STUDENT COMPARISONS OF EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES AT THE TWO‐YEAR COLLEGE AND THE UNIVERSITY: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Student evaluations of instruction were obtained from two groups. Students in the first group were “reverse transfer” students (N = 97) who completed their freshman year at a university and then transferred to a two‐year college for their sophomore year. Students in the second group were “early transfer” students (N = 78) who completed their freshman year at a two‐year college and then transferred to a university. All students had one year of attendance at a two‐year college and one year at a university. The purpose of the study was to analyze the ratings of both groups of students with regard to their academic experiences at the university and at the two‐year college. An adaptation of the Student Instructional Report (SIR) was used to obtain ratings on overall college experiences from all students at the end of their sophomore year. The findings revealed: (1) considerable similarity of ratings given to the two‐year college and the university, (2) differences between ratings of early transfer and reverse transfer students, and (3) generally high ratings for both the two‐year college and the university.     

A Tale of Two Groups: Differences Between Minority Students and Non-Minority Students in their Predispositions to and Engagement with Diverse Peers at a Predominantly White Institution

Using a revised version of the Transition to College Model (Locks et al. 2008, Rev High Educ 31(3), 257–285), this study examined the extent to which minority students and non-minority students differ in their predispositions to engage in campus-based diversity activities as well as in their engagement with ethnically diverse college peers at a predominantly White college. Findings indicate that engagement with diverse peers is a learned behavior; one that was shaped long before a student stepped into college. The importance of past interactions with diverse peers extends beyond freshman year predispositions to engage; students who interacted with diverse students prior to college were also more prone to report engagement with diverse peers at the end of their sophomore year. Notably, freshmen minority students were more predisposed to engage diverse peers next to their White peers; these ethnic-based differences, however, dissipated by the end of the sophomore year of college.     

Promoting Academic Persistence Among Racial/Ethnic Minority and European American Freshman and Sophomore Undergraduates: Implications for College Counselors

Factors influencing persistence decisions among 346 racial/ethnic minority and 813 European American freshman and sophomore undergraduates were explored. Gender and racial/ethnic differences were found in centrality and public regard of racial/ethnic identity. Perceptions of the university environment and self‐beliefs predicted persistence decisions for everyone. Suggestions for college counselors working with students exhibiting risk factors for academic persistence are presented.     

高职学生心理素质现状的调查分析

为了了解高职学生的心理状况和特点,以便有针对性的开展学生心理健康教育,我们运用国内外通行的心理健康测量工具SCL--90,对杨凌职业技术学院高职一、二年级学生进行随机抽样调查研究,并对调查结果进行统计分析。研究结果显示杨凌职业技术学院学生心理健康水平低于常模;但相对于某高职院校及全国大学生心理健康水平较高;该学院一、二年级学生心理健康水平总体差异不显著,但二年级学生较一年级学生心理问题发生率高,特别是表现在强迫、人际关系、抑郁、敌对、偏执等症状上。建议针对高职学生有针对性地开展心理健康教育工作。     

高职院校大学生职业价值观与职业决策自我效能的关系研究

以高职院校学生为对象,采用问卷调查法,选择职业价值观问卷和职业决策自我效能问卷研究了高职院校大学生职业价值观与职业决策自我效能之间的关系。研究结果表明：不同年级的高职生职业价值观存在显著性差异,大二学生的职业价值观高于大一学生;不同性别的高职生职业决策自我效能存在非常显著的差异,男生的职业决策自我效能大于女生;高职生职业价值观与职业决策自我效能之间存在显著的正相关。     

A Social Support Intervention and Academic Achievement in College: Does Perceived Loneliness Mediate the Relationship?

The authors examined whether a social support intervention reduced loneliness and increased academic achievement among college freshmen. Eighty‐eight 1st‐year students randomly assigned to a social support group program reported less loneliness in the spring of their freshman year and obtained higher grade point averages in the fall of their sophomore year, compared with control participants, after controlling for demographic variables. Loneliness barely mediated the relationship between the social support intervention and academic achievement, suggesting other mechanisms by which the intervention enhanced academic performance.     

混合式教学模式在大学俄语教学中的应用

大学俄语是面向非俄语专业的大学本专科一、二年级学生开设的一门必修课。经调查走访部分大学俄语课堂发现,存在课堂教学与课外学习相脱节的问题,严重地影响了大学俄语的教学质量。为了解决这个问题,使课堂教学和课外学习紧密结合起来,尝试将混合式教学模式应用于大学俄语教学之中,以期进一步提高教学质量。     

Understanding Sexual Aggression in Male College Students: The Role of Self‐Monitoring and Pluralistic Ignorance

The authors examined the relationship between self‐monitoring and pluralistic ignorance and self‐reported sexually aggressive behaviors by freshman and sophomore male college students. Results indicated that self‐monitoring style and level of pluralistic ignorance were correlated positively with sexual aggression. The authors review relevant literature, present research findings, and discuss implications of the findings for college counselors.     

The freshman course: A curricular schema

Research on college students indicates that (a) attrition is greatest during and at the end of the freshman year and (b) retention is associated with the degree to which a student is integrated socially and academically. Recently, freshman courses have been introduced to increase the integration of students into college environments. The core components are informal contact with peers and faculty or staff, a small group setting, and cognitive and affective learning. A classification system for freshman courses formulated from dominant themes that emerged from a review of current practices of 20 colleges and universities is reported. Characteristic features and analogous programs of the interdisciplinary, developmental and utilitarian approaches are presented.     

重庆体育专业学生实行自我妨碍与学习成绩的相关性研究

对重庆市五所高校体育专业一、二、三年级的240名学生的自我妨碍与学习成绩进行调查研究,结果发现：一、二年级学生学习成绩优秀者与不良者采用自我妨碍策略存在显著差异;三年级学生学习成绩优秀者与不良者采用自我妨碍策略不存在显著差异：学习成绩不良与自我妨碍预测因素即自我效能感、智力责任归因、自尊、抑郁存在相关,与惧怕否定不存在显著相关等。     

大学生“考证热”的心理透析——以衡水学院为例

严峻的就业形势使得越来越多的人成为了＂考证族＂的一员,更使得大学校园里的＂考证热＂这股狂风长久不衰。为了研究大学生＂考证＂的心理状况,主要采用问卷调查法对衡水学院在校的大学生进行了研究。结果发现：大一、大二的学生考证有些盲目性,但价值取向较为良好;大三、大四的学生考证主要趋于就业压力,价值取向有些功利化倾向;学生的考证愿望与实际行动相背离在各年级中普遍存在。     

What Difference Does a Major Make? The Influence of College Major Field on Persistence by African American and White Students

The results from this study indicate similarities and differences in the factors related to the persistence of White and African American students in their freshman and sophomore years in college. Using random samples of data from students enrolled in public institutions of higher education in a Midwestern state, OLS regression analyses indicated that African American sophomores in the high-demand major fields (e.g., Business, Health, and Engineering/Computer Science) were more likely to persist than were those in other major fields, but there were no statistically significant differences in persistence for African American freshmen in other fields. While major fields were not statistically significant for White sophomores, White freshmen in social sciences or undecided about their majors were less likely to persist. The effects of financial aid packages on persistence varied across race.     

网络环境下地方院校学生英语自主学习调查——以商洛学院为例

大学生利用网络进行英语自主学习的能力直接关系到英语教学的质量和大学英语改革的深化。以商洛学院大一和大二的学生为研究对象进行随机抽样问卷调查,了解网络环境下地方院校大学生英语自主学习状况,归纳出他们在利用网络进行英语自主学习方面带有共性的问题,加以讨论并提出教学改革建议,以期对地方院校大学生的英语自主学习能力的提高和大学英语改革的进一步深化有所助益。     

Student Feelings of Connection to the Campus and Openness to Diversity and Challenge at a Large Research University: Evidence of Progress?

Previous research conducted by Pascarella and his colleagues (1996) has shown that undergraduate students tend to change toward greater openness and tolerance to diversity from their freshman to their sophomore year. Although the study by Pascarella includes many different types of universities in the United States, the average size of the entering freshman class in their research was reported to be approximately 4,000 students. While these findings are extremely valued in a general sense, Pascarella believed that they might not be found at very large universities. To our surprise, our findings indicated that large universities may have higher levels of openness to diversity and campus connectedness than what was originally explained by Pascarella.     

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF COMMUNITY COLLEGE TRANSFER STUDENTS AND "NATIVE" STUDENTS AT A LARGE STATE UNIVERSITY

Students were randomly chosen from the class of 1998 and 1999 at a large public university. Fifty in each class were community college transfer students who transferred to the university in the fall of 1996 and fall of 1997; 50 in each class were native students who had entered the university in the fall of 1994 and the fall of 1995. All students were from the College of Arts and Sciences. These groups of students were compared by GPAs at the end of the lower division work (sophomore year for natives and at the end of the second year of community college work for transfers). Students also were compared at the end of their first semester in their academic major to determine if transfer shock was evident for transfer students and if a GPA decline was evident for natives. Lastly, the students GPAs were compared at the end of the spring semesters of 1998 and 1999 to determine if there was recovery from transfer shock for the transfers and from the possible decline in GPA for native students. Retention and graduation rates for both groups were compared.     

大学生新生党员继续培养教育途径探索

随着高中阶段党建工作的加强,大学生新生党员呈逐年上升趋势,但与大学期间发展的学生党员相比,他们在入党动机、理论素养、党员意识和发挥先锋模范作用等方面还较薄弱,因此抓好新生党员继续培养教育工作就显得尤为重要.文章结合多年的工作实践,对大学生新生党员继续培养教育的适当途径进行了探索.     

河南省高职院校大学生心理健康状况的调查研究

从河南省数所高职院校随机选取1 000余名学生,采用SCL-90症状自评量表进行调查。结果发现,我省高职院校大学生总体SCL-90各因子均数都高于全国常模,且差异非常显著;除敌对因子外,女大学生SCL-90各因子及阳性项目的均数都高于男大学生;理工科大学生各因子及阳性项目的均数都高于文科大学生;新生期和毕业期的大学生在绝大多数因子上的均值都高于过渡期的大学生;尽管没有显著差异,但对口生、本科生、五年制学生各因子以及阳性项目的均数都高于专科生。在此基础上,文章从社会环境、学校环境、专业特点、性别差异、年龄差异、大学生自身特点等方面对高职院校大学生心理健康状况表现进行了具体分析。     

Reactions to College Withdrawal,

Problems in validly determining reasons for withdrawal from college are reviewed. This study examines the reasons given by several different subgroups of withdrawals, hopefully circumventing some of these problems. Questionnaires were sent to 1135 students (and to their parents) who had withdrawn from three liberal-arts colleges. Different subgroups of withdrawals reported quite different reasons for leaving. Academic dismissals reported more severe problems (both academic and personal) than did voluntary withdrawals (who ranked second) and transfers (who had fewest problems). Students who withdrew during a semester did so for very different reasons than did end-of-the-year withdrawals. Few differences were associated with class standing (i.e., freshman, sophomore, etc.) at the time of withdrawal. Implications of the results are briefly discussed.     

The context dependence of physics identity: Examining the role of performance/competence,recognition, interest,and sense of belonging for lower and upper female physics undergraduates

While there is a growing body of work that examines disciplinary identity development, unlike qualitative work in this area, quantitative research has not fully incorporated the importance of different contexts, nor has it uniquely focused on underrepresented groups (in this case, women in physics). This study examines how the constructs posited by prior work as important for physics identity, as well as an additional theorized construct, may interrelate and affect female students' physics identity differently depending on the context. Context in this study refers to two different experiential levels in college. The constructs examined include performance/competence, recognition, and interest, as well as sense of belonging. In particular, we used structural equation modeling to examine the effect that these constructs have on the physics identity of two groups of female physics undergraduates: first year students and senior year students. The results reveal that the relationship of the theorized constructs with physics identity vary between the two groups as well as compared to prior research with broad college student populations (not just physics majors). Unlike broad college student populations, for our sample of female physics undergraduates, interest did not have a direct effect on physics identity while sense of belonging was significant only for senior year students. These results exemplify the importance of examining context or different types of student experiences when studying disciplinary identity development rather than generalizing previous frameworks to all contexts.     

大学生人际关系困扰特点研究

采用人际关系综合诊断量表对不同性别、年级、经济状况的750名大学生进行调查,结果发现：（1）大学生人际关系困扰总检出率为42.71%,其中有34.43%的大学生与他人相处存在一般程度的人际关系困扰,有8.28%的大学生存在较为严重的人际关系困扰。四个维度的困扰程度由高到低依次为：交友困扰、交谈困扰、与异性交往困扰、待人接物困扰。（2）男女大学生的人际关系困扰总体上没有显著差异,男生只在异性交往方面高于女生。（3）非独生子女与独生子女、贫困生与非贫困生在交友困扰和异性交往困扰方面有显著差异。（4）不同年级的大学生人际关系困扰程度有显著差异。困扰程度由低到高的顺序是：大一、大四、大二、大三。