Putting working-class mothers in their place: social stratification,the field of education,and Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice

This article explores how a small sample of working-class mothers encounters the field of education. In the management of family and their children's schooling, mothers bring to bear and replicate ways of knowing that are embodied, are historical and that offer many-sided insights into profoundly stratified societies. Here I draw on Bourdieu's theory of practice as a heuristic device and focus only on the field while leaving in suspension his other conceptual arsenal. Bourdieu argued that understanding the social space in which interactions occur is pivotal, characterised as it is by ‘permanent relationships of inequality'. This study shows that mothers bring to the field their embodied history, their habituated practice, and their access to capitals. The women I interviewed know the precariousness of how they occupy the field of schooling, negotiated through a matrix of intersected positionings and classifications that are embodied.     

关于线性映射空间维数的几个结果

研究了线性映射空间的维数及其与几个子空间的维数之间的关系.     

Lummi identity and white racism: When location is a real place

Native students experience prejudice at the university in a fashion that is unique and apart from the experiences of all other ethnic minorities. Because the reality of Indian students is not understood, they are heedlessly placed in with other ethnic minority students in discussions about policy. But if the stories of these students could be heard and understood, and if the local political context of their encounter with higher education could be shown, it would unmask a number of presuppositions about ethnicity and education. This paper brings forth some stories about a tribal community, a regional university, and their recent history of cultural power relations. It shows how Indian students experience Identity and Ideology in ways that are in conflict with the dominant society. The way stories can unmask the historic hidden dimensions of local power in educational institutions is shown.     

Putting education in its place: mapping the observations of Danish and English architects on 1950s school design

During the years following the Second World War, there were efforts in several European countries to grasp the opportunity to re‐imagine school created through the need to rebuild on a mass scale. This article examines in detail an episode in the exchange of knowledge between English and Danish architects and educators during a period of intensive activity. Through a micro‐study of documents that have survived in archives in both countries, the study tour is revealed as a key agent of exchange and as such a mapping of sites of specific interest in two countries is discussed. The origins of English–Danish exchanges are explored in the context of the rise of the modernist movement and its relationship with progressive education. A prosopographical perspective is used to understand the complexities of the social and professional relationships underpinning these exchanges. This is pursued through a detailed discussion of the meetings and site visits made during the study tours in Denmark and England during 1954. Finally, the impact of the various exchanges is assessed.     

运用知识空间理论分析概念图

本研究以高中一年级物理教学为例,阐释了运用知识空间理论分析概念图的方法和过程.在教学的不同阶段,研究者给学生安排了七个构建概念图的任务,然后,系统地分析学生概念图.使用这种新颖的方法,我们能分辨出学生和"专家"知识结构之间的差异,能揭示出学生对相关知识的理解水平和一段时间内学生知识结构的变化,并且能捕捉到这些变化,为教学提供参考.研究表明:运用知识空间理论分析概念图是有效的,它能够增强概念图的教学功用.     

African American racial identity across the lifespan: identity status, identity content, and depressive symptoms

Cluster analytic methods were used to create 4 theorized ethnic identity statuses (achieved, foreclosed, moratorium, and diffused) among 940 African American adolescents (13-17 years old), college students (18-23 years old), and adults (27-78 years old). Evidence for the existence of 4 identity statuses was found across the 3 age groups. The distribution of individuals differed by age group, with the older participants disproportionately occupying the more mature statuses. Identity status was related to identity content such that achieved individuals reported higher levels of racial centrality and private regard. Finally, there was a significant interaction between developmental age group and identity status for depressive symptoms such that diffused college students reported higher symptoms than achieved college students. No status differences were found for the other 2 age groups.     

Education in the network age: globalisation,development and the World Bank

This article reviews the World Bank’s (1999) Education Sector Strategy document as a response to the challenges and the complexities of globalization and development as they relate to education. The article begins with an introduction to the Education Sector Strategy document. It moves on to discuss the nature of the new world economy, particularly its discursive shape, its form and the modalities of its reproduction. In this part of the article, the work of Carnoy and Castells (1999) and other analysts, such as Scott (1997), of what they all the networked economy, is used to show what is at stake for the developing world, and also, by implication, for the world as an interconnected community. Central to the reproductive modalities of the new economy, it will argue, are 1) entirely new education-work requirements and 2) a reconfigured and repositioned state. The article will attempt to show the implications of these for education. The article then moves towards a brief analysis of the developing world and then concludes with an assessment of the World Bank’s sector strategy. In summary, the article will argue that the Education Sector Strategy document is a critically important report but that is underestimates the complexity of the information age economy, particularly its modes of reproduction. The article will argue that the document does not sufficiently address the complexity of the modern developing world, especially the uneven and unequal ways in which its component parts articulate with the globalized order and the role of education in addressing this complexity. Critical weaknesses in the document relate to the relationship between education and work and the role of the state     

Space for performing teacher identity: through the lens of Kafka and Hegel

In this study, we argue that a teacher has a crucial role in leading students into collaborative inquiry‐learning practices. While many studies have given the impression that students are able to engage in inquiry processes on their own, the role of social practices and teacher guidance often remains unexplained. However, even when the pedagogical setting is organized toward collaboration and student‐driven inquiry, it does not mean that students will, as a matter of course, collaborate and take collective responsibility for their own learning. This research has been conducted by a teacher and researchers, and reports on the teacher’s impressions about organizing and promoting a computer‐supported collaborative inquiry process in her classroom of the fourth and fifth grade levels of a Finnish elementary school. The ‘Artifact Project’ was collaboratively designed together by the class teacher and researchers, but the teacher was responsible for implementing and adapting plans in practice. The aim of the ‘Artifact Project – the Past, the Present, and the Future’ – was to support students’ (n = 32) understanding of the diversity of artifacts. Students were asked to analyze artifacts within the cultural context, to study physical phenomena related to them, and to design future artifacts. A collaborative learning environment, Knowledge Forum, facilitated the activities. During the process, the teacher wrote weekly in a reflective project diary. The template of the diary guided the teacher to reflect on the issues that she considered important at the writing moment: the organizing practices, topic content and process stages; how the classroom community functioned; as well as the role of technology as a support for the process. The contents of the diary were analyzed with qualitative content analysis with the help of AtlasTi software. This study depicts an experienced teacher’s practices, her efforts to promote pupils’ cognitive responsibility for advancing their collaborative object‐oriented inquiry process themselves. Instead of trying to control all aspects of pupils’ learning, the teacher assumed the role of an organizer concerning collaborative progressive inquiry and designing activities. Organizing and supporting activities were based on a continuous following of the pupils’ states of process. Knowledge Forum structured the process and mediated activities, and rendered their objects visible and accessible to the whole learning collective. We suggest that in order to expand and scale up advanced inquiry practices, teachers’ usually invisible work in guiding and directing classroom practices has to be made visible and should be analyzed in detail.     

Successful globalisation,education and sustainable development

This article examines the role of education in ‘successful globalisation’ and how this links with agendas for sustainable development. In the first part ‘successful globalisation’ is defined as economic growth combined with equality and social peace. Japan and the East Asian tiger economies – particularly South Korea and Taiwan – have been uniquely successful in the last half century in achieving both rapid economic growth over long periods and relative income equality and social cohesion. A host of factors have been responsible for this, including fortuitous geo-political circumstances and good timing. However, education has also played a major role. The article, based on a review of international and national research literatures, analyses how far China, India, Kenya and Sri Lanka have managed to develop their own forms of successful engagement with the global economy and what part education policy has played. In the second part we relate our concept of successful globalisation to the parallel discourses of sustainable development and education for sustainable development and reflect on what our notion of ‘successful globalisation’ can borrow from and lend to these literatures.     

同构对线性空间和欧几里得空间的作用及推广

讨论了同构映射对线性空间及欧氏空间的作用,同构的线性空间及欧氏空间之间的性质; 通过同构映射来研究欧氏空间中线性变换的作用,并着重对对称变换进行了分析.     

叙事地图：通往都市及其想象空间的一种路径

论文将＂叙事地图＂这一概念引入都市文学的研究视角,考察作家在这种地理轨迹中与都市间内在的心理距离,由此凸显小说叙事的都市审美功能。在此,不同的地理空间造就了相异的都市景观,但又呈现着近似的精神旨向。主要从以下三个角度论述叙事地图的路径：一是距离：作家与都市空间的内在对话;二是轨迹：都市景观的个案风情（以南京和深圳为例）;三是符号：都市＂浮城＂的旨向与归属。     

State-formation,teaching techniques,and globalisation as aporia

This paper conjoins Derrida's analysis of aporia and boderlines with Foucault's genealogical sensibilities to rethink the attribution of recent events in education to globalisation. Three analytical domains are linked to historicise student-teacher interaction: studies of pedagogical techniques, sociological analyses of the state, and philosophical conceptions of Being and desire. This confluence of domains makes apparent multiple efforts to transgress noncrossable borders in educational work, suggesting new conceptualisations of justice and ethical responsibility in the analysis of classroom life.