Market Competition and the Media Performance of Taiwan's Cable Television Industry

Using industrial organization as the theoretical framework, this study examines the relation between market competition and the media performance of Taiwan's cable television industry. The media performance of cable television systems is defined as the subscribers' satisfaction with program service, customer service, and community service. A telephone survey was conducted to collect data for the study. This study's findings in general support a positive relation between market competition and media performance, which accords with most previous studies.     

Market Competition for Cable Television: Reexamining Its Horizontal Mergers and Industry Concentration

This article reviews the recent mergers among multiple-system operators (MSOs), investigates their impact on market concentration, and examines cable multiple ownership rules as well as antitrust applications. The implication of telephone company (telco) entry is then discussed. It was concluded that the exhibition stage of the cable industry is currently moderately concentrated but has reached its highest degree in 20 years. The wave of mergers shifted from the high profile telco-MSO strategic alliances to the major MSOs' consolidations aimed at building efficient market clusters. The trend of market concentration is expected to continue given the current economic and regulatory climate.     

Vertical Integration and Market Foreclosure in the Korean Cable Television Industry: An Empirical Study

This study investigated vertical foreclosure effects in the Korean cable television market. While it focuses mainly on vertical foreclosure, the study also examined reciprocal carriage between large vertically integrated cable operators. From the analysis of cross-sectional data regarding cable operators' carriage information in Korea, two conclusions were derived. First, vertically integrated cable operators tend to carry their affiliated channels and were less likely to carry their rivals' channels. Second, the data suggest that large vertically integrated cable operators were engaged in reciprocal carriage.     

试论新媒体环境下电视“长尾”市场的开发

随着社会环境的变化,电视观众出现分化趋势,传统电视为此进行了栏目专业化和频道专业化的尝试,但"收视率为王"的赢利模式使得这种尝试仍难摆脱困境。进入网络时代后,视频内容生产工具、传播工具的普及,以及搜索成本的降低,最终促成了电视"长尾"的形成。新媒体电视为"长尾"生存提供了空间,传统电视亟需改革。     

Market Structure and Local Signal Carriage Decisions in the Cable Television Industry: Results From Count Analysis

Using historical data collected by the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) in 1990 (GAO, 1990), a time when the must-carry rules were not in effect, this study empirically tested the effects of horizontal concentration, vertical integration, and other system-specific variables on cable operators' carriage decisions regarding local television stations. Results from the negative binomial regression model (a count model) indicate that horizontal concentration or firm size had a negative effect on cable system carriage of local broadcast stations, holding other factors constant. However, the study did not find any significant vertical integration effects on such carriage.     

Strategic Behavior and Competition in Cable Television: Evidence From Two Overbuilt Markets

This article uses evidence from case studies of Montgomery, Alabama and Paragould, Arkansas to examine the strategic behavior of firms in these markets. Incumbents use a variety of tactics including price cutting and litigation to deter entry by a rival. These tactics and their effects impact on the ability of entrants to come into a market and compete. These findings have implications for policymakers particularly in light of the passage of the Telecommunications Act of 1996.     

Market Competition and Programming Diversity: A Study on the TV Market in Taiwan

This article investigates the issue of the relation between market competition and programming diversity in Taiwan's TV market. For more than 20 years, Taiwan's TV market had an oligopolistic structure with 3 networks dominating the market. With the popularity of satellite TV during the 1990s, the oligopoly rapidly ended. This study examines how programming diversity was affected by the changing TV market structure in Taiwan. Programming diversity was measured by 3 methods using program data from the 3 networks operating in Taiwan: vertical programming diversity, horizontal programming diversity, and prime-time programming strategies. The results indicate a negative relation between market competition and programming diversity. Although the market competition increased from 1986 to 1996, this study discovered that the degree of programming diversity was reduced year by year.     

Concentration and Diversity in the Cable Television Industry Under Regulatory Uncertainty

This study investigates the relationship between the concentration of ownership among cable companies and diversity in the cable networks during a period of regulatory uncertainty—a period when the cable ownership rules were announced but did not have legal impact due to legal challenges from the industry. The results show that although cable ownership rules had not been legally in effect, they did pose potential threats to the industry and affected the cable television industry by decreasing the level of concentration among cable networks while increasing the level of concentration among cable system operators.     

Direct Competition in Cable Television Delivery: A Case Study of Paragould,Arkansas

In this study I explored the effects of the development of direct competition in the delivery of cable services to a small Arkansas city. The emergence of competition produced lower prices, better customer service, increased choices in programming, and technological improvements as the market structure moved from monopoly to duopoly and achieved an equilibrium in which each service company serves a 50% market share. Because neither firm is producing a profit under the current situation, I argue that in the long-run the competitors may switch to oligopolistic pricing behavior and focus on nonprice competition in an effort to achieve profitability.     

打造电视产业链完善电视产品市场

本文分析了目前中国电视节目产品市场面临的困境,提出了打造电视产业链的设想,并对产业链的理想模式进行了初步的建构,最后探讨了达到这种理想模式的路径选择.     

Impact of Moderate and Ruinous Competition on Diversity: The Dutch Television Market

This article analyzes how competition in television broadcasting influences diversity of program supply. We argue that competition in oligopolistic broadcasting markets can take different forms, depending on the strategies adopted by broadcasters. We distinguish between moderate and ruinous competition, and discuss under what conditions these types of competition will emerge. We hypothesize that moderate competition improves diversity, whereas ruinous competition produces excessive sameness. We test these hypotheses for the Dutch television market.     

Effects of Market Competition on Taiwan Newspaper Diversity

This study investigates effects of market competition on newspaper diversity in Taiwan. Using Simpson's D, this study found that overall newspaper market diversity increased after a new daily newspaper entered the market. Although overall diversity increased, the traditional newspapers decreased their content diversity. The new newspaper offered a higher level of content diversity than traditional newspapers, which differentiated themselves by becoming more specialized.     

The Application of EC Competition Policy to the Media Industry

This article examines whether European Commission (EC) competition policy and merger control provisions can prevent excessive market power and safeguard open access and consumer choice in the European media and communications industry. The study looks at the structure of the media industry and points to the amalgamation of corporate power. It assesses whether EC competition law and merger provisions can effectively address the dangers of ownership concentration and safeguard diversity of sources. A number of merger cases either blocked or allowed by the EC are reviewed to establish the level of competition. The article suggests that a more rigorous competition policy is required to guarantee competition and prevent domination in merger activity.     

市场碎裂化背景下的香港传媒产业

香港传媒市场目前正处于较为急剧的碎裂化和分众化趋势过程之中。在这一过程中,香港传媒产业体现出良好的综合竞争力和创新能力。     

从文化产业角度看广电新媒体发展

在广电传媒领域,数字化的新媒体颠覆了原有的传播渠道,带来了一场深刻的革命.广电新媒体面临着社会公司的竞争,也面临着政策、体制、机制、资本、技术和人才等方面的制约.广电新媒体的发展没有退路,只有在新媒体的角逐中胜出,才能掌控未来广电市场的话语权.     

后现代主义产生的媒介背景——电视

自产生以来,电视对社会形态及人们的思想观念产生了广泛而深远的影响。在后现代主义的形成中,电视也“功不可灭:”在一定程度上,正是20世纪中叶以来电视的迅猛发展,极大地改变了人们的私人生活空间和社会生活空间,深刻影响了人们的生存体验和思想观念,从而促进了后现代主义的产生。     

Market Competition and Cultural Tensions Between Hollywood and the Korean Film Industry

The market shares of Hollywood movies in European and Asian markets are so large that policymakers around the world are concerned about the import domination not only in theaters but also in the subsequent windows. Media economists acknowledge that domestic producers have an advantage in terms of a "cultural discount," referring to the unavoidable disadvantage of imported films. However, expenditure on a film's production also determines the extent of popular appeal, thus creating an advantage for films that have a large and wealthy home market base such as Hollywood. In this article, I aim at understanding the dynamics of these 2 seemingly opposing forces in the motion picture market in Korea. I review the film market in Korea, explore the relation between performances of 2 windows, theaters and home video, over the two countries-the United States and Korea-and compare the determinants of performance of Hollywood and local films in Korean box offices. A strong hit orientation and preference for local content was empirically found.     

我国传媒界人士对传媒规制绩效的认知调查

本研究以产业规制理论为调查框架,以传媒业界人士为调查对象,发现在传媒市场结构方面,多数受访者认为我国传媒市场竞争激烈,但竞争并不充分且公平不足.竞争压力首要来自于市场变化而非政策管制,激励创新成为提高传媒产业效率的最大共识而非传媒机构产权改革.经营行为上,多数受访者认为新兴媒体在研发、人力资源等生产性投入方面高于传统媒体,行政成本则相反.传媒绩效上,八成从业人士肯定了我国传媒宣传党政政策对社会发展的积极作用,国有传媒企业的社会效益认可度高于非国有媒体企业,经济效益则相反,预示着我国未来传媒规制创新将面临异常复杂的权衡与决策.