Academic Outcomes of Ability Grouping Among Junior High School Students in Hong Kong

Abstract

Ability grouping is supposedly undesirable because it leads to deficits in academic self-concept and academic achievement. However, it appears to be justifiable for its improvement of teaching and learning in schools, perhaps more so in a collectivist culture. In view of the paucity of data examining the controversy in Hong Kong, the authors collected data from 2,720 junior high school students with a random sampling procedure and obtained teachers' reports about the students' subsequent academic achievement, ability grouping, and the ability level of the class. The authors maintained students' past academic achievement as a control variable in predicting their subsequent academic achievement and self-concepts. Results revealed no significant detrimental effect caused by the ability-grouped class and the ability level of the ability-grouped class. Rather, students in classes that were more homogeneous according to past academic achievement tended to have significantly higher subsequent academic achievement and self-esteem. Results revealed no variation attributable to each student's gender and IQ in the effects of ability grouping.     

Differences in Motivation Towards Science Subjects Among Kibbutz and Urban High School Students

This paper study analyzes differences in motivation towards science subjects among kibbutz and urban high school students in Israel. Students' motivational traits in science were explored by a questionnaire whose items corresponded to four motivational patterns: achievement, curiosity, conscientiousness and sociability. The major findings of this study are that a) Kibbutz students were mostly sociability oriented in the learning of science, b) city students were mostly sociability and achievement oriented in the learning of science, c) city students were better achievers than kibbutz students in junior high school, while in senior high school the difference between them was nonsignificant, d) there was a significant increase in kibbutz students' achievement motivation in learning science when passing from junior to senior high school.     

高中生英语课堂焦虑差异的实证分析

以268名高中生为有效被试,采用英语课堂焦虑问卷,考察不同性别、独生与非独生子女、城市与农村高中生英语课堂焦虑的差异。研究结果发现:不同性别高中生在英语课堂焦虑总均分及担心、紧张不安、害怕课堂提问三个因子均分上存在显著差异,男生得分均高于女生;独生与非独生子女、城市与农村高中生在英语课堂焦虑总均分及各因子均分上均没有显著差异。最后,给出了未来英语教育教学研究与实践的启示。     

针对学生的个别差异进行体育教学

差异是个体特征的具体反映。本文对学生在体育课中存在的个别差异作了客观的分析，并就如何克服学生的个别差异，提高教学质量进行探讨。     

粤东高职学生职业生涯规划能力现状分析与教育对策

学校职业生涯规划教育的最终目的是实现对学生职业规划能力的培养。该文对粤东地区三所职业技术学院学生的职业生涯规划能力开展了抽样问卷调查,分别从性别差异、专业差异、年级差异、生源地差异以及是否为学生干部等角度对其现状进行分析,并从增强教育意识、加强教育队伍建设、完善教育体系构建以及加强服务网络建设等四个方面对学校进一步加强和改进职业生涯规划教育,提出了相应的教育对策。     

Differences in Competence and Beliefs About Autism Among Teacher Education Students

Students with autism often are placed in general education classrooms, indicating general education teachers should be prepared to meet these students' needs. This survey study of teacher education students examined differences in educational training, beliefs about autism, and competence working with students with autism, according to college level and major area of study. Results showed that teacher education students held accurate beliefs about most aspects of autism, but they demonstrated misconceptions about special, gifted abilities. Secondary teacher education students were less likely to demonstrate accurate beliefs about the social emotional features of autism over the course of their training. General education teachers reported a lack of competence working with students with autism and believed additional training was needed. Findings suggested ongoing preservice training is needed to foster accurate beliefs about autism and competence working with students with autism.     

高中生化学自学能力的培养

化学自学能力是在没有教师直接作用的条件下,独立地学习化学的能力。教师应该从学生实际情况出发,尊重学生个性差异,以学生为中心开展教学活动,培养学生的自学能力。     

如何对待教学中学生的个体差异

学生的个体差异是教育教学活动应考虑的重要方面之一。因材施教被认为是应对教学中个体差异的有效方法。在对个体差异的涵义和变量进行分析的基础上,对因材施教这种以适应为主处理个体差异的教学思想和策略进行了反思,并提出要在承认差异,尊重差异的前提下,以形成学生的主体性为根本,在适应的基础上逐步超越学生的个体差异,以促进全体学生的全面发展。     

试论高中小说教学学生审美能力的培养

语文新课程改革更加关注学生的情感体验和审美能力的培养.但目前小说教学中,教师缺乏培养学生审美能力的意识、相应的理论与方法.因此,语文教师应从感知小说,初步审美体验;联系经验,促进审美体验;展开想象,丰富审美体验;推敲细品,深化审美体验;美读精彩段落,陶冶学生审美情感等方面,提高小说教学中学生的审美能力.     

Differences Among Low‐, Average‐ and High‐achieving College Students on Learning and Study Strategies

Abstract The purpose of the present investigation is to examine the differences between low‐, average‐ and high‐achieving college students on the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory scales. A total of 168 undergraduate students at the United Arab Emirates University participated as subjects. Subjects were classified into three achieving groups based on their grade point average (GPA) scores. Analysis of variance procedures indicated that low‐achieving students scored significantly lower than the average‐ and high‐achieving students on all of the scales. However, no significant differences were observed between the average‐ and high‐achieving groups on any of the scales. Furthermore, a stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that Motivation was the most powerful discriminating factor that separated low‐achieving students from their high‐achieving peers.     

高职院校学生能力自觉性培养

高职教育主要是以培养高技能型人才为目的,因此对高职学生能力的培养尤为重要.当前由于受社会环境、高职教育模式和错误认知的影响,导致了我们在培养人才过程中,重知识轻能力,重理论轻实践,重教师主导忽视学生主体作用.要改变这一现状,就应当在重视对学生能力培养的同时,通过多种途径培养学生能力自觉,使其能够对自我能力进行正确认识、评价和反思,从其主体性上完成能力自我转化和自我提高.     

Reputation Enhancement and Involvement in Delinquency Among High School Students

The present research explored the relationship between high school students' self-reported delinquency and the importance of their social reputations. The prevalence of self-reported delinquency was investigated in a sample of 965 (467 males, 498 females) Years 8 to 12 students attending high schools in Brisbane and Perth, Australia. The results revealed that males are significantly more prone to all forms of delinquent behaviour than their female peers. Most forms of delinquency appeared to peak at Year 9, with the exception of drug use which increased with age. A cluster analysis was performed on the prevalence data and students were separated into two groups: students with high and low involvement in delinquency. The reputations of students with high and low delinquency involvement were investigated. Students identified as having low involvement in delinquency desired a more conforming reputation than those with high involvement. Females also desired a more conforming reputation than their male counterparts. In relation to year level, junior high school students were less conforming than senior high school students. Ways to address the powerful nature of adolescent reputations and the link between reputational status and involvement in delinquent activities are highlighted.     

Examining Mental Health Differences Among Transfer University Students Seeking Counseling Services

This brief report was designed as a follow-up to a study that found that compared to nontransfer students that presented to the counseling center, transfer students who presented to the counseling center endorsed higher levels of symptoms of depression and social anxiety, as well as more academic and family problems. The current study investigated mental health differences within the transfer student population based on when (i.e., this semester; last semester; last year; 2 years ago; more than 2 years ago) and from where (i.e., community college vs. 4-year institution) students transferred. There were no significant differences based on when and from where students transferred. However, these findings still may be clinically meaningful and implications are presented.     

Gender Differences in Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidal Ideation Among College Students

The correlates and predictors of suicidal ideation were examined in 303 male and 691 female undergraduates. Results indicated that hopelessness predicted suicidal ideation in both samples; however, depression was found to be a significant suicide risk factor only in women. In contrast, alcohol-related problems and social support from family predicted suicidal ideation in men, but not in women. In addition, for both men and women perceived burdensomeness was a suicide risk factor and reasons for living a protective factor. When assessing risk for suicide, our results suggest that practitioners may need to focus more on depressive symptoms in women and more on alcohol-related problems in men, while considering hopelessness, perceived burdensomeness, and reasons for living regardless of gender. Prevention programs which target these identified risk and protective factors for suicidality should be developed specifically for college men and women.     

中学生数学学科自我监控能力的发展

发展数学学科自我监控能力是数学教学的核心问题。从总体上看,中学生数学学科自我监控能力随学生年龄的增长、数学知识的积累而不断发展,这种发展具有年龄阶段性特征,符合从他控制自控、从不自觉经自觉到自动化、迁移性逐渐提高、敏感性逐渐增强、从局部到整体等基本规律。当前中学生数学学科自我监控能力的发展落后于其他心理能力的发展,自我监控能力的培养是中学数学教学最大的薄弱环节。     

Individual Differences Among Enabling Students: A comparison across three enabling programmes

Two hundred and seven students undertaking enabling programmes at three different sites were administered measures of self-efficacy, self-concept, approaches to learning, causal attributions and self-regulatory control at the beginning and end of their first semester of study. Students were enrolled in either a mature aged (21 years + ) enabling course at the University of Newcastle (Open Foundation Course), an age-restricted enabling course (17-21) at the University of Newcastle (Newstep) or an unrestricted age entry Tertiary Preparation Certificate at the NSW TAFE. Analyses of variance indicated group differences across measures of approaches to learning, attributions and self-regulatory control, but no differences across measures of self-efficacy nor self-concept. Results are discussed in terms of the impact of age and institutional factors on students' adjustment to enabling programmes.     

论学生竞争精神和竞争能力的培养

竞争是社会运行的基本机制和普遍法则,存在于人类社会发展的各个阶段。我国进行社会主义现代化建设,必须提高国民经济的竞争力。而达此目标,必须高度重视国民的竞争精神和竞争能力的培养。在基础教育课程改革中,应把培养学生的竞争精神和竞争能力作为重要目标和内容。培养学生的竞争精神和竞争能力需落实在日常各科教学、校内外各种教育活动以及社会实践活动之中。     

中学生表达能力的培养

在学习中不少同学应用物理语言进行口头和书面表达物理规律、解释物理现象的能力较差。对于如何培养其物理的表达能力是每一位老师和同学不可忽视的问题。现就此问题作一探究,希望对同学们的学习和将面临的开学考试有所帮助。1 影响表达能力的因素