提高现场焊件维氏硬度数据的准确性

维氏硬度试验是静态硬度试验中最精确的一种试验方法,但实际操作中易受到多种因素的影响,使试验结果产生偏差,我们分析了影响维氏硬度试验的主要因素并研究了这些因素对维氏硬度数值的变化影响,要求试验人员严格执行（淦属材料维氏硬度试验第1部分：试验方法》（GB／T4340．1—2009）的规定,尽可能减少试验误差,提高维氏硬度数据的准确性。     

四类人应少吃桃子

福建省第二人民医院中医外科主任肖定远提醒,吃桃子易上火,爱口干、口渴、咽喉疼痛等上火症状困扰的市民,最好少吃或不吃桃子,多吃了严重的还会身上起疮。另外,有些人吃桃子还会过敏,因为桃     

激素配比及培养基硬度对银白杨组培苗发根情况的影响

银白杨试管苗愈伤组织的分化方向主要受细胞分裂素与萘乙酸（6－BA／NAA）比值影响;培养基硬度是决定银白杨试管苗根系生长发育速度的主导因素之一。试验结果表明：生根培养过程,激素配比为细胞分裂素（6－BA）0．15mg/l,萘乙酸（NAA）0．30mg/l时,试管苗发根早且根系发达;生根培养过程中,当培养基硬度适中即琼脂含量为6g/l时,对苗木根系发育最为有利。     

水果连连看

你玩过连连看游戏吗?快开动脑筋,用线将图1中相同的水果连起来吧,注意只能在方框内画线,且连线不能相交。答案解析观察图1中3种水果所在的位置,可以发现,连接两个桃子的线看似最容易画,却是最关键的,如果用直线将两个桃子相连,那这条线必定会与牛油果、柠檬的连线相交,因此连接两个桃子只能用曲线。     

孩子，你才是自己最好的疗愈师

正刘老师:我班上有一个女生每晚无故睡不着,经常在晚上哭泣,上课精神状态也不好。我担心这个女生得了抑郁症,您可以找这个女生聊聊吗?初一某班班主任桃子收到这条短信后,我与潘老师商定,由我对学生进行疏导。我让桃子带那个女生来我的办公室。不一会儿,她领来了一个神色黯淡的女生。桃子向女生介绍我是刘老师,她很有礼貌地向我打了声招呼。     

预防伤害 靠道德和知识——从一桩案件谈起

据《曲靖日报》载，某村的几个农民，下地返回途中，见果园中的桃子成熟，顺手摘了解馋。自食之外，还带回家给老父母和子女。他们以为占了便宜，没曾想却头晕脑胀、上吐下泻、肚腹疼痛，不得不请医求治。虽保住了性命，却误工费时，花掉大笔医药费。医院化验证实，他们吃的桃子上沾染了剧毒农药甲胺磷。桃子不会自己长农药，药物肯定是果园经营者喷洒的。医生告诉他们，     

盐的妙用

盐水除桃毛;桃子表面的细毛较难洗掉,若将少许食盐加入冷开水中.将鲜桃放入,再用手轻抹,桃子细毛便会脱掉。 盐水洗蔬菜:蔬菜叶上常会残留小虫,洗起来麻烦。将菜先放在盐水里浸泡一会,然后冲洗,就     

开水沸腾多长时间好？

水的硬度,即水碱、水垢,是指水中的钙、镁、铁、铝、锰等碳酸盐以及重碳酸盐、氯化物、硫酸盐及硝酸盐等所有的盐类,并含有汞、镉、铅、砷等有害物质。水的硬度单位通常是将水中的全部盐类换算为碳酸钙来计量（毫克／升）的。     

罐头食品:风险与机遇同在

今年夏天的北京,桃子便宜得惊人,买的人高兴,卖的人也眉飞色舞.这时候有人让你买桃罐头,你准不乐意:放着新鲜的不吃,干吗吃罐头?过了桃子的旺季,你总该买了吧?可人们又改吃别的新鲜水果了.真让罐头厂家为难.     

EDTA滴定法测定水中总硬度的几点体会

在环境监测分析中,总硬度为常规分析项目。测定地下水和地表水中的总硬度,一般常用EDTA滴定法（G87477—87）,该法虽具仪器价廉、步骤简单、操作方便、准确可靠的优点,但就其某些操作而言,尚有待进一步完善。为此,特在日常例行监测实践中,对具体操作中的有些问题留心探索,并进行对比试验,得出了较为可靠的分析结果。     

Cardiac indexes, cardiac damage biomarkers and energy expenditure in professional cyclists during the Giro d'Italia 3-weeks stage race

Introduction

The study of cardiac response to strenuous and continuous exercise is crucial to understanding the physiology of endurance. N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a potential marker for monitoring myocardial wall stress, and troponins (TnT and TnI) are widely used in the diagnosis of cardiac ischemia and infarction. Strenuous exercise may generate transitory ischemia, myocardial stress, and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction, inducing the increased production of both these biomarkers. We measured changes in NT-proBNP and TnT in elite cyclists during a 3-week stage race, a model of strenuous exercise.

Materials and methods:

The study population was 9 professional cyclists participating in the 2011 Giro d’Italia. Pre-analytical and analytical phases scrupulously followed official recommendations. Anthropometric data, net energy expenditure and cardiac indexes (rate, diastolic and systolic blood pressure) were recorded. Blood samples were drawn pre-race (day −1) and at days 12 and 22; NT-proBNP and highly sensitive-troponin (Hs-TnT) concentrations were assayed and corrected for plasma volume changes.

Results:

Body-mass index decreased and energy expenditure increased by 52% during the race. NT-proBNP concentrations increased [day −1: 23.52 ng/L (9.67–34.33); day 12: 63.46 ng/L (22.15–93.31); P = 0.039; day 22: 89.26 ng/L (34.66–129.78) vs. day −1; P < 0.001] and correlated with heart rate (r = −0.51; P = 0.006), systolic pressure (r = 0.39; P = 0.046) and energy expenditure (r = 0.70; P < 0.001). TnT concentrations did not vary, but a widened TnT amplitude distribution was observed.

Conclusions:

Increases in NT-proBNP correlated with higher energy expenditure over a 3-week cycling stage race, possibly indicating myocardial stress.     

真空注入对鲜切黄桃冷冻品质的影响

采用真空注入技术,对高甲氧基果胶(HMP)、蜂蜜和乳酸钙(LC)对鲜切黄桃的理化性质和色泽、以及对冰冻黄桃的硬度和解冻后汁液流失的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明,在真空度50 mmHg下15 min,随之常压下30 min的试验条件下,与对照组比较,鲜切黄桃真空注入后的硬度增加;冰冻黄桃解冻后汁液流失下降。20%蜂蜜 6%LC的注入液对黄桃品质改善效果最好。     

Systematic Differences Between Total and Free Prostate-Specific Antigen Immunoassays: Comparison Using Passing and Bablok Regression

Recent studies have shown that there are systematic differences among total and free prostate-specificantigen (PSA) immunoassays. In this study we analyzedintermethod differences in total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA(fPSA) measurement using ARCHITECT i2000SR (Abbott Diagnostics) and COBAS E601 (Roche Diagnostics). A number of 160 blood samples were tested for tPSA and 50 samples for fPSA (selecting only sampleswith tPSA: 4.1–10.0 μg/L). Passing–Bablok regression analysis was used to compare the two analytical methods fortPSA, fPSA and percentage of fPSA (%fPSA). A strong correlation was noticed between ARCHITECT i2000SR and COBAS E601 for tPSA, fPSA and %fPSA (r between 0.94 and 0.99). Concentrations of tPSA and fPSA measured by COBAS E601 were higher thanthose measured by ARCHITECT i2000SR with a bias of 0.8 μg/L for tPSA and 0.14 μg/L for fPSA. Analyzing therelative difference between methods for fPSA and %fPSA, COBAS E601 exceed a 10% relative difference limit. Our study confirms that there are differences in measured concentrations of tPSA and fPSA byvarious commercial methods. Because clinical judgment on subsequent diagnostic procedures, such as prostatebiopsy, is based on tPSA and fPSA results, tests harmonization should be a priority.     

国产四种绢藓属植物的核型研究

 国产苔藓植物的核型研究，目前尚未见到任何报道。本文对中国产绢藓属4种植物进行了核型研究。观察了配子体有丝分裂中期的染色体和异染色体。4种植物的染色体数目均为11。钝叶绢藓(E．obtusatus)，密叶绢藓(E．compressus)，东亚绢藓(E．okamurae)，的核型公式为K(n)=11＝2V(H)+2J+6(4v+2i)+m(h)，陕西绢藓(E.giraldii)为K(n)＝11＝2V(H)+V+2J+5(3v+2i)+m(h)．4种植物的核型均为首次报道。     

氟化磷酸铟的合成与表征

以尿素与氯化胆碱的低共熔点液体同时兼做溶剂和模板传递剂,在离子热体系下合成了InF2 2(NH4)3.采用同样的低共熔点液体在水热条件下不能得到相同的产物.产物晶体参数如下:C2/c(No.15)空间群,a=13.799(3) ,b=5.091(2) ,c=16.094(3) , β=112.942(16)°,V=1041.2(5) 3 and Z=4; R1=0.0582,wR2=0.1589. 在产物结构中,In八面体与P四面体形成四员环,顶角相连形成链状结构.客体铵分子填充于链与链间的空穴中,通过氢键与骨架中的F原子,P—OH和 P O 基团作用,链与链间靠范德华力吸引进而形成层状结构.产物进一步通过粉末XR, EDX, IR, XPS和TG/DTA进行表征.     

危岩崩塌运动轨迹特征的Rockfall数值模拟研究

运用Rockfall数值模拟软件,对危岩体的稳定性进行了分析,通过设定危岩体的法向恢复系数、切向恢复系数和动摩擦系数等参数,绘制出危岩体的运动轨迹、能量分布和弹跳高度数值模拟图,为指导防护体系的结构设计、确保防治效果提供了依据。     

Solving the Tacking Problem with Contrast Classes

The traditional Bayesian qualitative account of evidential support(TB) takes assertions of the form ‘E evidentially supportsH’ to affirm the existence of a two-place relation ofevidential support between E and H. The analysans given forthis relation is C(H,E) =_def Pr(H|E) > Pr(H). Now it is wellknown that when a hypothesis H entails evidence E, not onlyis it the case that C(H,E), but it is also the case that C(H&X,E)for any arbitrary X. There is a widespread feeling that thisis a problematic result for TB. Indeed, there are a number ofcases in which many feel it is false to assert ‘E evidentiallysupports H&X’, despite H entailing E. This is known,by those who share that feeling, as the ‘tacking problem’for Bayesian confirmation theory. After outlining a generalizationof the problem, I argue that the Bayesian response has so farbeen unsatisfactory. I then argue the following: (i) There exists,either instead of, or in addition to, a two-place relation ofconfirmation, a three-place, ‘contrastive’ relationof confirmation, holding between an item of evidence E and twocompeting hypotheses H₁ and H₂. (ii) The correct analysans ofthe relation is a particular probabilistic inequality, abbreviatedC(H₁, H_2, E). (iii) Those who take the putative counterexamplesto TB discussed to indeed be counterexamples are interpretingthe relevant utterances as implicitly contrastive, contrastingthe relevant hypothesis H₁ with a particular competitor H₂.(iv) The probabilistic structure of these cases is such thatC(H₁, H₂, E). This solves my generalization of the tacking problem.I then conclude with some thoughts about the relationship betweenthe traditional Bayesian account of evidential support and myproposed account of the three-place relation of confirmation.

1 The ‘tacking problem’ and the traditional Bayesianresponse

2 Contrastive support

3 Concluding comments

     

常曲率空间中的紧致正曲率子流形

本文证明了常曲率空间中具有平行曲率向量的紧致正曲率子流形M^n,当r=n(n-1)(c H^2)时,M^n是全脐常曲率子流形。