Dependence of Nanocrystalline Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties in Fe 25 Ni 75 on Ball Milling Time

ａｎｄ Ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃ Ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓ ｉｎ Ｆｅ＿（２５）Ｎｉ＿（７５） ｏｎ Ｂａｌｌ Ｍｉｌｌｉｎｇ ＴｉｍｅTX１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｔｈａｔｎａｎｏｃｒｙｓｔａｌｉｎｅｍａｔｅｒｉ...     

Magnetic anisotropy of mechanically alloyed Fe25Ni75 nanocrystallites

The magnetic anisotropy of Fe₂₅Ni₇₅ nanocrystallites in the range of 10∼20 nm was measured by the law of approach to saturation. The samples were prepared by mechanical alloying process, and the average crystal size was determined by X-ray diffraction. The effective magnetic anisotropy of these fine particles is found In an order of 10⁶ erg/cm³ that is much greater than that of normal crystal size of particles. The dependence of magnetic anisotropy on the particle size was studied. It has been demonstrated that the strain anisotropy occupies the most of the total magnetic anisotropy, and the internal strain is a critical factor for their magnetic properties. Supported by the Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Education (807965)     

Fe-Ni系列合金超细粉末的磁性和有效磁各向异性常数

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　Ｆｅ Ｎｉａｌｌｏｙｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄａｓｓｏｆｔｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｆｏｒａｌｏｎｇｔｉｍｅ .Ｉｔｓｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｓｉｎｉｔｉａｌｐｅｒｍｅ ａｂｉｌｉｔｙμｉａｎｄｃｏｅｒｃｉｖｉｔｙｆｏｒｃｅＨｃｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｔｒｏｎｇｌｙｏｎｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｌｉｋｅｑｕｅｎｃｈｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ .Ａｓｕｌｔｒａｆｉｎｅｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｉｓｒｅｖｅａｌｅｄｒ…     

Structure and Magnetic Propoerty of Amorphous Fe—Ni Particles prepared by Mechanical Alloying

The amorphous Fe67.5 alloy particles have been prepared by mechanical alloying(MA) process of elemental powders.The crystallization is observed at temperature around 405℃ by means of differential thermal analyzer,It is found that the coercivity Hc and the effective magnetic anisotropy value of amorphous phase are not far from that of crystal phase.The magnetization behavior of amorphous and nanocrystalline samples prepared by mechanical alloying and milling process are quite similar,they obey 1/H law at middle-high field and 1/H^2 at higher field.The 1/H field dependence is attributed to a large number of dislocations created during MA process.The studies on the 1/H^2 field dependence reveals that magnetization of Fe-Ni ultrafine particles are governed predominantly by internal stress fields induced by MA process.     

Structure and Magnetic Properties of Fe1-xCx Solid Solution Prepared by Mechanical Alloying

Supersaturated solid solutions Fe1-xCx （0≤x≤0.9 ） of wide composition range have been prepared by mechanical alloying process. Nanocrystalline phase was formed for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.67 and a large grain phase for 0.75 ≤ x ≤ 0.9. The large fraction of graphite volume puts off formation of nanocrystalline phase for high carbon content. In the large grain phase, magnetization follows simple magnetic dilution, and eoereivity He is mainly due to dissolution of carbon at grain boundaries. In the nanocrystalline phase the alloying effect of carbon is revealed by a distinct reduction of average magnetic moment. The increasing lattice constant with increasing carbon content is observed for x ≤ 0.5, suggesting that the high carbon concentration may enhance diffusion of carbon into the Fe lattice. It shows a discontinuity in the Hc variation with a grain size D of nanocrystalline phase. For small grain D below the critical value, Hc increases with D. For a large grain D, Hc decreases with increasing D. The solubility limit of carbon in a-Fe extended by nanocry- stalline phase formation is discussed.     

Curie temperature of the intergranular amorphous phase in nanocrystalline Fe89Zr7B4 alloy

１　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ＦｅｒｉｃｈｎａｎｏｃｒｙｓｔａｌｌｉｎｅＦｅＺｒＢａｌｌｏｙｓｓｉｍｕｌｔａｎｅｏｕｓｌｙｓｈｏｗｇｏｏｄｓｏｆｔｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｎｄｌａｒｇｅｓａｔｕｒａｔｉｏｎｍａｇｎｅｔｉｚａｔｉｏｎ［１,２］．Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｍａｉｎｌｙｔｗｏｐｈａｓｅｓｉｎｔｈｅａｌｌｏｙｓｗｉｔｈｏｐｔｉｍｕｍｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓ：ａｎａｎｏｃｒｙｓｔａｌｌｉｎｅαＦｅｐｈａｓｅａｎｄａｎｉｎｔｅｒｇｒａｎｕｌａｒａｍｏｒｐｈｏｕｓｐｈａｓ…     

Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Fe60Cr40 Powders Prepared by Mechanical Alloying in Vacuum and Air

Magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Fe60 Cr40 powders prepared by mechanical alloying in vacuum and air were investigated by utilizing the measurements of magnetization, X-ray diffraction, and ^67Fe M（oe）ssbauer spectrum. The results show that the Fe60 Cr40 powders keep the bcc structure during milling in air and vacuum. The saturation magnetization of the Fe60 Cr40 powders milled in vacuum and air decreases with the increase of the milling time up to 45 h. The decrease of saturation magnetization of the Fe60Cr40 powders milled in vacuum is due to the formation of Fe-Cr solid solution, while in air it is due to the formation of paramagnetic disorder structure and solid solution.     

机械合金法合成Fe25Ni75超细粉末的磁各向异性常数的研究

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ＵｌｔｒａｆｉｎｅｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｏｆｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｓｕｃｈａｓＦｅ,Ｃｏ,Ｎｉａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒａｌｌｏｙｓｈａｖｅｔｈｅｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｒｅｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ,ｆｅｒｒｏｆｌｕｉｄｓ,ｍｅｄｉｃａｌｄｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃｅｔｃ..Ｔｈｅｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｆｉｎｅｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｄｉｆｆｅｒｍａｇｎｉｆｉｃｅｎｔｌｙｆｒｏｍｔｈｏｓｅｏｆｌａｒｇｅｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔ…     

V2O5-CaCo3-Nb2O5掺杂对低损耗功率Mn-Zn铁氧体的影响

Effect of the content of dopants in the manganese-zinc ferrites on the low power loss is studied by measuring magnetic properties and observing the grain boundary structures. The Mn0.738Zn0.206Fe2.066O4 composition powders were prepared by using conventional ceramic powder processing technique. The microstructure of grain boundary was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. It has been found that power loss is greatly dependent upon the content of the additives.     

在室温和常压下用机械合金化方法制备Fe5C2金属间化合物

Single phase Fe5C2 intermetallic compound was prepared by mechanical alloying method. The phase and crystal structure of sample were analyzed with X-ray differaction spectrum. The decomposing temperature of the Fe5C2 compound is 596.4℃ determined by the DSC curve. It is further shown that the size of nanometer crystal grain is an important condition for carrying out the solid state reaction at room temperature and normal pressure.     

Structure and magnetic properties of Fe73.5Ag1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy

The magnetic properties of as-quenched and annealed Fe_73.5Ag₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ alloys were investigated. X-ray diffraction was used to monitor the structure changes of the samples under different annealing temperatures. It was found that by Cu addition, the crystallization temperature T _x1 of Fe-Nb-Si-B alloy is decreased, whereas by Ag addition, the T _x1 is increased. A small amount of α-Fe and Ag were obtained after the sample was annealed at 500°C for 1 h. With increasing the annealing temperature, Fe₂₃B₆, Fe₂B, Fe₃B were separated out and magnetic properties of the samples were impaired quickly. A mostly single nanocrystalline grain of a-Fe phase could not be obtained in the annealed samples.     

果胶@生物炭-Fe3O4的制备及其对Cu2+的吸附性能

以木屑为原料,高温热解制备生物炭。以聚乙烯醇为粘结剂,采用混合法将生物炭与果胶复合,并负载磁性,经烘干定型制备果胶包覆的磁性生物炭材料（果胶@生物炭-Fe₃O₄）。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）及N₂吸附-脱附（BET）等方法对果胶@生物炭-Fe₃O₄进行表征,结合吸附实验分析其对Cu²⁺的吸附特性。结果表明,当生物炭、果胶、Fe₃O₄质量比为5：1：1,溶液pH值为6,吸附24 h,果胶@生物炭-Fe₃O₄对Cu²⁺吸附效果最好;二级动力学方程能较好地描述果胶@生物炭-Fe₃O₄对Cu²⁺的吸附过程,Freundlich模型能较好地拟合其吸附行为;SEM结果显示该材料具有不规则的孔隙结构;XRD分析显示纳米Fe₃O₄是其主要的晶体结构;BET测得其比表面积为25.654 m²·g^-1,平均孔径为20.18 nm。     

Effects of La^3＋on microwave dielectric properties of（Pb0.5Ca0.5）（Fe0.5Ta0.5）O3ceramics

This work investigated the microwave dielectric properties of A-site substitution by rare earth La3+in(Pb0.5Ca0.5)(Fe0.5Ta0.5)O3(PCFT) system.A single perovskite phase was obtained only when the doping content was 2%.Suitable La3+ doping improved microwave dielectric performances.Excessive La3+doping caused the formation of secondary phase,which resulted in the decreasing of permittivity εrand quality factor Qfvalues.Especially,when the doping content is 2%-5%,permittivity εrwas above 75 and Qfvalues were 6...     

柠檬酸含量对溶胶凝胶自燃烧法制备的钡铁氧体磁性能的影响

BaFe12O19 powders with nanocrystaUine sizes were produced by sol-gel auto-combustion method. The precursors were prepared under the molar ratios of citric acid to the metal nitrate of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. Appropriate ethylene diamine （C2H8N2） was added in order to adjust pH of 7. The ions distribution of citric acid at different pH explains the effect of citric acid in the starting solution. The XRD patterns of the as-burnt powders and annealing powders show different phases for different citric acid content. In addition, the lattice constants （a, c） derived from X-ray diffraction pattern were changed from 0.58881 nm to 0.58997 nm and 2.32057 nm to 2.32296 nm respectively. The data from VSM indicated that the powder with high citric acid content took on good magnetic properties. Pure single BaFe12O19 of the specific maximum magnetization M（1 T）≈ 49.73 Am^2/kg, the specific remanent magnetization Mr ≈ 30.77 Am^2/kg and the coercive force He≈ 467 kA/m was produced when the molar ratios of citric acid to the metal nitrate was 1.5.     

Syntheses and characterizations of alloyed Co<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Ni<Subscript>1−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>O nanocrystals

Alloying is an effective way to manipulate the composition and physico-chemical properties of functional materials. We demonstrated the syntheses of alloyed Co _x Ni_1?x O nanocrystals using a nonaqueous approach, with x continuously tuned from 0 to 1 by varying the molar ratios of the cobalt precursor in the reagents. The morphological, structural, and compositional properties of the alloyed Co _x Ni_1?x O nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the cobalt and nickel atoms were homogeneously distributed in the alloyed nanocrystals. The as-prepared Co _x Ni_1?x O nanocrystals can be applied as the hole-transporting layers in polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs). Our study provides a good example for the syntheses of alloyed oxide nanocrystals with continuously tunable composition.     

Synthesis and characterization of magnetic ZSM-5 zeolite

In order to separate ZSM-5 zeolite powders from solution easily, a series of magnetic ZSM-5 zeolites were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis with the addition of magnetic Fe3O4 panicles during the crystalline process. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, infrared （IR） spectrum, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, specific surface area, magnetic susceptibility and adsorption capability. It was found that the magnetic ZSM-5 zeolites had good magnetism and the magnetic susceptibility increased with the increasing amount of Fe3O4 panicles. Compared with the pure ZSM-5 zeolite, the adsorption capability of magnetic ZSM-5 zeolites was acceptable. When the magnetic zeolites were used to adsorb Pb^2＋ from solution, the magnetic zeolite powder could be conveniently separated with magnetic separation technology.     

超细六角铁酸钡的分散与磁场下成型研究

本文采用溶胶凝胶自燃烧法制备了粒径在200~300nm的单相六角铁酸钡粉体,并对其进行球磨,外加PEG-20000为分散剂,调节料浆的pH值等手段对六角铁酸钡磁性颗粒进行分散,研究表明球磨过程中磁性颗粒经历了团聚后打开,然后有形成诸如磁链、磁环等磁结构的过程。对六角铁酸钡进行干压（未加磁场和加磁场）以及磁场下悬浮-沉降等工艺成型,经过压力和磁场的作用得到的块材沿易磁化方向具有一定的取向。磁性测试结果表明：球磨前后的粉体比磁化强度（1.5T）从40.3emu/g上升到了51.5emu/g,这个数值接近铁酸钡单晶磁化强度,矫顽力从4.1kOe小幅度提高到4.3kOe。悬浮-沉降成型比磁化强度（1.0T）就达到了48.4emu/g,而矫顽力有明显下降。     

Studies on characteristics of nanostructure of N-TiO2 thin films and photo-bactericidal action

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain （AS 1.50） and Bacillus subtilis strain （AS 1.439） from Ming lake were decomposed by photocatalytic nanostructure N-TiO2 thin films in a photo-reactor under UV irradiation. The different thickness nanostructure N-TiO2 thin films coated on mesh grid were prepared by sol-gel method and immobilized at 500 ℃ （films A） or 350 ℃ （films B） for 1 h in a muffle furnace. The results showed that N-TiO2 thin film B （8.18 nm thickness, 2.760 nm height and 25.15 nm diameter） has more uniform granular nanostructure and thinner flat texture than N-TiO2 thin film A （12.17 nm thickness, 3.578 nm height and 27.50 nm diameter）. The bactericidal action of N-TiO2 thin film A and film B for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain （AS 1.50） and Bacillus subtilis varniger strain （AS1.439） were investigated in this work. More than 95% of photocatalytic bactericidal efficiency for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain （AS 1.50） and 75% for Bacillus subtilis strain （AS 1.439） were achieved by using N-TiO2 thin films-B for 70-80 rain of irradiation during the photo-bactericidal experimental process. The results indicated that the photo-induced bactericidal efficiency of N-TiO2 thin films probably depended on the characteristics of the films.     

水解沉淀法制备纳米TiO2及其表征

以TiOSO4为原料制备纳米TiO2 并对其进行XRD、BET、TEM研究 .结果表明 ,pH值与热处理温度对晶粒大小及晶型结构有很大影响 .在 5 0 0℃热处理条件下 ,pH =5时的纳米粉末比表面积为 10 1.3 9m2 ·g-1,粒径 10nm左右 ;pH =10时的纳米粉末比表面积为 95 .48m2 ·g-1,粒径 3 0nm左右 .在 75 0℃时的金红石晶型转变对粒径的长大有很大的促进作用 .     

La0.9MnO3钙钛矿纳米颗粒的尺寸效应和磁热效应

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备不同粒径的La缺位La0.9MnO3钙钛矿氧化物.用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、振动样品磁强计对材料的晶体结构、微结构、磁性和磁热效应进行了研究.结果表明,不同温度下退火(700oC~1100oC)的样品均具有菱形钙钛矿结构.退火温度从700oC增加到1100oC,样品的平均晶粒大小从25 nm增加到1000 nm.随着晶粒大小的增加,材料在低温的饱和磁化强度逐渐增强,铁磁到顺磁的相变变得陡峭,从而使材料的磁熵变逐渐增加.当材料的晶粒尺寸大于500 nm时,材料的磁熵变趋于稳定(-2.7 J/kg·K).