中学生学业拖延现状的调查研究

学业拖延是指个体经常或几乎经常延迟学习任务,并且经常或者几乎经常经历与拖延有关的问题性焦虑的倾向。国外学者有关学业拖延的研究中,研究者大都选择大学生作为被试,没有涉及中小学生群体。本研究采用改编的学业拖延量表对中学生学业拖延现状进行探讨。     

大学生学业拖延现状及原因研究

采用Solomon＆Rothblum的学业拖延量表（PASS）调查目前大学生学业拖延的情况,以及影响大学生学业拖延的主要原因。结果发现目前大学生总体上拖延程度不高,但仍有部分同学报告有较高频率的学业拖延行为;通过因子分析,“害怕失败”、“反抗”、“厌恶任务”、“依赖”、“缺乏自信”、“时间管理”和“害怕成功”是大学生学业拖延的主要原因。     

自我调节学习视角下大学生学业拖延动机及对策

学业拖延在大学生群体中是普遍存在的。早期研究者主要关注拖延消极方面的影响,与此不同,有研究者提出拖延是个体主动进行的,是一种精明的决策有远见的行为。由此,拖延便被分为主动拖延和被动拖延两种类型。目前研究者们对于学业拖延的研究从特质论、动机论转变到自我调节理论。文章从自我调节的视角来阐述动机因素对于主动和被动两种类型的学业拖延的影响,并在此基础上提出改善学业拖延的建议。     

大学生学业拖延、自我同一性状态及其关系研究

采用学生学业拖延量表和自我同一性问卷对大学生学业拖延状况、自我同一性状态进行测量,探讨大学生学业拖延状况、自我同一性状态及其关系。研究表明大学生中普遍存在中等程度以上的拖延;且均有非常强的减少拖延的意愿;不同年级的大学生在不同的任务情境中学业拖延程度差异显著;不同年级的大学生在自我同一性的时间分裂、自我意识过强、精力涣散、定向迷失四个维度上差异显著;学业拖延和自我同一性各个维度间存在显著负相关。     

大学生学业拖延情况及成因的调查研究

本文通过《大学生学业拖延情况问卷》和《大学生学业拖延成因问卷》对700多名在校大学生进行了问卷调查,并按照年级、性别、专业性质等方面进行了比较研究,得出以下结论:学业拖延存在着性别上的差别,男生的学业拖延程度低于女生;整体而言,学生年级越高,学业拖延程度越高,大三学生学业拖延最为严重;文科类专业学生的学业拖延程度高于理科类专业学生;压力忍受、时间管理和苛求完美是认同度最高的三个学业拖延影响因素。     

大学生学业情绪与学业拖延关系研究

以505名大学生为研究对象,通过问卷调查,运用相关分析及多元回归分析等统计方法,考察大学生学业情绪与学业拖延的关系。结果发现,大学生学业拖延不存在性别、年级、文理科差异,学业情绪的4个维度与学业拖延存在显著相关,学业情绪维度中的消极低唤醒情绪和积极低唤醒情绪对学业拖延有显著预测作用。学业情绪与大学生学业拖延有密切关系,大学生应增加积极情绪体验,以减少学业拖延现象。     

提升积极认知,改善大学生学习拖延现状

随机抽取上海七所高校的在校大学生作为学习拖延和个人评价的被调查者,对他们进行集体施测.结果显示：我国大学生学习拖延现象比较普遍;医学、法学类大学生的学习拖延程度较高;大学生的个人评价与学习拖延程度显著相关,其中学业自信、社交自信对学习拖延有较强的预测作用.根据研究结果,我们认为,重塑认知评价是预防和减少大学生学习拖延的有效方法.     

优化心理干预,改善学生学业拖延问题

学业拖延问题一般是因为一些小学生不喜欢学习,在学习过程中没有获得效能感与成就感,所以需要丰富的心理干预与防治活动才能切实解决学生学业拖延问题。因此,低年级小学道德与法治课程教师可积极借助心理学知识来帮助学生解决学业拖延问题。本文将从追本溯源,分析学业拖延问题的成因;因材施教,针对学生个体优化心理干预;未雨绸缪,完善心理干预与防治活动三个角度,分析低年级小学道德与法治课程教师应该如何优化心理干预,切实解决学生学业拖延问题。     

福建省大学生学习拖延的现状研究

福建省大学本科生在学业上的拖延程度较高,达到中度拖延水平;不同性别的大学生在学业拖延上存在显著性差异;不同水平的学校大学生在学业拖延上也存在显著性差异;不同年级大学生的拖延程度差异性不显著;不同学科的大学生,理科生较之文科生的学业拖延行为更多,但未达到显著性程度。因此,学校方面应重视大学生的学习拖延,提高学生自主学习能力;学生自身方面应增强自我效能感,提高自我管理能力,不断探寻适合自己的学习策略和方法。     

大学生学习拖延状况调查研究——以山西省某高校为例

大学生的学习拖延不仅会影响大学生的学业成绩,也不利于大学生的身心健康发展。本研究通过调查发现,总体上大学生学习拖延程度较低,但是仍有7.7%的学生拖延程度较高,有11.5%的学生受拖延的困扰程度较高。男生的拖延程度要高于女生;大四学生的拖延程度最高,降低拖延的意愿最为明显;理工科学生的拖延程度较高。大学生的学习拖延受恐惧失败、缺乏信心、犹豫不决、厌恶任务等因素的影响。     

拖延症的成因及对策分析

每个个体都存在不同程度的拖延,但并非所有的拖延行为都称之为拖延症,拖延症是那些因为拖延行为已经引起极大的情绪困扰和对现实生活造成实际困扰的深度拖延和消极拖延,它不仅影响个体的心理健康和生活质量,也影响着个体人际关系和他人利益。战胜拖延症势在必行,剖析拖延症的形成原因,揭露它的巨大危害,转变拖延思维,构建合理信念,培养情绪肌肉,提高对不愉快事物的忍耐力,以持之以恒的＂立即行动＂告别拖延。     

拖延行为的心理解读和自我改变

拖延行为是一种常见的心理现象.拖延行为影响个体的学习与成长,对问题解决和创造性亦具有重要的影响.对于拖延行为,不同心理学家做出了不同的定义和分类.作者从心理学家对拖延现象的不同理解出发,在多维评价体系中给出了明确的拖延的操作性定义;在心理测量、心理访谈研究基础上,概括了产生拖延行为的原因;并从自我改变的角度提出了心理干预的策略.     

大学生学业拖延现象的心理学分析及其治理

在大学生中,学业拖延是一种很普遍的现象。学业拖延既有特质性,也受情境影响。在以往的研究中,人们偏重于分析学业拖延的负面影响。近年来关于学业拖延积极意义的研究,引起了人们的重视。针对学业拖延的不良影响,应该从以下几方面进行治理:心理疏导、加强思想教育、强化管理制度。     

Procrastination,self-regulation failure,academic life satisfaction,and affective well-being: underregulation or misregulation form

The aim of this study was to examine the role of self-regulation failure in procrastination. In addition, it also aimed to investigate the effects of procrastination on affective well-being and academic life satisfaction. Three hundred and twenty-eight undergraduate students participated in the study. The most obvious finding emerging from this study is that the absence or lack of self-regulation skills, as an indicator of underregulation, plays a significant role in procrastination among college students. Whether procrastination is an underregulation or misregulation form of self-regulation failure, it has a negative impact on students’ affective well-being. The contribution and implications of these findings were discussed in detail.     

Acceptance and Commitment Training: A Brief Intervention to Reduce Procrastination Among College Students

Academic procrastination is a multifaceted problem with cognitive, behavioral, and motivational correlates. Considered from an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) point of view, these correlates relate to experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion. This article describes a brief ACT intervention for reducing procrastination.     

Implicit beliefs,achievement goals,and procrastination: A mediational analysis

As a maladaptive behavioural outcome, procrastination should correlate with beliefs about ability and achievement goals that are themselves relatively maladaptive. Accordingly, procrastination should be predicted by entity as opposed to incremental implicit theories (i.e., viewing attributes such as ability as relatively fixed vs. malleable, respectively) and by avoidance goal orientations as opposed to approach goal orientations. Among 397 undergraduates, entity beliefs and mastery-avoidance goals positively predicted procrastination whereas incremental beliefs and mastery-approach and performance-approach goals negatively predicted procrastination. The prediction of procrastination by entity beliefs was mediated by mastery-avoidance goals. Results are cast in terms of self-regulatory models of procrastination.     

Task ambiguity and academic procrastination: An experience sampling approach

Procrastination is thought to be affected by trait-based and by situational, or task-specific determinants. Situational and task-specific influences on students' procrastination behavior have rarely been studied. Most research has examined trait-based individual differences in students' general procrastination tendencies. This study used an adaptive experience sampling approach to assess students' (N = 88) task-related perceptions of ambiguity and their situation-specific procrastination behavior during exam preparation six times a day for seven days (n = 3581 measurements). Results revealed that 30% of all intended study sessions were procrastinated. The risk that study sessions were procrastinated increased with students' task-related ambiguity perceptions. Individuals' average risk of procrastinating study sessions was further predicted by their procrastination tendency and conscientiousness assessed at baseline. The findings suggest interventions that promote students’ ability to self-regulate but also modify tasks and instructions. Further implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

大学生学习拖延实证研究述评

学习拖延是指学习者知道自己应该在预定时间内完成学习任务,但却不按时完成学习任务。学习拖延在国内许多高校都普遍存在,但是关于大学生学习拖延的实证类研究还不多,在此对大学生学习拖延的含义、类型、国内已有研究、使用的测量工具进行概述,并对以往研究不足做了阐述。     

暴风雨前的寂静:哈姆雷特"延宕"的戏剧性

历来的研究者多从社会、政治、文化、心理学等角度出发，探讨哈姆雷特复仇过程中“延宕”的原因，而从艺术的角度看，“延宕”在造成戏剧总体效果的冲突、情节、结构和性格刻画几个方面都发挥了重大作用，是全剧一个十分重要的审美因素，具有强烈的戏剧性。     

Procrastination—Not all it's put off to be

Although procrastination has devastating negative effects on performance, many of us employ common myth‐like justifications for it, thereby attempting to alleviate the guilt and stress that commonly accompany putting things off when we know we should not. Working better under pressure, being more creative at the last minute, and avoiding tasks because of perfectionism are three rationalizations that we often give for delay. The consequences of procrastination include missed deadlines, health and financial problems, guilt, stress, and work that isn't our best. To overcome a tendency to procrastinate, focusing on avoiding it is not the best response. Instead, adopting a task‐oriented, problem‐solving focus or set of strategies can work even for people with a long history of putting things off. These strategies include increasing the perceived value of a task, adjusting expectations for success, reducing impulsive temptations, and approaching larger projects or those with longer timelines in smaller segments with progress checks along the way. Procrastinators can learn how to change their approach to getting work done and thereby reduce their tendency to delay.