高等教育作为一门学科

高等教育是一门学科,还是一个研究领域,长期以来争议颇多。高等教育能否作为一门学科,应根据历史的经验,参照学科制度化的标准,透过现象看本质。无论名称如何———称为研究领域或是称为"学科",世界范围内,高等教育已处在学科制度化的进程之中。     

论思政学科教学的研究方法

随着社会的发展和时代的进步,教育领域对实用型和综合型人才呼声越来越高。思政学科教学旨在培育研究型教师,适应了社会对人才的要求。但思政学科教学主要指向思政教育,其研究对象是思政教育实践活动,在目前研究领域中存在不少问题,本文就思政学科教学研究方法存在的问题和发展趋势进行阐述,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

我国职业教育学科建设:使命与方略

我国职业教育学科建设在学科体系、学科梯队、学科成果、学科平台及学科反思方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。今后的主要任务是:谋划学科布局,明确主攻方向,构建学科体系,完善规训制度,创建研究学派。其建设策略是:着眼价值学科,丰满学科事实;着重应用研究,催生学科理论;着力人才培养,彰显学科功能;着实合作研究,打造学科精品;着手学科整合,构建学科文化。     

指导本科生撰写学术论文,提升大学教育质量

为提高我国的大学教育质量,应该在大学教育中安排指导本科生撰写学术论文的固定教学环节。在指导学生探索真理的过程中,激励学生独立研究和独立动手能力,进而能有效地培养学生的人文精神和科学精神。指导本科生撰写学术论文正是一项针对本科生的必要学术训练,也是一项值得提倡的学术规范教育,将有利于学生树立正确的学术道德观,坚持实事求是、科学严谨的治学态度,恪守公认的标准学术规范。     

Theory development and application in higher education research: the case of academic drift

This article examines the case of academic drift, as an example of a theory developed and applied within higher education research. It traces the origins and meaning of the term, reviews its application by higher education researchers, and discusses the issues it raises and the critiques it has attracted. It concludes that academic drift is at the heart of the long-standing liberal/vocational education debate, so is likely to continue to attract attention. The contemporary application of this theoretical framework also illustrates both the tendency for researchers to re-invent similar ideas in different times and places, and to ignore or overlook the work of some researchers whilst acknowledging that of others.     

我国学位与研究生教育研究的现状与发展

新中国成立以来 ,我国学位与研究生教育工作取得了巨大成就 ,当前正处于深化改革和加快发展的时期 ,迫切需要在理论联系实际原则指导下加强学位与研究生教育研究。今后一个时期 ,研究工作一方面要以应用研究为主 ,为我国学位与研究生教育的改革和发展服务 ,另一方面要加强理论研究 ,为建立有中国特色的学位制度和研究生教育学的理论体系打下初步基础     

学术自由与学术规范对我国切实性问题的思考

学术自由与学术规范,是学术活动的两大基础,缺一不可。我国目前学术界的问题,恰恰在于存在着相互矛盾着的两个方面:一方面是自由不够,规范泛滥;另一方面是规范不够,自由泛滥。两方面相加的结果,大大损害了我国的学术事业。为此,必须加强制度建设和道德建设,构建符合我国国情的学术自由与学术规范。     

论影视科技促进民族学与人类学的学科建设发展

影视民族学、人类学是通过影像与影视手段,记录和思考人类社会的有效方法。影视民族学、人类学兴起于19世纪末20世纪初的英美,现在我国得到重视。本文通过分析研究影视科技与民族学和人类学的关系,探究我国民族学和人类学利用影视科技的现状,以及我国影视民族学人类学的发展前景。     

伯顿·克拉克之学术论思想

克拉克以“矩阵结构”和学术分化理论为起点,通过对学科演进的基础与途径、学术组织模式的演变、教师群体的分化、学科与院校分化的规律等进行探究,论证了多样的、分化的高教系统能够提供大众高等教育和精英高等教育并存的最适宜的运行机制;学术专业化进程不但是学术分化的持久动力,而且是维护学术世界自有特质之源地。     

Distance education: relationship between academic performance and technology-adept adult students

Advances in technology assisted education are revolutionizing the educational process as most know it today. What impact, if any, does technology-assisted education have on the future of higher education? In this study, we examine data from an ongoing evaluation of the distance education program for graduate level business students in a private university. The study addresses the impact of technology-assisted learning on academic performance among distance learners and their on-campus counterparts. The study further explores the relationship between academic performance and students' technological adeptability. The findings indicate, when adjusted for gender (females out-performed males), there were no significant differences in academic performance between distance learners and their on-campus counterparts. Analysis also shows no significant differences in overall academic performance between technology-adept students and those without technological skills. These findings may remove at least some perceived barriers in the decision to initiate distance education programs.     

Hunt the shadow not the substance: the rise of the career academic in construction education

Construction education is context-laden, navigating and reflecting the byzantine influences of period, place and person. Despite considerable rhetoric, in UK higher education and construction studies in particular the importance of contextualized teaching is being devalued. Over the past decade a growing number of new teaching staff to university lecturing has limited or no industrial experience of the construction sector. This paper explores the rise of the career academic in construction education and implications for teaching standards and student learning. Whilst career academics exhibit research skills and afford funding possibilities that universities find appealing, pedagogical studies suggest that experience-led, contextualized teaching offer students enhanced educational value. Policy-making and pedagogical strategies that continue to value research at the expense of teaching excellence coupled with recruitment of career academics as opposed to industry professionals present new challenges for construction education, teaching and student learning.     

The imagined and the real: identifying the tensions for academic identity

Changes within the higher education sector have had significant effects on the identity of the individual academic. As institutions transform in response to government‐driven policy and funding directives, there is a subsequent impact upon the roles and responsibilities of those employed as educational professionals. Academic practices are changing as multiple roles emerge from the reshaping of academic work. Institutional pressures to produce specific research outputs at the same time as teaching and undertaking managerial/administrative responsibilities are creating tension between what academics perceive as their professional identity and that prescribed by their employing organisation. Reconciling this disconnect is part of the challenge for academics, who are now seeking to understand and manage their changing identity. Narratives obtained from research in a university with a polytechnic background and an institute of technology (aspiring to be a university), provide some subjective reflections for examining this issue.     

Theory and legitimacy in professional education: a practitioner review of reflective processes within programmes for new academic staff

The authors review research literature on coherent theoretically based approaches to the use of reflective processes within programmes of initial professional education for new academic staff. Employing a novel methodology that incorporates practitioner perspectives, they establish a framework that highlights the role of personal and social factors, and also pedagogic and theoretical considerations, in shaping reflective processes. The included studies identified participants who had engaged in certain categories of reflection. Certain fundamental outcomes, however, such as changes in professional commitment, were never seen across an entire cohort. The article thus discusses the intended learning outcomes that programmes might legitimately seek to meet.

Dans cet article, nous examinons la littérature de recherche portant sur les approches théoriques cohérentes sur l’usage des processus réflexifs dans le cadre de programmes d’éducation professionnelle initiale pour le personnel académique novice. A l’aide d’une nouvelle méthodologie incorporant les perspectives du praticien, nous établissons un cadre qui met en lumière le rôle des facteurs sociaux et personnels, de même que les considérations théoriques et pédagogiques, mettant en forme les processus réflexifs. Les études visées par l’article ont permis d’identifier des participants s’étant engagés dans certaines catégories de réflexion. Des conséquences fondamentales, telles que le changement au niveau de l’engagement professionnel, n’ont cependant pas été observés pour l’ensemble de la cohorte. Nous discutons donc des objectifs d’apprentissage que les programmes pourraient, de façon légitime, chercher à atteindre.     

Mapping the discipline history of education

Inaugurated in 2013, this collective research programme aims to construct an international mapping of the history of education that accounts for recent developments in the field. Our goal is to create a current and retrospective assessment of the discipline’s institutional grounding and of the knowledge produced by its practitioners, stretching across national and cultural borders. Ultimately, the programme will help to increase interactions among scholars and facilitate the creation of collaborative research agendas, thereby augmenting the standing and visibility of the discipline.

This text will briefly introduce the programme’s conceptual basis, explaining the methodological steps taken to ensure the comparability of data gathered and the transnational and transcontinental character of the study’s design. In the second section, we will zoom in on doctoral students’ dissertations, which are the optimal way to study a discipline’s development and potential. Doctoral students and recent graduates are part of a tradition, a school of thought, and yet they constitute that tradition’s replacement and renewal. Therefore, as graduate students carry forth the disciplinary torch, they hold the future of the field in their hands.     

大学本科小学教育专业建设问题

大学本科小学教育专业应定性在教育,定向在小学,定格在本科,对小学教育专业学生进行综合培养,促进学生全面发展。要合理构建小学教育专业课程体系,使学生在教育理论、学科专业知识、教育科研方法、教学实践能力等方面明显高于中师和小教大专;处理好文化基础与专业基础、教育理论与学科知识、科学与人文的关系。在提高小学教师学历层次、学术水平、科研能力、教学能力和管理能力的同时,促进教师专业化发展。     

论高深知识与高等教育

Advanced knowledge is the basis for higher education, but less research on higher education deals with it. The essay elaborates on the major point in several ways: first, the practice-oriented higher education research tends to ignore advanced knowledge; secondly, higher education shall never turn a blind eye to advanced knowledge due to their close relation; thirdly, the paper presents a tentative discussion over the external and internal characteristics of advanced knowledge. The research on advanced knowledge can not only provide better support for the reform of higher education, but also has great significance in perfecting the present theoretical system of higher education. __________ Translated from Beijing Daxue Jiaoyu Pinglun 北京大学教育评论 (Peking University Education Review), 2006, (4): 2–8     

电影在高校管理学科中的教辅作用与应用策略初探

电影在高等学校管理学科教学中具有史料、案例、多模态学习情境构建、第一信号供给等教育功能,对解决高校管理学科教学长期存在的普遍问题有辅助作用。论文还对电影辅助教学应用策略进行了讨论。     

高校学术不端行为成因分析及对策

学术不端行为破坏了高校学术研究的有序发展,探寻其成因,并探究监督查处机制的构建具有重大的现实意义。从主客观两个角度出发,分析当前学术监督机制弱化、学术查处机制虚化是当前高校学术不端行为滋生的制度原因,同时从名利诱惑、成本博弈及道德缺失等学术主体的三个角度论证了高校学术不端行为滋生的原因,以期加强对高校学术不端行为研究,促进高校学术不端行为监督查处机制的构建。     

从学科到学科群:知识分类体系和知识政策的视角

我国大学学科建设的重要性虽然已为大学举办者和管理者所认识,并采取了改革措施,但由于没有找到学科建设困境的真正原因——知识政策和知识分类,改革成效并不显著。知识分类体系已经具有了教育学意义,知识政策是学科分类体系的制度化体现,知识政策是造成大学学科发展困境的主要因素。知识分类体系下的知识生产模式已不能满足现代知识生产的要求,因此出现了交叉学科、新兴学科等知识生产模式。知识政策应体现知识分类这一现状并使之制度化;大学为实现三大功能,需要进行一种合目的性的学科群建设,以学科群组织人才培养模式。     

The ethical claim of partiality: practical reasoning,the discipline,and teacher education

Practical reasoning refers to a teacher's capacity to discern particulars and make wise judgements about how to act in pedagogical situations. But how do teachers know what is right? How are teachers' preferences to be grounded and their choices justified? I explore the disciplines as one source of moral perception. Assuming that narrative unities underscore the coherence and continuity of an individual's experience, I generated data in the context of a 2‐year teacher education programme. The case study of an aspiring teacher of secondary school language arts illustrates how the intellectual virtues of a discipline can influence a student teacher's practical reasoning. I conclude that teacher educators must attend to the complex ways in which a prospective teacher's prior discipline may influence aspiring teachers' orientations to experience, their consideration of educational ends, and, finally, their characters.