体育运动与脂肪

脂肪 　　1.脂肪的生理功能 　　(1)脂肪是供能的最高营养素.脂肪以脱氢氧化为主,产生热能较大,每克脂肪在体内氧化可产生37.7KJ,是体内储存热能和供给热能的重要物质.……     

非蛋白呼吸商中糖和脂肪氧化百分比类型的确定

非蛋白呼吸商是生理学中的一个重要概念，指的是糖的脂肪体内氧化时放出的CO2量与消耗的O2量的比值。对应不同的非蛋白呼吸商，糖和脂肪氧化的百分比不同。本通过定量计算分析表明，糖和脂肪氧化百分比既不是质量百分比，也不是放能百分比，而是耗氧百分比。     

中高强度运动中糖的供能代谢及补充

1中高强度运动中糖的供能代谢 糖是人体内的重要供能物质,糖原和葡萄糖都可以通过无氧和有氧代谢的方式释放能量。而且糖氧化具有耗能低、输出功率较脂肪氧化大等特点,是中高强度运动的主要能量来源,同时糖又是惟一的无氧代谢合成ATP的细胞燃料。运动中的供能物质还有磷酸原,脂肪和蛋白质,但运动肌肉对各种供能物质的利用比例主要取决于运动强度及运动持续时间。     

体育运动与脂肪

脂肪1.脂肪的生理功能(1)脂肪是供能的最高营养素。脂肪以脱氢氧化为主,产生热能较大,每克脂肪在体内氧化可产生37.7KJ,是体内储存热能和供给热能的重要物质。(2)脂肪构成身体组织的成分。类脂质是细胞组成的基本成分,胆固醇是体内固醇类激素的必需物质。(3)促进脂溶性维生素的吸收和利用。脂溶性维生素A、D、E、K多含在脂肪中,富有脂肪的食物可供给脂溶性维生素。此外,脂溶性维生素必需借助于脂肪的溶解才能被机体吸收和利用。(4)增加食物的美味和饱腹感。适量的食用油脂可增强食用的香味和外观,有刺激食欲的作用。同时由于脂肪食物在胃…     

铝与氢氧化钠溶液反应的实验探究

金属铝的化学性质活泼,容易被空气中的氧气氧化,在表面形成一层致密而稳定的氧化膜(三氧化二铝),该氧化膜可以保护内层金属不被继续氧化。因此,铝制品具有较强的抗腐蚀性。在现实生活中,人们常用铝制器皿来盛水和烧水,但是不能就此认为     

糖类才是产热量相等而耗氧量较小的物质

20 0 0年全国中学生生物学联赛理论试题中 ,有这样一道选择题 :营养物质中 ,体外燃烧和体内氧化产热量相等而耗氧量较小的是 :Ａ 糖类　　　　　　Ｂ 脂肪Ｃ 蛋白质　　　　　Ｄ 脂肪和蛋白质该题的侧重点是“耗氧量较小的” ,主要考查学生三方面的知识 :一是三大有机物的化学元素组成及其含量 ;二是它们在氧化时的分解产物及其耗氧量 ;三是它们在体外燃烧与体内氧化时产热量怎样。实际上三大有机物中 ,糖类与脂肪不论是体外燃烧还是体内氧化 ,其分解产物都是ＣＯ2 和Ｈ2 Ｏ ,产热量都是相等的 ;只有蛋白质在体外燃烧时产物是ＣＯ2 、Ｈ2 Ｏ…     

浅析黄柳菇运动营养成分的含量与生理功效

对黄柳菇营养成分的含量进行了分析,结果表明黄柳菇含有丰富的蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素与矿物质、多糖、黄酮类化合物、脂肪和膳食纤维等运动营养物质,且脂肪舍量很低。这些成分具有抗疲劳、抗氧化、增强免疫力的功效,是理想的绿色保健食品和可能成为高效、无毒的运动营养补剂。     

掌握三羧酸循环，学好糖、脂肪和氨基酸代谢

本文就三羧酸循环是糖、脂肪和氨基酸三大能源物质彻底氧化的共同途径，也是它们相互转化的枢纽这一特点，阐明在学习糖、脂肪和氨基酸代谢时，掌握三羧酸循环的重要作用。     

离子液体催化碳酸丙烯酯开环聚合反应

为了降低制备脂肪族聚碳酸酯过程中环境污染,提出采用离子液体催化碳酸丙烯酯开环聚合制备脂肪族聚碳酸酯。考察了离子液体的酸性及其对开环聚合过程中转化率、酯基含量及相对分子质量的影响。实验结果表明,吡啶为探针分子红外光谱法能测定离子液体的酸性;不同Lewis酸性离子液体[Bpy]Cl-(Zn Cl2)x均能催化碳酸丙烯酯开环聚合形成脂肪族聚碳酸酯,反应过程伴随着聚合、脱羧、断链反应历程;离子液体可分离回收循环再用,且具有不挥发、不易燃易爆、不易氧化、较高的热稳定性和化学稳定性,使产物脂肪族聚碳酸酯纯净无杂质。实验证明,离子液体催化碳酸丙烯酯开环聚合是制备脂肪族聚碳酸酯较好的途径。     

通过自由基历程合成3-季碳氧化吲哚的研究进展

3-季碳氧化吲哚是一类广泛存在天然产物中的化合物。近年来,由于其具有抗菌,抗炎,抗肿瘤等活性而引起人们广泛关注,对其的合成研究也大量涌现。本文将介绍通过自由基历程合成3-季碳氧化吲哚的研究进展。     

The analyzing of Dove marketing strategy

<正>1.Introduction In this report,I try to analyze the related information about DOVE chocolate.Firstly,I would like to introduce this product.Dove chocolate is one of a series of products launched by the world's largest pet food and snack food manufacturers,U.S.multinational food company Mars(Mars).Entered China in 1989,It becomes China's leading brand of chocolate in     

Children's sensitivity to their own relative ignorance: handling of possibilities under epistemic and physical uncertainty

Children more frequently specified possibilities correctly when uncertainty resided in the physical world (physical uncertainty) than in their own perspective of ignorance (epistemic uncertainty). In Experiment 1 (N=61), 4- to 6-year-olds marked both doors from which a block might emerge when the outcome was undetermined, but a single door when they knew the block was hidden behind one door. In Experiments 2 (N=30; 5- to 6-year-olds) and 3 (N=80; 5- to 8-year-olds), children placed food in both possible locations when an imaginary pet was yet to occupy one, but in a single location when the pet was already hidden in one. The results have implications for interpretive theory of mind and "curse of knowledge."     

番茄红素的生理特性及其在运动中的应用前景

番茄红素具有抗氧化、消除人体自由基等优越的生理功能,是一种很有发展前途的功能性天然色素。番茄红素在预防人类的某些癌症和其他疾病发生方面起着重要的作用。通过对番茄红素的理化性质、生物合成、吸收分布、提取分析、生理功能、生产应用等方面的研究及应用前景综合分析,认为番茄红素对于提高人体运动能力等方面有着较高的价值和作用。     

2006年深圳市畜禽肉类食品安全抽查结果分析

为了了解深圳市食品安全状况，有目的地进行管理，确保食品消费安全，采用购买方式对全市超市、农贸市场、餐馆酒楼和集体食堂待销售或待烹饪的畜肉类食品，如猪肉、牛肉和猪肝，及禽肉类食品等进行抽样检查，按照国家、行业和地方标准评价并计算抽查结果的合格率。结果显示，全市畜肉类食品抽查平均合格率为79．4％，其中猪肉合格率为95，0％，牛肉合格率为83．3％，猪肝合格率为60．0％，不同畜肉品种合格率比较有较显著性差异（p〈0，001）：全市禽肉类食品抽查平均合格率为63，3％，其中鸡肉合格率为83．3％，鸭肉合格率为39，2％，鸡肉与鸭肉合格率比较有极显著性差异（p〈0.001）：超市、农贸市场、餐馆酒楼和集体食堂4个不同抽样点的畜、禽肉合格率比较无显著性差异（p〉0.05）。深圳市肉类食品安全状况总体良好，但仍存在不安全因素，提示政府卫生监管部门仍需加大对食品安全监管力度。     

中原回族清真饮食文化发展初探——以开封马豫兴为例

马豫兴桶子鸡是开封的传统回族清真食品,历史悠久,风味独特,屡获殊荣。其清真工艺如何传承发展,百年字号怎样保护弘扬,是值得深思的,事关中原清真饮食文化发展振兴的大问题。     

Children's experiences of companion animal maltreatment in households characterized by intimate partner violence

Cruelty toward companion animals is a well-documented, coercive tactic used by abusive partners to intimidate and control their intimate partners. Experiences of co-occurring violence are common for children living in families with intimate partner violence (IPV) and surveys show that more than half are also exposed to abuse of their pets. Given children's relationships with their pets, witnessing such abuse may be traumatic for them. Yet little is known about the prevalence and significance of this issue for children. The present study examines the experiences of children in families with co-occurring pet abuse and IPV. Using qualitative methods, 58 children ages 7–12 who were exposed to IPV were asked to describe their experiences of threats to and harm of their companion animals. Following the interviews, template analysis was employed to systematically develop codes and themes. Coding reliability was assessed using Randolph's free-marginal multirater kappa (k_free = .90). Five themes emerged from the qualitative data, the most common being children's exposure to pet abuse as a power and control tactic against their mother in the context of IPV. Other themes were animal maltreatment to discipline or punish the pet, animal cruelty by a sibling, children intervening to prevent pet abuse, and children intervening to protect the pet during a violent episode. Results indicate that children's experiences of pet abuse are multifaceted, potentially traumatic, and may involve multiple family members with diverse motives.     

Type-dependent differential expression of neuropeptide Y in chicken hypothalamus （Gallus domesticus）

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most important orexigenic agents in central regulation of feeding behavior, body weight and energy homeostasis in domestic chickens. To examine differences in the hypothalamic NPY between layer-type and meat-type of chickens, which are two divergent kinds of the domestic chickens in feeding behavior and body weight, we detected mRNA levels of NPY in hypothalamic infundibular nucleus (IN), paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) of these two types of chickens using one-step real time RT-PCR. The meat-type chicken had more food daily (about 1.7 folds) and greater body weights (about 1.5 folds) and brain weights than the layer-type chicken at the age of 14 d. In the meat-type of chicken, NPY mRNA levels of the IN and PVN were significantly greater than those of the LHA, and were not significantly different between the IN and PVN. However, in the layer-type of chicken, NPY mRNA levels were significantly greater in the IN than those in the LHA and PVN, and were not significantly different between the PVN and LHA. In all these hypothalamic regions, the layer-type of chicken had significantly higher NPY mRNA levels than the meat-type chicken did. These results suggest the expression of NPY in the hypothalamus has a type-dependent pattern in domestic chickens.     

Any reward will do: Effects of a reverse-reward contingency on size preference with pet dogs (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Canis lupus familiaris</Emphasis>)

The reverse-reward contingency (RRC) task involves presenting subjects with a choice between one plate containing a large amount of food and a second plate containing a small amount of food. Subjects are then required to select the smaller of the two options in order to receive the larger-magnitude reward. The RRC task is a commonly used paradigm for assessing complex cognition, such as inhibitory control, in subjects. To date, the RRC task has not been tested with pet dogs as subjects, and it may provide insights to their ability to perceive quantities of differing magnitudes. Nine dogs were tested in an RRC task involving three conditions. In Condition 1, plates of food were presented, and the dogs were allowed to consume their choice. In Condition 2, plates with different-sized symbols resembling the quantities of food in Condition 1 were presented, and dogs received food quantities of the same size as their choice (e.g., a larger-magnitude reward for selecting the plate with the larger shape). In Condition 3, the same plates were presented, but dogs received a reverse-sized quantity of food, relative to their choice (e.g., a smaller-magnitude reward for selecting the plate with the larger shape). A novel addition here to the traditional RRC task was the inclusion of a third, empty (control) plate that was present throughout all conditions, and no programmed consequences were provided when that plate was selected. Our results were consistent with the previous RRC literature: All dogs developed and maintained a preference for the larger stimulus option across conditions. The use of symbolic representations did not ameliorate performance on the RRC task. Applied implications are discussed.     

宠物金融良性发展路径探析

我国的消费金融自2015年兴起以来,参与者众多并且人数倍增,竞争激烈。当下,宠物消费被开发为新消费场景,成为消费金融的新切入点,亦成为许多金融企业发展的突破口。宠物金融虽渐热,但其在发展过程中出现的问题不容忽视。文章通过对我国宠物金融现行的发展模式与现实困境进行分析,为该行业的良性发展提出建议。     

爸爸不明白

托尼和爸爸站在一家宠物店的橱窗前看着一条黑色的狗。当托尼宣称“就是它!它就是我想要的宠物!”的时候,爸爸根本没明白他的意思。