Preadolescent perceptions of challenging and difficult course activities and their motivational distinctions

The present research sought to determine if primary school students differentiate between classes that are challenging and those that are difficult, and how these distinctions relate to their motivation and achievement. Results indicated that there are three types of challenges/difficulties. Challenging classes are those that are demanding of the students but within their ability, are important and are tied to interests; students in these classes are more likely to adopt mastery goal orientations. Purely difficult classes are not valued, require a lot of effort, but are threatening to students’ efficacy. Classes that are difficult compared to others are those that are more demanding for the student than other students or other classes. These classes are not valued and are also seen as a threat to efficacy. Both purely difficult and difficult compared to others classes were negatively related to achievement, and students in these classes are more likely to adopt performance avoidance goal orientations.     

元伯与东坡——启功先生追思随笔

启功与东坡在很多方面具有相似性。他们都是诗人,诗作特立独行、幽默诙谐,都是各自时代背景里的诗词改革家;他们都是大学者,精通相关学科的学问,将杂家之学推向极致;他们都是大书画家,在书画造诣上都雄踞不同历史阶段的顶峰,都是书法史上里程碑式的代表人物,是集写家与理论家于一身的全才;他们都是教育家,教育理念、态度和方法有孔子之遗风;他们都具有高尚的品格,仁者爱人、热爱生活。他们是悠久的文化传统中的星座,我们在仰视他们的时候感到的是格外的明亮和永恒。     

生源地助学贷款:现状、问题与前景

生源地助学贷款作为大学贫困生资助项目之一．几年前已经在部分省市开始实施。目前的实施现状可以概括为三点：步伐不一、内容各异；规定单一、创新不足；影响较大、仍需完善。当前生源地助学贷款面临的困境是地方金融机构正面临体制改革、生源地助学贷款的运行环境不充分和实施环节尚不完善。生源地助学贷款的进一步开展需要在其角色定位、政策的因地制宜和厘清政府作用三个方面入手考虑。     

浦北县白石水麻佬话同音字汇

古全浊声母今读塞音塞擦音时84％读送气清音,少数帮端精见母字也读送气清音。果摄不论开合主要读[u],少部分字读[a]。遇摄主要读[ei],遇合三鱼的庄组字读[u]。止摄主要读[οi],成深摄少数字、曾摄相当部分字、梗摄细音读舌尖中音韵尾。同音字汇收字3900个。     

试论黄石滩水库导流洞开挖中的两个地质工程问题

论述了黄石滩水库导流洞开挖中的两个地质工程问题。阐述了在具体地质环境条件下,形成这些问题的自然地质原因,分析了主观认识上的不足,相应设计与施工组织方面的失误。进一步剖析了地质工程的基本观点,总结了经验教训,提出了避免类似问题的原则意见。     

对高校实验课程变化及特征的思考

高校实验课程变化在于教材编置更加灵活,摆脱了为理论课服务的束缚,内容更新与门类数量增加,实验教学日益成为评价高校的重要内容,综合性、设计性实验的发展。课程变化后的特征是对学生全面发展教育的功能得到了加强,内容与方法选择上注重了在现实领域基础上与培养目标的整合,具有了更多的发展性。     

Nirvana beyond Trauma ——Psychoanalysis on Beloved

All characters are traumatized by the hardships of slavery. Some are ruined; some are passive; some are surviving; some are purgatorial and struggling with innumerous trials and hardships like Sethe and some are vengeful like Beloved. The thesis will focus on the latter by brief contrast of the former.     

从电磁场的统一性认识感应电动势

变化的电场和磁场是相互联系不可分割的，它们组成一个统一的电磁场；感生电动势和动生电动势是电场在导体回路内所产生的感应电动势的两个组成部分。在彼此相对运动的两个不同坐标系内，电场和磁场是相对的，感生电动势和动生电动势也是相对的；在一定条件下，电场和磁场是等价的，感生电动势和动生电动势也是等价的。     

略论曹植诗歌的结构——兼与曹操比较

曹植诗歌的结构有一脉贯注、万流同源、层波逆澜、虚实相生、辘轳体等类型,体现出绪密思清的特征,这除了和五言古诗抒情言志功能发展的日益成熟有关以外,也和曹植率真、单纯的性格有关。曹操的诗歌则呈现出随意散漫的结构特征,恰如其通脱的思想作风。     

廉州话概说

廉州话是合浦县的主体方言,也是粤语钦廉片的两个代表之一。主要语音特点是：古全浊声母今读塞音、塞擦音的85%送气,15%不送气。心母94%读边擦音。古清音去声合并于古浊音平声,归阳平。浊入声调高化,54%合并于清入。同音字汇收字4千个,词语举例收常用词语155条,语法例句55条。