高强硼钢热拉伸性能试验研究

运用G1eeb1e1500D热模拟试验机对柱状硼铜（USIBOR1500P）进行热拉伸试验,研究高温下热成形硼钢的变形抗力。首先将试件加热到奥氏体化温度,再以40℃／s冷却速率降到950～550℃,分别以应变速率为0．01、0．1、1／s进行热拉伸试验,获得应力一应变曲线。通过实验结果,分析成形温度、变形程度和应变速率对高温成形件的影响,并利用最小二乘法进行多元线性回归,建立高温下的本构模型。试验结果表明：成形温度和应变速率对变形抗力的影响较为敏感,变形抗力随着成形温度的升高而减小,变形抗力随着变形程度、应变速率的增加而增大。     

6061铝合金热变形行为与热加工图

基于Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机平台,对6061铝合金进行等温热压缩实验,研究了该合金在变形温度为350~500℃和应变速率为0.01~10s-1条件下的高温流变行为并建立了6061铝合金的Arrhenius本构方程,应用于Deform软件进行热压缩实验模拟基于动态材料模型和Murty准则,建立了6061铝合金在不同应变下的加工图,结合显微组织进行验证。结果表明,该合金材料的流变应力随应变速率增加而增大,随变形温度降低而增大建立的本构方程能较好描述该合金的高温流变行为变形温度为460~500℃,应变速率为0.1~0.5s-1的区域是该合金最佳工艺参数范围。     

Al-1Mn-1Mg合金热变形过程中的动态软化行为研究

研究了Al-1Mn-1Mg合金不同变形下的流变应力曲线和微观结构特征,探讨了该铝材在热变形过程中的动态软化行为.结果表明,应变速率为0.1 s-1时,若变形温度较低,则发生了动态回复;若变形温度高于723 K,产生明显的动态再结晶;变形温度为673 K时,在低应变速率条件下,产生动态再结晶,应变速率高于0.1s-1,软化过程具有动态回复和动态再结晶的混合特征.当应变速率高于5.0s-1时,产生几何动态再结晶.     

铝合金压铸模具温度场数值分析

采用PROCAST对铝合金压铸用模具在压铸过程中的温度场进行了数值模拟,对压铸边界条件和传热系统的潜热采用热焓法进行了处理,分析了在不同时刻模具的温度场分布,分析了在不同的浇注温度和不同的模具预热温度情况下对模具温度场的影响,并且预测了热应力集中的位置,对压铸工艺参数的优化提出了见解,分析了冷却水管的作用,为压铸模具的热应力分析奠定基础。     

煤自燃氧化特性测试系统的耗氧规律分析

基于煤自燃氧化特性测试系统,推导煤自燃过程中的平均耗氧速率和标准耗氧速率计算式,求解各温度点煤体的平均氧浓度数值以及氧浓度和耗氧速率分布函数,确定煤自燃氧化动力学参数表达式。采用模拟实验对此系统的耗氧规律进行分析,结果表明,煤自燃过程中随着温度升高,反应体平均氧浓度点逐渐沿气体流动方向远离流动距离中心点,各温度点煤体氧浓度及耗氧速率沿流动路径呈负指数分布,当温度较低时可近似作线性处理。此外,分析表明,若以平均耗氧速率作为煤自燃氧化反应速率,可更全面、直观地对煤自燃氧化阶段进行划分。     

Deformation Behavior of Hot Isostatic Pressing FGH96 Superalloy

The deformation behavior of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) FGH96 superalloy was characterized in the temperature range of 1 000-1 100℃and strain rate range of 0.001-0.1s-1 using hot compression testing. The flow curves of HIP FGH96 superalloy during hot deformation was analyzed systematically. The results show that deformation temperature, strain rate and strain are the main influence factors on flow stress of HIP FGH96 superalloy during hot deformation. The flow stress displays a peak at a critical strain and then decreases with further increase in strain. For a given strain, the flow stress decreases with the increase of deformation temperature, and increases with the increase of strain rate. A mathematical model of these flow curves was established through regression analysis and taking the strain as a modification factor. The calculated stress values agree well with the experimental values.     

MgO引发剂对铝合金原位氧化生长的影响

通过热重分析实验,研究了在高温空气气氛中覆盖在Al-Zn—Si合金表面的MgO引发剂对铝合金直接氧化生长过程的作用。结果表明：MgO能显著缩短Al-Zn—Si合金熔体直接氧化所需的孕育期及Al2O3／Al复合材料的生长时间。同时发现MgO有助于Al2O3／Al复合材料以光滑的方式进行氧化生长,形成细化胞状晶团,提高组织结构的均匀度和材料的致密度。促进Al2O3／Al复合材料生长的MgO覆盖最佳量为12mg／cm^2。     

经高效熔体处理的易拉罐用铝材的高温流变应力行为

采用动态热模拟试验技术探讨了经高效熔体综合处理和均匀化退火后的易拉罐用铝材在高温压缩变形过程中，变形温度和应变速率对其稳态流变应力行为的影响规律。结果表明，该材料在高温变形时的稳态流变应力与应变速率、变形温度均满足Arrhenius方程，其中更满足双曲正弦函数关系；该材料的热变形是受热激活控制的塑性变形过程。     

Analysis and Simulation of Superplastic Sheet-Metal Bulging by Finite Element Method

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氧空位对SrBi4Ti4015铁电陶瓷电性能的影响

用高温固相烧结法制备了SrBi4Ti4O15（SBTi）铁电陶瓷,用双氧水浸泡72h进行氧处理的样品与未经过氧处理的样品进行对比研究。样品的介电损耗谱表明：氧处理使SBTi在20℃～300℃温度范围内的介质损耗明显降低,这主要是由于氧处理使样品中氧空位浓度降低引起的。在温度高于300℃时,经过氧处理的样品的介质损耗迅速增大,这是因为氧处理使空穴载流子浓度增大。通过对材料的直流电导与温度关系的Arrhenius拟合,分析了SBTi的导电机理。结果表明,氧处理并未明显改变样品在300℃。650℃温度区域的栽流子激活能,却使其在20℃一300℃范围内的激活能从0．52eV变化到0．71eV。     

Investigation on Zener-Hollomon parameter in the warm-hot deformation behavior of 20CrMn Ti

INTRODUCTION As one of the main forming materials for warm- forging accurate forming technology, 20CrMnTi cemented alloy steel is usually employed in the fab-rication of wearable parts subjected to medium dy-namic load, such as change gear, gear shaft, cross pin end, hub splines, etc., which are extensively adopted in the automobile industry. The application of warm forging technology (Hirschvogel and Dommelen, 1992; Sheljaskov, 1994; Shivpuri et al., 1994; Siegert et al., 1997; Lange…     

Acid Separation, Catalytic Oxidation and Coagulation for ATC Waste Liquid Treatment

It is difficult to treat 2-amino-thiazoline- 4-carboxylic acid (ATC) waste liquid effectively at present for its characteristics of high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high salinity and low biodegradability. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents several kinds of physical-chemical treatment unit techniques, including acid separation, catalytic oxidation and coagulation. First of all, acid separation was adopted to precipitate relevant organics at isoelectric point. When the temperature and pH value of acid separation were controlled at about 5 ℃ and 2.2 respectively, the COD removal rate could reach 27.6%. Secondly, oxidation was used to break chemical constitution of refractory organics. The optimal reaction parameters of catalytic oxidation should be 20 ℃, pH adjusted to 5.0 and [Fe^2 ] 300 mg/L. Then with 5% H2O2 added and after one-hour reaction, the COD removal rate could achieve about 52%. Finally, coagulation was adopted to remove a portion of refractory organics, and 15% polymeric molysite flocculant was the best for the coagulation, and the COD removal rate could reach about 15%. Therefore, the proposed feasible process of physicalchemical pretreatment for ATC waste liquid could have about 70% COD removed in total.     

激光焊接不锈钢的温度场数值模拟

采用有限元方法,建立了激光焊接不锈钢的三维瞬态温度场的计算模型,考虑了材料的热物理性能、相变潜热与温度的非线性关系以及表面对流换热和辐射散热等影响因素,使用SYSWELD软件对激光焊接过程中的温度场进行了分析。结果表明:在激光焊接的开始阶段和结束阶段温度快速上升,中间阶段温度变化较缓慢;沿激光束扫描方向和与扫描方向垂直的方向都存在较大的温度梯度,温度梯度的存在引起较大的热应力,而热应力的存在是焊接过程中易产生裂纹的主要原因。     

Effects of proteinase a on cultivation and viability characteristics of industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae WZ65

Proteinase A (PrA), encoded by PEP4 gene, is a key enzyme in the vacuoles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We characterized the effects of PrA on cell growth and glucose metabolism in the industrial S. cerevisiae WZ65. It was observed that the lag phase of cell growth of partial PEP4 gene deletion mutant (36 h) and PrA-negative mutant (48 h) was significantly ex-tended, compared with the wild type strain (24 h) (P<0.05), but PrA had no effect on glucose metabolism either under shaking or steady state cultivations. The logistic model was chosen to evaluate the effect of PrA on S. cerevisiae cell growth, and PrA was found to promote cell growth against insufficient oxygen condition in steady state cultivation, but had no effect in shaking culti-vation. The effects of glucose starvation on cell growth of partial PEP4 gene deletion strain and PrA-negative mutant were also evaluated. The results show that PrA partial deficiency increased the adaption ofS. cerevisiae to unfavorable nutrient environment, but had no effect on glucose metabolism under the stress of low glucose. During heat shock test, at 60 ℃ the reduced cell viability rate (RCVR) was 10% for the wild type S. cerevisiae and 90% for both mutant strains (P<0.01), suggesting that PrA was a negative factor for S. cerevisiae cells to survive under heat shock. As temperatures rose from 60 ℃ to 70 ℃, the wild type S. cerevisiae had significantly lower relative glucose consumption rate (RGCR) (61.0% and 80.0%) than the partial mutant (78.0% and 98.5%) and the complete mutant (80.0% and 98.0%) (P<0.05), suggesting that, in coping with heat shock, cells of the PrA mutants increased their glucose consumption to survive. The present study may provide meaningful information for brewing industry; however, the role of PrA in industrial S. cerevisiae physiology is complex and needs to be further investigated.     

Numerical Simulation of Response of SRC Columns Subjected to Blast Loading

The dynamic characteristics and failure modes of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns subjected to blast loading are complicated because of the transient stress wave in the SRC columns and the interaction between steel and concrete. This paper presents a numerical simulation of the response of SRC columns subjected to blast loading using hydrocode LS-DYNA. In the numerical model, a sophisticate concrete material model (the Concrete Damage Model) is employed with consideration of the strain rate effect and the damage accumulation. An erosion technique is adopted to model the spalling process of concrete. The possible failure modes of SRC columns are evaluated. It is observed that the failure of SRC columns subjected to blast load can generally be classified into three modes, namely, a direct failure in concrete body due to the stress wave, a transverse shear failure near the support sections due to the high shear force, and a flexural failure pertaining to large local and global deformation of the reinforcing steel.     

Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on Dynamic Properties of Concrete

To study the dynamic properties of the concrete subjected to impulsive loading,stress-time curves of concrete in different velocities were measured using split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB).Effects of temperature and strain rate on the dynamic yield strength and constitutive relation of the concrete were analyzed.The dynamic mechanical properties of the reinforced concrete are subjected to high strain rates when it is at a relatively low temperature.But with temperature increasing,the temperature softening effect makes the strength of the concrete weaken and the impact toughness of the concrete is saliently relative to strain rate effect.So,strain rate effect,strain hardening and temperature softening work together on the dynamic mechanical capability of concrete and the relation between them is relatively corn plex.     

Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on Dynamic Properties of Concrete

To study the dynamic properties of the concrete subjected to impulsive loading, stress-time curves of concrete in different velocities were measured using split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB).Effects of temperature and strain rate on the dynamic yield strength and constitutive relation of the con-crete were analyzed. The dynamic mechanical properties of the reinforced concrete are subjected to high strain rates when it is at a relatively low temperature. But with temperature increasing, the temperature softening effect makes the strength of the concrete weaken and the impact toughness of the concrete is saliently relative to strain rate effect. So, strain rate effect, strain hardening and temperature softening work together on the dynamic mechanical capability of concrete and the relation between them is relatively complex.     

铝金属空心球型泡沫材料的动态力学性能分析

采用有限元法分析铝金属空心球型闭孔泡沫材料的动态力学性能,研究了冲击速度、相对密度、基体材料的应变强化以及功能梯度对泡沫材料的平台应力和密实化应变能的影响。结果表明：泡沫材料的平台应力和密实化应变能均随着冲击速度、相对密度和应变强化的增加而增强;功能梯度模型在能量吸收方面表现出明显的优越性,即密度最大的一层作为冲击端、密度最小的一层作为固定端的梯度配置泡沫模型的能量吸收最大。     

羟基氧化铁催化臭氧氧化降解苯胺废水

以实验室制备的羟基氧化铁（FeOOH）为催化剂催化臭氧氧化处理苯胺废水,对比催化臭氧氧化与单独臭氧降解苯胺的效率,实验结果表明,FeOOH催化臭氧氧化能加快对苯胺的降解速率,并且矿化程度高.说明FeOOH对臭氧氧化水中的苯胺具有明显的催化作用.探讨了氧气的进气流量、苯胺的初始浓度、水溶液的pH、催化剂的投加量等因素对催化氧化苯胺的影响.研究表明：氧气的进气流量为30L/h、初始浓度300mg/L时、pH值7.3、催化剂的投加量为2g/L、反应15min后,苯胺的去除率可达98.2%,COD的去除率可达70%.在催化体系中加入自由基捕获剂叔丁醇后,催化臭氧氧化反应明显受到抑制,间接证明了FeOOH催化臭氧氧化苯胺遵循自由基反应机理.     

Effect of carbon, silicon, and manganese content on mean flow stress at elevated temperature

Ten studied steels including different carbon content, silicon content, and manganese content were deformed in compression over a temperature range of 600 C to 1 000 C at the strain rate of 1 s1. The curves of the mean flow stress-deformation temperature were drawn up. The mean flow stresses of higher carbon content steels decreased continuously as the applied deformation temperature increased in the whole temperature range, while the mean flow stress of lowest carbon steel displayed an abrupt drop near the two phases region. The reason for the abrupt drop phenomena was explained as the result of phase transformation. The mean flow stresses of steels with high silicon content and low manganese content also have this phenomena.