教育回报率的家庭背景差异

教育回报率的家庭背景差异直接影响到个人教育决策和社会收入分配.有关教育回报率家庭背景差异的经验研究非常少,特别是来自中国的经验证据.本文提出,在传统社会走向现代社会以及经济转轨的背景下,由于劳动力市场不完善,高家庭背景子女的教育回报率仍然会高于低家庭背景子女的教育回报率.基于2008年中国综合社会调查(CGSS2008)数据库中劳动力市场样本,以父亲受教育程度、职业地位和政治面貌度量家庭背景,本文分组回归不同家庭背景子女的教育回报率,并且从更换代理变量、删除和拆分样本方面进行稳健性检验.研究最终证实了高家庭背景子女的教育回报率高于低家庭背景子女教育回报率.     

欧洲人力资本收益率:文献综述

本文对欧洲十五个国家近期人力资本收益率的研究方法和成果进行了评述,包括数据采编、模型构建、变量定义与控制、估计工具选择以及对人力资本收益率的定性评价等,希望能对我国人力资本收益率研究有重要的借鉴和参考价值。     

Perceived Rates of Return to Higher Education: an international review and comparison

The present paper attempts to assess the link between economic factors and the private demand for higher education through an investigation of the findings of relevant studies. After an examination of the various methodologies adopted by different authors in the estimation of the perceived rate of return to higher education, the main findings of available studies conducted in several countries (UK, the Philippines, Egypt, Hong Kong, and Cyprus) are discussed and compared. The main conclusions drawn from this comparison are the following: First, the perceived rates of return to higher education are, for the most part, very realistic, indicating an accurate perception of the economic benefits of higher education on the part of students. Second, non‐economic factors, such as gender, ability and socio‐economic background, appear to constitute strong influences on the private demand for higher education, which educational policy makers should take into account, along with the economic variables. Finally, it is suggested that the methodology discussed in the present paper can be used in the future to estimate the perceived profitability of higher studies at different institutions and countries offering higher education.     

家庭背景对教育收益率影响的研究综述

根据科尔曼的家庭资本理论,本文将家庭背景分为家庭经济资本、家庭人力资本和家庭社会资本,以此综述了已有研究中三者对教育收益率的影响。通过对已有文献的回顾,发现家庭经济资本、家庭人力资本和家庭社会资本对子女教育收益率均有显著的影响,同时,所用的教育收益率多指平均教育收益率,少有研究探讨家庭背景对教育收益率影响的作用机制。因此,在未来研究中,需更深入地、分教育阶段地讨论家庭背景对教育收益率的影响,并探讨其影响的作用机制。     

现代远程教育对终身教育的作用

一、现代远程教育是构建终身教育体系的脊梁 现代远程教育是以计算机、卫星电视和电信三大通信网络为基础的,师生在时间和空间上处于分离的,以学生自主学习为主的教育活动。现代远程教育是在以函授教育为代表的第一代远程教育和以广播电视教育为代表的第二代远程教育基础上发展起来的第三代远程教育。现代远程教育自身独特的特点和优势,使其成为构建终身教育体系的主要手段。其高度的开放性、良好的交互性、彻底的自主性、广阔的网络性等特点,从根本上改变了传统教学的种种弊端,突破了传统教育的时空局限,激发了学生学习的主动性和创…     

课程本体:从符号研究回归符号实践

基础教育课程中诸多问题的根源在于对课程本质的认识局限于符号研究课程本体。符号研究课程本体注重把握符号自身的形式 ,脱离生活 ,脱离实际 ,忽视学生学习的自主性 ,是一种师本教育。它造成非实用课程的扩张和单向传输性教学的发生 ,导致课程实施低效和教育资源浪费。符号实践课程本体拒绝无意义的形而上重复 ,把指向生活实际作为符号使用实践的最终取向 ,体现了符号与人的和谐关系 ,有利于形成个性化的符号文化 ,保证学生自主学习的时间和空间 ,是一种生本教育。它有利于提高教育质量和效率。揭示符号研究课程本体和符号实践课程本体的机理 ,真正实现由前者向后者的回归 ,是深入进行课程改革的关键。     

从终身教育到终身学习:国际成人教育观念的根本性变革

“终身学习”已成为当前国际成人教育领域的一项重要议题;从“终身教育”到“终身学习”的转变代表了成人教育发展观念的一次根本性变革。后现代知识观为这一变革提供了内部逻辑需求;全球化过程的持续推进则为这一变革提供了外部动力。     

知识经济和终身学习

2 1世纪是知识经济的时代。文章从知识经济的概念和特点出发 ,就知识经济时代的终身学习作一些探讨。     

从终身教育到终身学习的三重分析——以欧洲终身学习领域为背景

在欧洲终身学习领域为背景下,该文从三个方面分析终身教育话语被终身学习话语取代的趋势。导致这一趋势的直接原因是欧洲各国及国际组织对终身学习政策的推广,而更为深层的原因是社会各个层面的“变化”。第三个方面的原因是这些变化在社会维度、组织维度和个体维度作为文化因素的“自反性”和“灵活性”;最后,该文对这两个概念转变产生的一些问题进行反思。     

终身教育论略

终身教育这一理念已经在全世界范围内提出和研究。本文则是从终身教育的理论价值和现实意义出发。除了从传统的教育学和心理学视角着手,还运用经济学、人口学和社会学等学科理论全面探讨和研究终身教育。     

本世纪以来中国城镇居民教育收益率及其变化研究

本文使用国家统计局城镇住户调查数据,对本世纪以来中国城镇居民的教育收益率及其变化趋势进行估算。研究结果表明,近年来教育收益率并没有延续1990年代至2000年代中期快速增长的态势,而是逐渐趋于平稳,并有轻微的下降迹象。     

Museums: Using Keyworkers to Deliver Lifelong Learning

The article describes a major study of the activities of keyworkers (mediators between museums and their public) within the context of museums' contribution to lifelong learning and to overcoming cultural exclusion. Field studies were undertaken in the UK, Ireland and Sweden based upon live projects with keyworkers who were subsequently interviewed about their roles, professional development needs and attitudes. In the UK, the Victoria & Albert Museum's keyworkers comprised youth workers, in Sweden they were traffic wardens and taxi drivers, and the Irish Museum of Modern Art worked with a group of elderly adults. From these studies, the research was able to articulate key recommendations for developing museum policy on keyworkers to enhance adult learning in and through museums.     

Museums: Using Keyworkers to Deliver Lifelong Learning

The article describes a major study of the activities of keyworkers (mediators between museums and their public) within the context of museums' contribution to lifelong learning and to overcoming cultural exclusion. Field studies were undertaken in the UK, Ireland and Sweden based upon live projects with keyworkers who were subsequently interviewed about their roles, professional development needs and attitudes. In the UK, the Victoria & Albert Museum's keyworkers comprised youth workers, in Sweden they were traffic wardens and taxi drivers, and the Irish Museum of Modern Art worked with a group of elderly adults. From these studies, the research was able to articulate key recommendations for developing museum policy on keyworkers to enhance adult learning in and through museums.     

Lifelong Education: a duty to oneself?

ABSTRACT There is a strong pragmatic argument that in our times, dominated as they are by continuous change, one's education needs to be a lifelong process. But can another, different, argument be made that lifelong education is a moral duty everyone owes to oneself irrespective of any other pragmatic justijication? The answer evidently depends largely on whether the notion of a moral duty owed to oneself is an intelligible one. In effect, it turns out, on examination, to be very problematic. It is suggested rather that a moral duty to educate oneselffor life can be more coherently grounded in another different notion: one of membership in one's community regarded as a ‘learning society’.     

A Waste of Time? (Private Rates of Return to Higher Education in the 1990s)

Since 1990, there has been considerable debate concerning the benefits of the expansion of higher education and the appropriate way to fund such an expansion. This paper demonstrates that three factors are decisive to the individual contemplating higher education: national economic growth; the relative earnings of graduates and non-graduates; the difference between the average and the marginal student. The results, of analysis based on rates of return, reaffirm the view that a proportion of the costs involved in higher education can be transferred to the graduates themselves in the form of loans. However, there appear to be limits to the costs that can be transferred if all students are to judge that undergraduate study is a worthwhile proposition. Notwithstanding this, most students could be lent more income to study than is now the case and indeed an average student would be advised to take any loans despite the greater debt. Marginal students, however, are making a risky private investment and, therefore, any decisions to further expand may result in students not taking up the places.     

Mature Zionism: Education and the Scholarly Study of Israel

A new approach to Israel education has emerged to counteract what has been a tendency to romanticize Israel by avoiding criticism; it presumes that Israel engagement has much to offer a meaningful Jewish identity, but only when encountered critically, taking into account Israel’s many complexities. However, prevailing scholarly trends may not provide a clear stance on which to base critique and academic criticism may raise hard questions about the very idea of a Jewish and democratic state. This article addresses these concerns by offering a conceptual framework for scholarly study of Israel called “Mature Zionism” in which to ground a critical engagement with Israel that is genuinely educational.     

关于终身学习和学习型社会的几点认识

终身学习和学习型社会是以知识经济和信息化为基础的后工业化社会的产物。建设终身学习体系和学习型社会 ,要正确处理国民教育体系和终身学习体系的关系 ,要尊重中国国情 ,要完善有关政策和措施     

终身教育视角下个体发展的立体空间模式研究

从终身教育的视角来看个体的成长与发展过程,其中必定包含家庭教育、学校教育及社会教育三个维度,尽管这三个维度代表着不同的教育组织形式,而且发展方向也有着比较大的区别,但是,这三个维度却又有着共同的逻辑发展起点,即必定以个体自主教育意识与自主教育能力的培养为原始起点。终身教育视角下的个体成长与发展需要家庭教育、学校教育及社会教育的相互协调与有机整合,这是营造主体性教育氛围、激发个体的自主教育意识及最终培养创新型人才的必由之路。