The pth moment boundedness of stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching

This paper gives some Razumikhin-type theorems on pth moment boundedness of stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching (SFDEwMS) by using Razumikhin technique and comparison principle. Some improved conditions on pth moment stability are also proposed. The main results of this paper allow the estimated upper bound of the diffusion operator associated with the underlying SFDEwMS of the Lyapunov function to have time-varying coefficients (the coefficients may even be sign-changing functions). Examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.     

The anti-Lagrangian equations: A missing network description

The explicit topological formulation of dynamic equations in terms of scalar functions for RM (M-memristor) networks, called the anti-Lagrangian equations, is introduced. In general, two scalar functions are needed to set the anti-Lagrangian equations. The differential operators acting on these functions bear a certain anti-symmetry relationship with respect to the operators occuring in the standard Lagrangian equations for LC networks. The well-known stationary principles for pure R networks, as well as new quasi-stationary principles for pure M networks are shown to emerge naturally from anti-Lagrangian equations. The form of transformation of variables leaving the form of equations invariant is also studied.     

KP差分-微分方程组及其精确解(英文)

通过定义平移算子和差分算子 ,并利用Lax配对的方法 ,找到了KP差分 -微分方程组的正确形式 .定义了差分指数函数 .借助穿衣算子法 ,得到了KP差分 -微分方程组的精确解析解 .还讨论了KP差分 -微分方程组及其解的展开形式 .     

Parameter estimation on linear time-varying systems

This paper studies parameter estimation for a class of linear, continuous, time-varying dynamic systems whose state-space model's matrices are affine combinations of static matrix coefficients and the aforementioned time-varying scalar parameters. It is assumed that the coefficient matrices are all known, that the state is mensurable, and that the parameters are bounded piecewise continuous functions of time. Estimation methods are developed from basic equations for a single parameter first, and later extended to multiple parameters.     

高斯平滑算子对Y—K模型改进的图像去噪方法

研究了在偏微分方程理论框架下进行图像去噪的方法,重点对二阶和四阶偏微分方程的主要去噪方法进行了分析。二阶偏微方程模型中的P—M模型能很好地去除噪声,但时常会出现块状现象;四阶偏微分方程模型中Y—K模型能消除阶梯效应但会出现斑点现象。使用Gilboa扩散系数、中值滤波器和高斯平滑算子对YK模型进行改进。实验证明．新模型减少了迭代次数,提高了算法效率。也一定程度上避免了块状及斑点现象。     

具p-Laplacian算子型三点边值问题解的存在性

研究了一类具p-Laplacian算子的非线性常微分方程三点边值问题解的存在性,利用Mawhin连续引理的推广形式,得到了方程解存在的充分条件。     

Boundary stabilization of a class of reaction–advection–diffusion systems via a gradient-based optimization approach

In this paper, the boundary stabilization problem of a class of unstable reaction–advection–diffusion (RAD) systems described by a scalar parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) is considered. Different the previous research, we present a new gradient-based optimization framework for designing the optimal feedback kernel for stabilizing the unstable PDE system. Our new method does not require solving non-standard Riccati-type or Klein–Gorden-type PDEs. Instead, the feedback kernel is parameterized as a second-order polynomial whose coefficients are decision variables to be tuned via gradient-based dynamic optimization, where the gradients of the system cost functional (which penalizes both kernel and output magnitude) with respect to the decision parameters are computed by solving a so-called “costate” PDE in standard form. Special constraints are imposed on the kernel coefficients to ensure that the optimized kernel yields closed-loop stability. Finally, three numerical examples are illustrated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Numerical solution of systems of mixed partial differential equations associated with transport phenomena with exchange

The so-called “percolation operations” which involve simultaneous heat and mass transport are defined in terms of a system of mixed partial differential equations which are nonlinear and include variable coefficients. Second-order interpolation followed by integration over an increment of the time or space variable is proposed as a method for arriving at finite difference equation equivalents of the original partial differential equations. A model change is also used to give physical significance to finite difference equivalents associated with derivatives in the space dimension. It is shown that second-order interpolation has the advantage over linear interpolation that it introduces a factor β which in a stability analysis based on cencentrations offers a range of choices that will insure stable calculation on a digital machine.     

Uniform separable differential operators with parameters

In this paper we study boundary value problems for anisotropic partial differential-operator equations with parameters. The principal part of the appropriate differential operators are not self-adjoint. Several conditions for the uniform separability in weighted Banach-valued L_p-spaces are given. Sharp estimates for the resolvent of the corresponding differential operator are obtained. In particular the positivity and R-positivity of these operators are established. As an application we study the separability of degenerate DOEs, maximal regularity for degenerate abstract parabolic problem with parameters, the uniform separability of finite and infinite systems for degenerate anisotropic partial differential equations with parameters.     

On numerical solutions for hyperbolic–parabolic equations with the multipoint nonlocal boundary condition

A numerical method is proposed for solving multi-dimensional hyperbolic–parabolic differential equations with the nonlocal boundary condition in t and Dirichlet and Neumann conditions in space variables. The first and second order of accuracy difference schemes are presented. The stability estimates for the solution and its first and second orders difference derivatives are established. A procedure of modified Gauss elimination method is used for solving these difference schemes in the case of a one-dimensional hyperbolic–parabolic differential equations with variable coefficients in x and two-dimensional hyperbolic–parabolic equation.     

A generalization of the Peano-Baker method

An improvement of the Peano-Baker iterative method (matrizant method) for solving a system of first order linear differential equations with variable coefficients is presented. The new method utilizes the structure of the matrix of coefficients to define iterative schemes which may converge much more rapidly than the traditional method.     

Evaluations of matrix functions by real similarity transformation

An effective way of constructing transforming matrix which similarly transforms a real square matrix to a quasi-diagonal form, is obtained. The transforming matrix as well as the quasi-diagonal form are real, regardless whether the given matrix has real eigenvalues or not. Formulas are included; they can be applied conveniently to evaluate a matrix function f(A) from the given scalar function f(λ). Three examples are given to illustrate the ease of application. These are the solutions of system differential equations of first and second order, and the determination of Nth root of a square matrix.     

A system operator theorem on positive real operators

A new theorem expands the domain of the scalar immittance functions Z(p) to the operator Z(T) where T(s) is an invertible linear passive n-port system. Elements R, L, C of Z(p) are replaced by operators RI, LT, and [CT] ^{- 1}. All frequency transformations may be considered contained in this theorem when T is a scalar.     

Chebyshev polynomial solutions of systems of higher-order linear Fredholm-Volterra integro-differential equations

A Chebyshev collocation method, an expansion method, has been proposed in order to solve the systems of higher-order linear integro-differential equations. This method transforms the IDE system and the given conditions into the matrix equations via Chebyshev collocation points. By merging these results, a new system which corresponds to a system of linear algebraic equations is obtained. The solution of this system yields the Chebyshev coefficients of the solution function. Some numerical results are also given to illustrate the efficiency of the method. Moreover, this method is valid for the systems of differential and integral equations.     

Integraph solution of differential equations

In a previous article¹ a continuously recording integraph was described, by means of which differential equations, involving only one integration, could be solved. The present article describes a revision of this machine such that an equation involving two successive integrations, corresponding to practically any second-order total differential equation, with all terminal conditions included, can be solved. The need for a workable means of solving the differential equations involving empirical and discontinuous coefficients which occur repeatedly in electrical engineering and physics is recalled. In the machine described such solutions are effected by means of suitable interlinked integrating devices, the result being plotted continuously as a function of the independent variable. Tests and simple solutions show the over-all error to be approximately 1 or 2 per cent. The various sources of this error are discussed.     

Adaptive actuator fault-tolerant control for a three-dimensional Euler–Bernoulli beam with output constraints and uncertain end load

This paper studied an adaptive actuator fault-tolerant control scheme for the flexible Euler–Bernoulli beam in the three-dimensional space with output constraints and uncertain end load. The dynamic models are represented by partial differential equations (PDEs) and ordinary differential equations (ODEs). When part of the actuator fails, an adaptive control scheme is designed to regulate the vibration and stabilize the flexible three-dimensional Euler–Bernoulli beam. Barrier Lyapunov Function (BLF) is adopted to realize output constraints of the system. Adaptive control law with projection mapping operator is designed to compensate for the end load which is uncertain and bounded. The goal of this paper is to suppress the displacement of the flexible three-dimensional Euler–Bernoulli beam which can be constrained in given bounds under actuator fault and uncertain, bounded end load. It is confirmed that the proposed control scheme can deal with the vibration, adaptive actuator fault-tolerant control, uncertain and bounded end load and output constraints of the system simultaneously. Finally, numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the method.     

Analysis of Repeated Systems with Non- identical,Non-commutative Interactions Using Bond Graph Adapted Operator Perturbation

A technique is presented to study the dynamics of a class of repeated systems with non-commutative interactions. The system equations are formulated using tensor product algebra. A pre-analysis of the system equations is carried out to reduce the interactions to a small perturbing operator. The formal operator perturbation scheme is discussed. The procedure of pretreatment is adapted to bond graph techniques for the ease of representation of dynamic systems. It is shown that the method of operator perturbation may also be handled very conveniently by bond graph approach. The overall system dynamics can be studied from the analysis of the subsystems coupled through the perturbing operator. This results in a substantial reduction in the size of the problem to be considered. The procedure is illustrated by suitable examples.     

Stabilization of time delay systems with saturations via PDE predictor boundary control design

This paper addresses the stabilization issue of linear time delay system with input saturation and distinct input delays via predictor feedback boundary control algorithm by employing transport partial differential equations (PDEs). First, the addressed ordinary differential equation (ODE) system with input delay is equivalently represented as a cascade of an ODE and transport PDEs. Second, by employing the backstepping Volterra integral transformation technique, the equivalent cascade system is transformed into a stable target system, whose kernels are solved by the constraints satisfying transport PDEs. Third, based on the boundary conditions of the obtained invertible transformation, the proposed feedback control law can be formulated. Fourth, by applying semigroup operator theory, the well-posedness of the resulting system is proved and consequently, novel exponential stability conditions of the addressed system are established. Then, the domain of attraction region under the given actuator saturation constraints is estimated with the help of the solution of obtained stability conditions. Finally, a demonstrative simulation example is offered to verify the feasibility and usefulness of the results.     

Linear differential equation with constant coefficients solved by matrix formulation

By the formulation of matrix function, a system of linear differential equations with constant coefficients can be uniquely solved. The desired solution is simply expressed as the matrix product of two factors: (1) a variable vector, uniquely derived from the given system, can be set aside after it is found; and (2) a constant matrix, directly related to the initial conditions, is computed numerically. The effort of re-computation is very minimal upon the initial conditions changed. For the classical Laplace transformation, the solution of the differential equation must be recalculated from the very beginning whenever the initial conditions are altered.A typical numerical example is provided in detail to show the merit of the approaches presented.     

On Error Evaluation and Non-Unity Feedback

The concept of error as applied to feedback systems is considered. Error constants and coefficients are developed for application to systems with non-unity feedback. Non-unity scalar feedback factors are considered as well as feedback functions of s.