Teaching English as a Missionary Language

Surveying the massive current project of teaching English as a missionary language, this article raises concerns about the scale and cultural politics of this work, as well as issues of trust and disclosure, and the implicit support it provides for furthering the global spread of English. We discuss various responses to this work, from the Christian evangelical and Christian service positions, to the liberal agnostic, secular humanistic and critical pedagogical. Unless we engage in debate over the various moral projects tied up with English language teaching, we argue, educators will be unable to establish the grounds for our choices between missionary, liberal or critical projects.     

略论爱因斯坦的科学精神与科学思想

爱因斯坦是位伟大的科学家,同时也是一位杰出的思想家。他的怀疑和批判精神,关于自然界统一性的思想和自然科学的唯物主义是引导他取得一系列科学成就的指导思想,并已成为人类宝贵的精神财富,对科学的进步产生了并将继续产生巨大的推动作用。     

论英国伦敦会传教士艾约瑟与中西科技交流

如何处理基督教文化和儒教文化两大异质文化,成为19世纪中西文化交流中颇为复杂的问题。外国传教士对待中西文化的态度趋于两极。以利玛窦为代表的一些人为了减少传教的阻力,有认同儒学的倾向;另有些人以＂文明和优等民族的代表＂自居而无视中国文化;英国伦敦会传教士艾约瑟则提出＂中学西源说＂。     

理雅各传教士身份与翻译家身份的交叉性解析

传教士翻译家理雅各在中国经典的翻译实践中找寻中国宗教的神圣性。他在阐释中国经典时采取的不同策略显示了译者作为翻译家兼传教士双重身份的交叉性。译本中频频出现＂直译加注＂的现象向我们表明了一位学者型翻译家对中国文化的尊重;而本着对传教事业的忠诚,也为了让他的译本读者能较好地理解博大精深的中国传统文化,必要时诉诸于＂心灵沟通＂翻译法也是他作为一名基督教传教士的明智选择。     

医学传教士与非医学科学文化的传播

新教医学传教士是传教士中的一个特殊群体,他们在传播医学和宗教的同时,还通过多种方式将近代西方的天文、地理、地质、矿物、化学等自然科学知识和国际法、经济学、政治学等方面的社会科学知识传入中国。这些科学传播活动虽然有限,但对近代中国社会产生了不容忽视的作用。     

西方科学在传教士来华活动中的角色转换考析

西方科学在中国教育近代化过程中扮演着重要的角色,西方传教士作为传播西方科学的主要力量之一,客观上加速了中国教育近代化的发展。通过考察西方传教士在中国传播西方科学的历史活动,探究西方科学在其活动中的角色转换,分析西方科学在中国教育近代化进程中的历史学意义,有助于我们客观评价传教士在中国教育近代化过程中的作用。     

Einstein as armchair detective: The case of stimulated radiation

Einstein was in many ways like a detective on a mystery trail, though in his case he was on the trail of nature’s mysteries and not some murder mystery! And like all good detectives he had a style. It consisted of taking facts that he knew were correct and forcing nature into a situation that would contradict this established truth. In this process she would be forced to reveal some new truths. Einstein’s 1917 paper on the quantum theory of radiation is a classic example of this style that enabled him to predict the existence of stimulated radiation starting from an analysis of thermodynamic equilibrium between matter and radiation.     

Einstein as armchair detective: The case of stimulated radiation

Einstein was in many ways like a detective on a mystery trail, though in his case he was on the trail of nature’s mysteries and not some murder mystery! And like all good detectives he had a style. It consisted of taking facts that he knew were correct and forcing nature into a situation that would contradict this established truth. In this process she would be forced to reveal some new truths. Einstein’s 1917 paper on the quantum theory of radiation is a classic example of this style that enabled him to predict the existence of stimulated radiation starting from an analysis of thermodynamic equilibrium between matter and radiation.     

Thomas Kuhn as a Historian of Science

Science &; Education - Thomas S. Kuhn (1922–1996) exerted a strong force on intellectual discourse in the last third of the 20th century, by the publication of a book only 200 pages long....     

Academic Science as a System of Markets

It is instructive to think of UK academic science as in interlocking system of 'markets', where 'vendors' offer 'commodities' to 'customers' in return for 'currencies'. In the institutional market, higher education institutions compete commercially as research contractors. Money is also the effective currency in the markets in projects, academic jobs and intellectual property rights. But these are linked with the metaphorical reputational and research claims markets where academics compete fiercely for intangible 'recognition'.
Some typical market imperfections, such as research customer monopsony, arbitrary variations of project pricing, inadequate information on quality, and rigidities of staffing, could be reduced by systematic reform. But some current structural problems are deep-seated. For example, damaging conflict between institutional and individual interests is being generated by the introduction of commercial 'market forces' into the traditional academic marketplace, where competition was always by quality, not by price, and where individuals could enter and leave at minimal personal cost.     

Neuroscience as a Contemporary Science Domain to Contextualize Nature of Science Instruction

Science & Education - The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate if neuroscience, a contemporary example of science-in-the-making, provides a useful domain for contextualized...     

自由是科学发展的必要条件——爱因斯坦的启示

爱因斯坦认为,科学工作者所具有的外在的自由和内心的自由是科学发展的必要条件.爱因斯坦对科学发展所必需的自由的理解和追求,在今天对我们促进科学的发展具有多方面的启示作用.     

医务传道方法与“中国医务传道会”的早期活动

1830年,来华基督教新教传教士在其传教活动中,根据中国社会文化的特点和中国民众对外来宗教的态度,逐渐探索并形成了一种具有特色的传教方法,即“医务传道”方法。传教士试图通过为一般民众提供免费的医疗服务,来扩大基督教在华传播的基础。1838年成立的“中国医务传道会”,是具体推行这种传教方法的机构。从1830到1850年间。在它的组织和支持下,一些传教医生在各通商口岸分别开办了医疗机构,医治病人数十万。“ 医务传道”活动使基督教新教势力在中国的扩展获得了有利的条件,但同时在客观上也为近代西方医学的传入准备了条件。     

为什么说科学是一种文化

科学作为人类对自然界的认识活动,受到不同文化模式的哲学思想、价值观和信仰体系的强烈影响。因此,不同的科学携带了各自的文化基因,呈现出明显的文化特色。这就意味着,科学、哲学、文化是三位一体的,文化基因决定了科学的所有本质特征。我们今天学习的科学(中医学除外)是在西方文化土壤上诞生和生长的,它带有全套西方文化基因,所以我们要想在科学方面赶上西方国家,就必须实施大规模的“文化基因工程”。     

作为社会科学方法论的博弈论

博弈论以广义的游戏为其研究对象,游戏的参与人被假定是理想的理性人。冯·诺依曼将博弈确定成数学的研究对象,本质上讲博弈是一门数学。冯·诺依曼希望通过博弈论的构建与研究,希望自己成为社会科学中的牛顿。博弈论自诞生后得到迅猛的发展。今天,博弈论被广泛并成功地运用于社会科学之中,成了社会科学的通用方法论。     

论教育学作为一门严格的科学

作为一门严格科学的教育学建立在对完整的普遍的人性的探询与追求之上.这是教育学的存在本性.现代教育学的危机恰在于对完整的普遍人性的放逐、遗忘和解构,结果导致教育学作为科学的亏空与现代教育学的泛滥:人性的丧失与物性的充斥.重新审视教育学,贯注一种几何学精神与现象学原理,使教育学回到自身,成为一门严格的科学.     

论教育学作为一门严格的科学

作为一门严格科学的教育学建立在对完整的普遍的人性的探询与追求之上。这是教育学的存在本性。现代教育学的危机恰在于对完整的普遍人性的放逐、遗忘和解构,结果导致教育学作为科学的亏空与现代教育学的泛滥:人性的丧失与物性的充斥。重新审视教育学,贯注一种几何学精神与现象学原理,使教育学回到自身,成为一门严格的科学。