张岩诉称,其曾祖父张梦明1912年在天津市红桥区福泉里大街盖有房屋36栋,1953年张梦明去世。1956年被告去信让原告之父张广荣回津接管张梦明遗产。因张广荣在上大学,无力接管,被告遂对上述全部房产进行了“改造”。因“改造”前遗产尚未分割,故张广荣及原告以后多次向被告提出要求查阅张梦明的房产档案,但被告予以拒绝。原告依据我国《档案法》,认为此档案属于可公开的档案资料,个人有权查阅,故请法院判令被告纠正过失,公开有关档案资料。结果原告在一审中败诉。自从《中国青年报》记者王亦君以“我为什么不能查阅自家的房产档案”为题公开报道了这一案件后,张岩的遭遇牵动了档案界许多人的心,人们透过张岩“《档案法》上写得清清楚楚,他们凭什么不让我查阅”的呼喊,再一次审视档案利用工作,再一次审视档案法制工作。“明镜高悬”的人民法院对此案做出的判决有些令翘首以待的民众失望,但法院又是依法从事审判工作的     

Online community search using conversational structures

Online communities are valuable information sources where knowledge is accumulated by interactions between people. Search services provided by online community sites such as forums are often, however, quite poor. To address this, we investigate retrieval techniques that exploit the hierarchical thread structures in community sites. Since these structures are sometimes not explicit or accurately annotated, we introduce structure discovery techniques that use a variety of features to model relations between posts. We then make use of thread structures in retrieval experiments with two online forums and one email archive. Our results show that using thread structures that have been accurately annotated can lead to significant improvements in retrieval performance compared to strong baselines.     

Searching for the evidence using PubMed

This article discusses practical methods of searching for the evidence using PubMed. Four searching techniques are included: Simple Limit, Preview/Index, Clinical Queries, and the MeSH Browser. Search strings based on the University of Rochester's Clinical Filters are provided.     

科技书稿校对质疑正误的判断及处理

校对质疑正误的判断及处理是科技书稿校样处理的主要内容,编辑认真对待和正确处理校对质疑,对提高科技书稿内容质量具有积极意义。     

图书馆安全危机的防范与处置

根据危机起因，可将图书馆安全危机分为以下类型：火灾、水灾、尘灾、风灾、雷灾、地质灾、虫鼠灾、偷盗抢劫、计算机系统安全危机、疾病、政治劫难、恐怖袭击、战争等。对于图书馆安全危机，需要建立“防灾、抗灾、容灾、恢复、学习改进”等一系列措施，具体可从五方面考虑：（1）图书馆日常安全管理。加强日常安全管理；编制并完善图书馆安全危机应急预案和恢复预案，准备适当的应急物资；普及安全知识和应急常识，开展工作人员和读者培训、演练；安全评估与改进。（2）图书馆安全危机预警系统。设计预警指标及预警级别，收集安全危机信息，分析安全危机，发出安全警报。（3）图书馆安全危机应急响应。启动或调整应急预案，实施应急响应。（4）图书馆安全危机恢复。启动恢复预案，求助专业恢复机构，善后处理，社会及图书馆联盟的捐赠援助，调查评估与信息发布，恢复中警惕危机次生、衍生、再生。（5）图书馆安全危机总结评价。     

高校图书馆的图书污损现象及对策

分析了当前高校图书馆书刊污损的类型和原因,并提出了解决污损图书现象的措施和对策.     

科技期刊数字用法规范化问题的调查分析

对120种学术类科技期刊数字用法的规范化情况进行了统计分析.有22种期刊符合国家标准要求,而98种期刊或多或少地存在不规范之处.对存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了改进建议.     

Scoring research output using statistical quantile plotting

In this paper, we propose two methods for scoring scientific output based on statistical quantile plotting. First, a rescaling of journal impact factors for scoring scientific output on a macro level is proposed. It is based on normal quantile plotting which allows to transform impact data over several subject categories to a standardized distribution. This can be used in comparing scientific output of larger entities such as departments working in quite different areas of research. Next, as an alternative to the Hirsch index [Hirsch, J.E. (2005). An index to quantify an individuals scientific research output. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(46), 16569–16572], the extreme value index is proposed as an indicator for assessment of the research performance of individual scientists. In case of Lotkaian–Zipf–Pareto behaviour of citation counts of an individual, the extreme value index can be interpreted as the slope in a Pareto–Zipf quantile plot. This index, in contrast to the Hirsch index, is not influenced by the number of publications but stresses the decay of the statistical tail of citation counts. It appears to be much less sensitive to the science field than the Hirsch index.     

An experimental cancer information service using AIM-TWX

The Pacific Northwest Regional Health Sciences Library and the Washington/Alaska Regional Medical Program jointly conducted a service to provide photocopies of articles on cancer topics within twenty-four hours after receiving telephone requests for information from Central Washington physicians. AIM-TWX was utilized as the initial source of references whenever possible, and its benefit as such was evaluated. In the three-month experimental period, twenty-seven requesters made fifty-six requests and received photocopies of 185 articles; the estimated total cost was $1,000, less than $18 per request.A sample of requests showed AIM-TWX to have reduced the total work time per search; moreover, when it was used, AIM-TWX retrieved more than 70% of the articles selected to be sent. Physician response indicated that the service was both needed and appreciated. Further investigation by a similar information service is suggested.