Donald Super's Contribution to Career Guidance and Counselling in Japan

Dr Donald Super's contributions to career guidance and counselling in Japan are summarised within the framework of his career development theory from 1960 to 1990. The first part is related to the theoretical frame of reference of career guidance in the secondary school. The second is focused on developing a theoretical and practical basis for career counselling for the adult population. It is concluded that the importance of his approach has increased in the changing Japanese society.     

Using Qualitative Assessment in Career Counselling

Advancements in conceptualisations about career and career development and irreversible changes in the world of work have necessitated that career counsellors reflect on their practice in order that it keeps pace and maintains relevancy.Fundamental to these reflections isconsideration of the place and nature of career assessment in career counselling.Traditionally, emphasis has been given toquantitative assessment. More recently, theprofile of qualitative assessment has beenraised, and its place in career counselling hasbeen strengthened relative to but not to theexclusion of quantitative assessment. However,there is little to guide the use of qualitativeassessment. This paper presents a theoreticaloverview of qualitative assessment in careercounselling and proposes guidelines for usingqualitative assessment.     

Some Cornerstones in the Development of a Contextual Action Theory of Career and Counselling

In this article we review severalissues that contribute to the contextual actiontheory of career and counselling. This theoryis based on the notion that career isconstructed through the intentionalgoal-directed actions of persons and thatcounselling is a process that involves bothaction and career. The development of thistheory has relied on several criticaldiscussions, including vocation asrelationship, hermeneutics and phenomenology,methodological diversity, interpretation andnarrative, action theory, emotional processes,joint career development projects, thequalitative action-project method, includingthe self-confrontation interview,contextualizing career counselling, socialconstructionism and family projects. Whenconsidered together, these issues contribute toa substantial and integrated view of career andcounselling.     

质性评价的有效尝试:通过学生成长记录袋实现评定的发展性功能

现代教育评价强调要在日常教育教学中发挥评价的激励和发展功能,学生成长记录袋正是适应这种要求的一种质性评定方法。本文以国内外成功经验的基础,介绍了学生 成长记录袋的理论背景与主要特征,并探讨了通过行动研究推进这种方法的具体策略。     

利用模糊评估理论构建大学班级评价模型

本文在对当代大学班级的综合水平进行研究的基础上利用模糊数学的综合评估理论建立了模糊评价模型.该模型在一定程度降低了主观人为因数,使评估结果更加接近客观实际.     

Integrating Theory and Practice Through Instructional Assessment

This article describes a conceptual framework to integrate assessment and instruction. Based on constructivist perspectives on teaching and learning and the recent movement away from externally mandated testing as a guide for classroom activity, the framework highlights the importance of the teacher in the development of instructional assessment. Instructional assessment is viewed as part of a larger assessment system, with each component having different audiences and purposes. To be most effective, it is argued that the connections between assessment and instruction be bound more tightly. Teachers and students are asked to have more active roles, from the development of strategies to interpretation of results. Because this represents a very different model for assessment, new criteria for judging the validity of assessment strategies are outlined. Collaboration between the research and practitioner communities are suggested to develop practically grounded but theoretically strong methods of assessment.     

从“形成性评价”到“学习性评价”：课堂评价理论与实践的新发展

"学习性评价"是在"形成性评价"基础上发展演变而来的、为适应新一轮国际基础教育改革而产生的课堂评价理论及其指导下的课堂评价实践。"学习性评价"的五大核心理念体现了国际基础教育评价理念经历的重大变化。"学习性评价"与"形成性评价"既有密切联系又有显著区别。我国需要从评价制度(如督导)和政策层面上确立"学习性评价"在课程与教学中的地位,积极发挥"学习性评价"对课程与教学改革的促进作用。     

阅读障碍的"成分模型"检测及亚类型鉴定原理和应用

本文主要从理论与实践两方面对基于阅读成分理论的阅读障碍"成分模型"的理论基础、检测及亚类型鉴定操作原理以及可行性和有效性进行详细阐释;同时简要分析了汉语阅读过程潜在成分及其性质以及"成分模型"在汉语阅读障碍检测中可行性探究,旨在为汉语阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定提供一个基于阅读成分理论,以干预为导向,科学合理、简便易施的理论模型,以避免单一采用"差异模型"进行阅读障碍检测的弊端以及我国阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定方面存在的混乱现象,促使汉语阅读障碍检测及亚类型鉴定朝着更加科学化的方向前进.     

Development and Initial Validation of the Student Interest and Choice in STEM (SIC-STEM) Survey 2.0 Instrument for Assessment of the Social Cognitive Career Theory Constructs

Journal of Science Education and Technology - In response to a growing need for STEM professionals, this study reports the results of the initial validation of a refined survey instrument that...     

高等师范院校职业发展与就业指导课程建设的实践与思考

职业发展与就业指导课程已成为高等师范院校提升大学生就业竞争力的重要途径之一。以首批全国高校职业发展与就业指导示范课程中入围的9所高等师范院校课程为研究对象,分析师范院校职业发展与就业指导课程的实践状况,提出了显特色、筑体系、强师资、重服务、建学科的优化课程建设对策,旨在推动课程朝着规范化、特色化和学科化的方向发展。     

校本课程开发:从理念到现实--杭州市部分学校校本课程开发案例评析

杭州市部分学校在校本课程开发中,创生出五种类型的开发方式:基于浓郁地域特色的校本课程开发、基于师生的草根式校本课程开发、基于学校优势项目的校本课程开发、基于学校学科拓展的校本课程开发和基于学校目标取向的校本课程开发。通过对案例的评析,为中小学校本课程开发如何从理念到现实提供思路。     

Career Counseling Practitioners: Reflections on Theory, Research, and Practice

Career counseling practitioners of varied training levels were surveyed regarding the extent to which major career theories and research data inform their work with clients. In addition, this study was interested in career counselors views regarding (a) how career theorists, researchers, and practitioners can work together to address the needs of career clients, and (b) how theory and research findings can be more relevant to practice. Survey findings revealed that licensed counselors and psychologists as compared to non-counselor trained career practitioners agreed to a greater extent that their degree program had adequately prepared them to provide career counseling by emphasizing theory and attention to personal and career issues, and were more likely to regard professional development activities as important to their career counseling effectiveness. Finally, practitioners had numerous comments regarding the utility of career theory and interventions, and suggestions for bridging the gap between theory and practice.     

Applying Existential Theory and Intervention to Career Decision-Making

This paper presents a four-stage model of career decision-making based on an existential theoretical perspective. Existential themes such as freedom, responsibility, meaning, and authenticity are examined for their applicability to career decision-making across the life span. The author submits that career satisfaction and stability is obtained when there is a correspondence between the vocation and the meaning and opportunities for authentic existence that the vocation provides. Failure to acquire opportunities for meaning and authentic existence in individual's occupations result in an existential vacuum and existential guilt, respectively. Conceptualization of career decision- making from an existential perspective may be particularly beneficial for individuals making mid-career changes. Case studies are provided to elucidate the stages of the model and to specify the career counseling interventions that are most relevant for the various stages. Research implications as well as limitations of this model are also discussed.     

论职业性向理论在择业就业指导中的应用

从职业与性向的理解出发,简述了国内外的职业性向理论研究,着重从个体职业的价值观、兴趣、人格和能力等不同的构成要素探讨了职业性向理论在择业就业指导中的应用。     

职业教育就是就业教育的理论和实践误区

提倡"就业教育"的前提条件是社会的就业环境比较宽松,毕业生都有业可就;或社会就业形势虽然紧张,但这种紧张局势不是由于就业岗位不足引起的,而是由结构性矛盾引起的.片面强调"就业教育"会使学校工作偏离了人才培养这个重心,并导致学生创新能力缺失、适应职业岗位变化能力变差等不良后果.     

The Potential Impact of Global Changes in Work for Career Theory and Practice

This article presents an analysis of current career theory and practice around the globe. It briefly describes important changes that are impacting working life and considers how these changes have prompted innovations in career counselling theory and practice. Innovations and emerging developments in career theory include constructivism, systems theory, action theory, and a series of fragmentary theoretical developments that highlight the importance of paradoxical thinking. In terms of career counselling practice, some of the new developments include a greater emphasis on active engagement, more holistic methods, an expanded counselling focus, and an increased emphasis on counselling efficacy. These developments present new opportunities and challenges for career counselling theorists and practitioners.

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Zusammenfassung. Die potenzielle/potente Wirkung globaler Veränderungen der Arbeit auf Theorie und Praxis der Karriereplanung Dieser Artikel stellt eine Analyse der aktuellen Theorie und Praxis zur Karriereplanung rund um den Globus vor. Er beschreibt kurz wesentliche Veränderungen, die sich auf das Arbeitsleben auswirken und beschreibt, wie diese Veränderungen in Theorie und Praxis der Berufsberatung Innovationen ausgelöst haben. Solche Innovationen und hervortretende Entwicklungen in der Theorie der Berufswahl umfassen den Konstruktivismus, die Systemtheorie, die Aktionstheorie, sowie eine ganze Reihe fragmentarischer theoretischer Entwicklungen, die die Bedeutung des paradoxen Denkens betonen. In der Praxis der Berufsberatung sind einige der neueren Entwicklungen eine stärkere Betonung der aktiven Klientenbeteiligung, der verstärkte Einsatz holistischer Methoden, ein ausgedehnterer Beratungsfokus, und eine verstärkte Betonung der Beratungseffizienz. Diese Veränderungen stellen für die Beratungsforscher und – praktiker sowohl neue Gelegenheiten als auch neue Herausforderungen dar.

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Resumen. El Impacto Potencial de los Cambios Globales en el Trabajo sobre la Teoría y Práctica de la Orientación para la Carrera Este artículo presenta un análisis de las teorías actuales y de la práctica de la orientación para la carrera en el mundo. Describe brevemente algunos cambios importantes que están ejerciendo su impacto en la vida laboral, y considera cómo estos cambios han dado lugar a innovaciones en la teoría y práctica de la orientación para la carrera. Entre estas innovaciones encontramos teorías emergentes como el constructivismo, la teoría de sistemas, la teoría de la acción, y una serie de desarrollos teóricos fragmentarios que enfatizan la importancia del pensamiento paradójico. Respecto a la práctica de la orientación para la carrera, algunos de estos desarrollos incluyen un mayor énfasis en la implicación activa, métodos más holísticos, un objetivo más amplio de la orientación y un énfasis creciente sobre su eficacia. Estos desarrollos suponen nuevas oportunidades y retos para los teóricos de la orientación para la carrera y para los orientadores.

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Résumé. L′impact potentiel des changements globaux du travail pour la théorie et la pratique de l’orientation Cet article présente une analyse des théories et des pratiques de l’orientation actuellement en vigueur dans le monde. Il décrit brièvement les changements importants qui influencent la vie active et considère la manière dont ces changements ont suscité des innovations dans les théories et les pratiques du conseil d’orientation. Les innovations et les développements qui apparaissent dans les théories de l’orientation sont liées au constructivisme, à la théorie des systèmes, à la théorie de l′action et à une série de développements théoriques fragmentaires soulignant l′importance de la pensée paradoxale. En termes de pratiques de conseil d’orientation, certains des développements originaux mettent l’accent sur l′engagement actif, touchent à des méthodes plus holistiques, insistent sur la centration sur un type de conseil élargi et sur l’efficacité du conseil. Ces développements sont l’occasion de relever de nouveaux défis pour les théoriciens et les praticiens du conseil d’orientation.

     

Development of the Student-Athlete Career Situation Inventory (SACSI)

Currently a sound and reliable measure of a student-athlete's career development does not exist. The purpose of this study was to develop a psychometrically sound instrument that measures the career situation of student-athletes. Participants for the study were 204 (138 male and 66 female) student-athletes from a large midwestern Division I university. A primary axis factor analysis using promax rotation revealed that five factors, named: Career Development Self-efficacy, Career versus Sport Identity, Locus of Control, Barriers to Career Development, and Sport to Work Relationship, accounted for 81.39% of the common variance in the data. The internal reliability of each factor of the Student-athlete Career Situation Inventory (SACSI) was established using Cronbach's alpha (.70 to .80). The criterion validity of the SACSI was investigated by regressing career experiences and gains on the five factors of the SACSI, resulting in significant squared multiple correlations (.17, .28).     

基于理论与实践的人才培养模式探索与实践

基于新时代复合型创新人才培养存在的问题,结合本单位以往经验,在理论与实践相结合的基础上,进一步提出理论实践结合、课内课外结合、校内校外结合的综合人才培养模式,并进行了实践研究。结果表明了培养模式的长期有效性及可扩展性。提高了人才培养质量及效率。     

师德评价模型研究与实践

通过对基于层次分析法（AHP）对师德评价过程中的评价指标权重进行设计,根据概率统计理论中的方差分析对师德评价数据进行处理,建立基于正态分布理论的师德评价模型。研究过程,力求使评价指标更合理、公正,评价模型更科学,充分调动广大教师的工作积极性,提高评价水平和管理水平。