NAK80材料曲面高速铣削表面质量实验研究

通过实验，研究了模具制造业中常用的NAK80材料的表面粗糙度形成及曲面高速加工工艺参数的选择策略，分析了NAK80材料在高速铣削加工中以铣代磨的切削机理。结果表明，NAK80材料适合高速加工，在未来将成为高级橡塑模具的主要应用材料。     

Effect of radial depth on vibration and surface roughness during face milling of austenitic stainless steel

This paper studies the influence of radial depth on vibration, chip formation and surface roughness during face milling of AISI304 austenitic stainless steel with indexable cemented carbide milling cutters. The amplitude of vibration acceleration increased with the increasing radial depth up to 80 mm. And the domain vibration frequency varied with the radial depth. In this paper, three types of chips were found: C shape, long shape and spiral shape. The minimum surface roughness value occurred when the radial depth equalled 40 mm in the experiment. Irregular changes of chip curl radius and chip thickness could be attributed to different numbers of alternately engaged teeth when the feed and speed were fixed. Surface roughness is related to forced vibration and chip formation. Radial depth with different numbers of alternately engaged teeth could significantly influence the forced vibration, chip formation, and surface roughness.     

Helical milling of CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V stacks with varying machining parameters

The hole-making process in stack materials consisting of carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP) and Ti-6Al-4V remains a critical challenge. In this paper, an experimental study on the helical milling of CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V stacks was conducted by using two different machining strategies. Helical milling strategyⅠ machines both materials with identical machining parameters, while machining strategyⅡ uses two sets of machining parameters to machine each material. Helical milling performance was evaluated by the following indicators: tool life, cutting forces, hole quality(including diameter deviation, roundness, roughness, and hole edge quality). The results demonstrate that helical milling strategy Ⅱ outperformed strategy Ⅰ, leading to longer tool life(up to 48 holes), smaller cutting forces and better hole quality with higher geometric accuracy and smoother surface finish(Ra≤ 0.58 μm for Ti-6Al-4V and Ra ≤ 0.81 μm for CFRP), eliminating the need for reaming or de-burring.     

Si基Ge光电探测器的研制及性能分析

以Si衬底上外延Ge薄膜为吸收区,研究了Si基Ge光电探测器的材料生长与器件制作工艺,并对材料晶体质量和器件性能进行表征分析。Ge薄膜是采用低温缓冲层技术在超高真空化学气相沉积系统上生长的。1μm厚Ge薄膜的表面仅出现纳米量级的岛,表面粗糙度只有1.5 nm。Ge薄膜的X射线衍射峰形对称,峰值半高宽低于100 arc sec。Ge薄膜中存在0.14%的张应变。Si基Ge光电探测器在-1 V偏压时暗电流密度为13.7 mA/cm2,在波长1.31μm处的响应度高达0.38 A/W,对应外量子效率为36.0%,响应波长扩展到1.6μm以上。     

顺逆铣对表面粗糙度影响的轨迹包络几何分析和实验验证

通过对立铣刀侧铣平面、凸凹圆弧面时,刀具旋转运动和进给运动的轨迹包络几何分析,计算出顺铣、逆铣时不同的残留高度,结果显示逆铣加工得到的表面粗糙度优于顺铣.采用顺铣和逆铣2种方法对平面、凸凹圆弧面进行加工,及表面粗糙度的对比和数据分析,也证实逆铣加工得到的表面粗糙度较好.     

Al-Li-Er合金的激光焊接工艺与组织性能研究

采用激光填丝焊对Al-Li-Er铝合金进行焊接处理,研究激光功率、焊接速度和送丝速度对焊接接头显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,当送丝速度为3 m/min和4 m/min时,Al-Li-Er合金焊接接头的焊缝面积都会随着激光功率和焊接速度的增大而逐渐减小;在相同激光功率和焊接速度时,送丝速度的增加会增大焊缝面积,且随着送丝速度的增加,激光焊接接头的上余高系数和下余高系数都呈现逐渐增加的趋势。Al-Li-Er合金适宜的激光焊接工艺参数为激光功率3 kW、焊接速度3 m/min、送丝速度2~3 m/min,此时焊接接头的室温拉伸性能与母材较为接近。     

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Particles PZT Ferroelectric Thin Films by RF-Magnetron Sputtering

Pt/Ti bottom electrodes were fabricated on SiO2/Si substrates by magnetron dual-facing-target sputtering system. Lead zirconate titanate(PZT) thin films were deposited on Pt/Ti/ SiO2/Si substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering system. The thickness of PZT thin films which were deposited for 5 h was about 800 nm. XRD spectra show that PZT thin films deposited in Ar ambience and rapid-thermal-annealed for 20 min at 700 ℃ have good crystallization behavior and perovskite structure. AFM micrographs show that mean diameter of crystallites is 70 nm and surface structures of PZT thin films are uniform and dense. Raw mean, root mean square roughness and mean roughness of PZT thin films are 34.357 nm, 2.479 nm and 1.954 nm respectively. As test frequency is 1 kHz, dielectric constant of PZT thin films is 327.6. Electric hysteresis loop shows that coercive field strength, residual polarization strength and spontaneous polarization strength of PZT thin films are 50 kV/cm, 10 μC/cm2 and 13 μC/cm2 respectively.     

球墨铸铁高速铣削加工工艺参数优化实验研究

针对难加工球墨铸铁材料进行高速铣削工艺参数优化研究,设计了四因素四水平正交实验,以获得铣削用量对加工过程力和表面粗糙度的影响关系,并利用多元回归分析建立铣削分力和粗糙度的经验模型。研究结果表明:每齿进给量对粗糙度值影响最为显著,铣削参数设置不同,产生的铣削分力不同,背吃刀量对铣削分力影响最大。针对最小铣削力与最小粗糙度的目标,分别得出最优的铣削用量参数。     

Orbital milling hole of aerospace Al-alloy with big pitch

To improve the processing efficiency and the quality of orbital milling hole of aerospace Al-alloy, the big-pitch influence on cutting force and hole quality was studied experimentally. First, a program based on horizontal lathe was proposed based on kinematics analysis of orbital milling. Then, the cutting force at different stages and the hole quality with different pitches were measured. Results show that the axial force and radial force increase with the pitch amplification during orbital milling. However, the axial force in the orbital milling hole is about 8—10 times smaller than that in the conventional drilling. The diameter error of milling hole is 48—93 μm, and the surface roughness of milling hole is 1.2—1.7 μm. Finally, an orbital milling device with big pitch was designed.     

低温环境下不同预热温度对T形接头焊接结果的分析

低温环境金属的焊接易导致焊接接头产生冷裂纹.为减少焊接冷裂纹的产生,需采用预热措施.采用焊条电弧焊在环境温度为-15℃下进行T形接头焊接仿真,运用Simufact-Welding软件分析焊件预热到80℃和120℃时焊缝处的残余变形和残余应力.结果表明,预热到120℃时,焊缝处的残余变形小;预热到120℃时,除焊缝起始点和终止点外,其余焊缝处的残余应力小.因此,合理控制预热温度,可减小晶粒脆化;适当增大t./5时间,有利于缓解接头的冷却速度,减小淬硬倾向.     

Tool wear criterion,tool life,and surface roughness during high-speed end milling Ti-6Al-4V alloy

The objective of the present research is to investigate the relationship among tool wear, surface topography, and surface roughness when high-speed end milling Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and also to define an optimal flank wear criterion for the cutting tool to integrate tool life and the surface roughness requirements of the finish milling process. An annealed Ti-6Al-4V alloy was selected as the workpiece material, undergoing end milling with uncoated carbide inserts. The flank wear of the insert was observed and measured with the toolmaker＇s microscope. To examine machined surfaces, 3D surface topography was provided by the white light interferometer, and the arithmetical mean roughness （Ra） was calculated with the WYKO Vision32 software. The flank wear increases with cutting time, and the maximal flank wear is set as the flank wear criterion. As the cutting process progresses, tool wear is the predominant factor affecting the variation of surface roughness. According to the plots for the tool wear propagation and surface roughness variation, an optimal flank wear criterion can be defined which integrates the tool life and the surface roughness requirements for the finish milling process.     

烧结温度对WC-16TiC-4TaC-9Co硬质合金微观组织与性能的影响

选用WC、（W,Ti）C、TaC和Co粉配制WC-16TiC-4TaC-9Co合金混合料,经球磨后压制压坯,在1 410℃、1 430℃和1 450℃温度下真空烧结.测试烧结试样的性能,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察其微观形貌.结果表明：随着烧结温度升高,合金晶粒尺寸明显长大.1 450℃真空烧结的试样综合性能较好,WC平均尺寸为0.7μm,（W,Ti,Ta）C平均尺寸为3μm.     

气流磨工艺对烧结NdFeB磁体组织与性能的影响

采用速凝法制备NdFeB薄带,再经氢破制粉、压型、烧结、热处理制备NdFeB永磁体,通过激光粒度分布仪、光学显微镜以及AMT-4磁学特性测量仪等手段表征磁体的组织和性能,考察气流磨工艺对磁体组织和性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:气流磨分选转速越快,磁粉粒度越细小,制备磁体的磁学性能先增加后减小,当气流磨分选转速为3 400 r/min时,制备磁体组织均匀,剩磁、矫顽力、最大磁能积分别达到14.19 kGs、907.44 kA/m和397.28 kJ/m3.     

不锈钢基体激光熔覆Ni60A的残余应力研究

选择激光功率、扫描速度、送粉量为影响因素,用正交试验方法研究了不锈钢基体激光熔覆Ni60A的残余应力;结果表明:影响残余应力的关键因素为扫描速度,其次是激光功率,最后为送粉量;扫描速度180 mm/min、激光功率1.5 kW、送粉量3 g/s产生最小残余应力;此时熔覆材料Ni60A与基体形成良好的冶金结合,熔覆层组织均匀,无微裂纹等明显缺陷。研究结果为叶轮和螺杆的激光熔覆再制造提供了实验依据。     

基于集群磁流变单晶碳化硅基片抛光加工的工艺研究简

基于集群磁流变效应超光滑平面抛光理论及试验装置对单晶碳化硅基片进行了平面抛光试验,结果表明,金刚石磨料对单晶Sic基片具有较高的材料去除率;加工间隙在1．5I砌左右具有较好的加工效果,随着加工时间的延长表面粗糙度越来越小,且30min内表面粗糙度变化率达到89％以上。通过优化工艺参数对单晶SiC进行集群磁流变平面抛光,发现经过30min加工,表面粗糙度Ra从42．1m下降到4．2nm,表明集群磁流变效应平面抛光用于加工单晶SiC基片可行且效果显著。     

T91钢退火热处理工艺的优化

以现有T91钢热处理工艺为依据,结合T91钢管开裂原因,对T91钢分别在770℃,790℃,810℃,830℃进行退火,通过拉伸试验、硬度试验、金相试验并结合钢厂的实际得出,T91钢的退火温度为820℃～830℃,速度为0.13m/min,从进料到出料时间约为120min,管材的成材率提高12.8%.     

Monolithic Integration of GaAs-Based Resonant Tunneling Diode and High Electron Mobility Transistor

The resonant tunneling diode (RTD) is an ultra-highspeed and ultra-high frequency quantum-transport deviceaccompanied with negative differential resistance (NDR)I-Vcharacteristic originating fromresonant tunneling effect .The core structure of RTDis doubl…     

Optimization of Cutting Parameters in Helical Milling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

To investigate cutting performance in the helical milling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), experiments were conducted with unidirectional laminates. The results show that the influence of cutting parameters is very significant in the helical milling process. The axial force increases with the increase of cutting speed, which is below 95 m/min; otherwise, the axial force decreases with the increase of cutting speed. The resultant force always increases when cutting speed increases; with the increase of tangential and axial feed rates, cutting forces increase gradually. In addition, damage rings can appear in certain regions of the entry edges; therefore, the relationship between machining performance (cutting forces and hole-making quality) and cutting parameters is established using the nonlinear fitting methodology. Thus, three cutting parameters in the helical milling of CFRP, under the steady state, are optimized based on the multi-objective genetic algorithm, including material removal rate and machining performance. Finally, experiments were carried out to prove the validity of optimized cutting parameters.     

反应釜耐蚀涂层厚度对涂层与基体结合强度的影响

利用电弧喷涂设备在低碳钢试件表面制备了0Cr18Ni9涂层,并在金相显微镜下观察涂层的显微组织结构,同时用拉伸试验机对不同厚度涂层的结合强度进行了测试。实验结果表明：涂层的成形良好,组织比较均匀;厚度对涂层与试件的结合强度有显著的影响,为保证涂层的使用性能,涂层厚度应不大于0.6mm。     

纳米晶粒硬质合金平面磨削表面粗糙度研究

采用树脂结合剂金刚石砂轮对纳米晶粒硬质合金进行平面磨削试验,结合单因素和正交实验研究不同磨削要素即磨削深度ap、工件进给速度vw、砂轮线速度vs 对磨削纳米晶粒硬质合金表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,磨削深度ap 和工件进给速度vw 增加,表面粗糙度增加?砂轮线速度vs 增加,表面粗糙度减小。磨削3 要素对纳米晶粒硬质合金表面粗糙度影响程度的大小依次是工件进给速度、砂轮线速度、磨削深度。因此,为了获得好的表面质量可以采取小进给、小切深、高砂轮线速度的组合方式进行磨削?同时建立了磨削纳米晶粒硬质合金的表面粗糙度数学模型并验证了模型的可靠性。