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1.
ABSTRACTMigration-related multilingualism is a core issue of academic discussion regarding educational inequality in German schools. While existing studies have analysed the discrimination against children’s languages from linguistic minorities in school, this paper focuses on social practices in a primary school that seeks to recognise and value multilingualism. The aim of this article is to investigate the extent to which the inclusion of migration-related multilingualism can transform language orders in school and classroom. For this purpose, we examined linguistic practices on the micro-level of the classroom based on lesson protocols. The observed practices indicate that the inclusion of the children’s languages is meant both as a means of valuing and acknowledging the children’s multilingualism and as part of comprehensive language teaching and learning. The question as to the scope of individual schools for overcoming monolingual ideologies within the structural context of the national educational system and dominant societal discourses remains, however. 相似文献
2.
Betty B. Sheffield 《Annals of dyslexia》1991,41(1):41-54
This paper discusses a philosophic basis for Orton-Gillingham teaching and attempts to demonstrate how certain of the features
of such multisensory teaching act to remediate language problems exhibited by many dyslexic students. The common basis of
the array of programs coming from both Orton and Gillingham is addressed. Some individual strengths and minor differences
between Orton and Gillingham variations are examined.
The author is grateful to Margaret Rawson who coined the phrase “Structured Flexibility” in her article, “The Structure of
English: The language to be learned,” in theBulletin of the Orton Society 20:103. 相似文献
3.
Stephen L. Walter Diane E. Dekker 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2011,7(2):667-683
In the modern era, the prevailing model of public education has been that of “one size fits all”, with private schooling being
a small but notable exception. Language (of instruction) was generally viewed as a minor variable readily overcome by standard
classroom instruction. As researchers have sharpened their focus on the reasons for educational failure, language has begun
to emerge as a significant variable in producing gains in educational efficiency. This paper reports the intermediate result
of a controlled study in a very rural area of a developing country designed to examine the effect of language of instruction
on educational outcomes. In the experimental schools, children are taught to read first in the local language (via the local
language) and are taught other key subjects via the local language as well. English is taught as a subject. Teachers in the
control or standard schools continue the standard national practice of teaching all subjects in either English or Filipino,
neither of which is spoken by children when they begin school. Year-end standardised testing was done in all subjects throughout
grades one to three as a means of comparing the two programme methodologies. 相似文献
4.
Raees Calafato 《European Journal of Education》2020,55(4):602-617
Multilingualism has witnessed growing interest as a subject of academic study and as a state to aspire to for many of the world's citizenry. In tandem with this growing interest, countries around the world have started to implement foreign language curricula at schools that seek to prepare the coming generations to thrive in an increasingly multilingual global environment. In this respect, language teachers are likely to play a pivotal role in promoting the learning of multiple languages among students, with their beliefs about multilingualism informing their practices. This study reports on the beliefs of 460 secondary school teachers of English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, and Chinese in Norway and Russia regarding the benefits of being or becoming multilingual, the affordances of multilingual teachers, and the promotion of multilingualism in their respective countries. The findings indicated statistically significant differences between the participants based on the number of languages they taught and, to some extent, their country of residence. The observed differences hold important implications for teacher education programs and initiatives promoting the use of multilingualism as a resource in language education. 相似文献
5.
Mariana Souto-Manning 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2006,33(6):443-446
While a growing number of diverse children are entering U.S. schools, misconceptions remain regarding language acquisition. Analysis of weekly interactions in an urban children’s playgroup in the South reveals how the concept of language diversity as a deficit is still widespread. Mothers of young children still believed that efforts to learn multiple languages diminish a child’s ability to learn other things. Conversely, research points to multilingualism as a resource rather than a deficit. Findings indicate that interactions among mothers and children, mediated by the researcher, combined with observations of one child’s bilingual development allowed mothers and young children to rethink their beliefs regarding linguistic diversity. They began recognizing that bilingualism/multilingualism adds to the lives of all children. 相似文献
6.
Lu JP 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(6):503-506
“China’s internationalization” is in part realized through the dissemination of Chinese publications, such as academic journals.
Therefore, editorial proficiency in the English language is of vital importance to the quality of the journals. This article
analyzes the results of the two projects sponsored by the General Administration of Press and Publication of the People’s
Republic of China in 2007 and 2010 respectively, namely the “Analytical Evaluation of Language and Editing Quality of Chinese
Academic Journals in English Language Issued in 2006”, and the “Evaluation of Publication Quality of the China-Grown English
Periodicals Issued in 2009, Sanctioned from 2005 to 2009”, and proposes solutions to the problems presented therein. 相似文献
7.
Alejandro J. Gallard Mart��nez 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2011,6(3):719-723
This forum considers argumentation as a means of science teaching in South African schools, through the integration of indigenous
knowledge (IK). It addresses issues raised in Mariana G. Hewson and Meshach B. Ogunniyi’s paper entitled: Argumentation-teaching
as a method to introduce indigenous knowledge into science classrooms: opportunities and challenges. As well as Peter Easton’s:
Hawks and baby chickens: cultivating the sources of indigenous science education; and, Femi S. Otulaja, Ann Cameron and Audrey
Msimanga’s: Rethinking argumentation-teaching strategies and indigenous knowledge in South African science classrooms. The
first topic addressed is that implementation of argumentation in the science classroom becomes a complex endeavor when the
tensions between students’ IK, the educational infrastructure (allowance for teacher professional development, etc.) and local
belief systems are made explicit. Secondly, western styles of debate become mitigating factors because they do not always
adequately translate to South African culture. For example, in many instances it is more culturally acceptable in South Africa
to build consensus than to be confrontational. Thirdly, the tension between what is “authentic science” and what is not becomes
an influencing factor when a tension is created between IK and western science. Finally, I argue that the thrust of argumentation
is to set students up as “scientist-students” who will be considered through a deficit model by judging their habitus and
cultural capital. Explicitly, a “scientist-student” is a student who has “learned,” modeled and thoroughly assimilated the
habits of western scientists, evidently—and who will be judged by and held accountable for their demonstration of explicit
related behaviors in the science classroom. I propose that science teaching, to include argumentation, should consist of “listening
carefully” (radical listening) to students and valuing their language, culture, and learning as a model for
“science for all”. 相似文献
8.
Kyle L. Peck 《TechTrends》1998,43(2):47-53
Conclusion I applaud ISTE, AASL, AECT, and the other organizations involved for tackling the “messy work” of developing standards for
the use of technology and information resources in schools. And, at the same time, I call for a “second generation” of standards
that define realistic expectations for teachers based on the subjects and levels they are called upon to teach. I propose
that professional organizations from each subject work with ISTE and AECT to complete this huge task, and I propose that we
consider as a “next step” the creation of a set of on-line learning experiences through which teachers can gain the identified
skills and knowledge by using the very technologies we’re hoping they’ll embrace in their own teaching.
There’s an old saying, “If you don’t know where you’re going, any road will do.” As far as educational technologies are concerned,
this is also true. For many, the goal seems to have been simply to “get more computers into the schools,” without much thought
about purpose. To return to Phil Schlechty’s metaphor, It’s generally been a brief and misguided “Ready” stage (occupied with
questions like “How many do we need?” “What type?” “Where?” and “How shall we connect them?”), followed by “Fire!” (the acquisition
and installation of equipment). What we need is: “Ready” (the creation of appropriate teams of people who will combine their
insights to plan for the district)... “Aim” (a series of discussions about what technologies can accomplish for schools and
the students they serve)... “Fire” (acquisition, installation, and professional development according to plan)... “Aim” (an
assessment of how well the technologies and related programs met the intended goals, and a new planning effort designed to
close the gap)... “Fire” (acquisition and implementation designed to eliminate the gap)... “Aim” (another gap assessment)...
“Fire” (another attempt to close gaps)..., And so on. 相似文献
9.
Street Smarts vs. Book Smarts: The Figured World of Smartness in the Lives of Marginalized, Urban Youth 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Beth Hatt 《The Urban Review》2007,39(2):145-166
How smartness is defined within schools contributes to low academic achievement by poor and racial/ethnic minority students.
Using Holland et al.’s (1998) [Holland, D., Lachicotte, W., Skinner, D., & Cain, C. (Eds.) (1998). Identity and agency in cultural worlds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.] concept of “figured worlds,” this paper explores the “figuring” of smartness through
the perspectives of marginalized youth. The youth made key distinctions between being book smart vs. street smart. This distinction
is a direct challenge by the youth to the dominant discourse of smartness or “book smarts” as it operates in schools. To the
youth, “street smarts” are more important because they are connected to being able to maneuver through structures in their
lives such as poverty, the police, street culture, and abusive “others.” This distinction is key because street smarts stress
agency in countering social structures whereas, for many of the youth, book smarts represented those structures, such as receiving a high school diploma. Implications for schools and pedagogy are discussed.
B.A. earned from Indiana University – Bloomington, Masters and Ph.D. earned from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Beth Hatt Fis an Assistant Professor of Educational Administration and Foundations at Illinois State University where she
teaches research methods and social foundations of education. Her current research explores smartness as a cultural construct
in schools and the media. 相似文献
10.
Richard L. Sparks Leonore Ganschow Silvia Kenneweg Karen Miller 《Annals of dyslexia》1991,41(1):96-118
Recent research findings suggest that students who have difficulty learning a second language have weaknesses in oral and
written native-language skills which affect their performance in the foreign-language classroom. These weaknesses involve
understanding the phonological, syntactic, and semantic codes of language. Evidence suggests that dyslexic/learning-disabled
and other “at risk” students who struggle in the second language classroom exhibit particular difficulty with the phonological
and syntactic codes of the language. The Orton-Gillingham method, a multisensory, structured language approach which adheres
to the direct and explicit teaching of phonology, is presented as an alternative to the “natural” communication approaches
recently developed by foreign-language educators to teach a second language. A method for adapting this approach for teaching
Spanish is described. 相似文献
11.
Gilbert C. Park 《The Urban Review》2011,43(5):620-635
While the “model minority” stereotype of Asian Americans and its negative effects has been documented elsewhere, relatively
little attention has been paid to how recent Asian immigrant students begin to embrace the stereotype while in schools. This
study explores the identity formation process for a group of recent Korean immigrant students as “model minority” in an urban
high school to empirically document the process. Through interviews and observations, I learned that the immigrants acquired
an unauthentic American identity as a racial minority, constructed their status as “model minority” in response, and enacted
the stereotype as they sanctioned those who couldn’t live up to the stereotype. The aim is to add to the body of knowledge
on the school experiences of recent Asian immigrants. 相似文献
12.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the predictive value of a dynamic test of English and French lexical specificity on at-risk reading classification in 13 at-risk and 44 not at-risk emerging English (L1)–French (L2) bilingual Grade 1 children (M = 75.87 months, SD = 3.18) enrolled in an early French immersion program in Canada. Lexical specificity was assessed with a computerized word learning game in which children were taught new English (e.g., “foal” and “sole”) and French (e.g., bac “bin” and bague “ring”) word pairs contrasted by minimal phonological differences. The results indicated that the dynamic test of lexical specificity in English contributed significantly to the prediction of children’s French at-risk reading status at the end of Grade 1 after controlling for French phonological awareness and nonverbal reasoning skills. However, French lexical specificity did not predict children’s reading risk classification in French after controlling for French phonological awareness. Thus, it may be feasible to identify at-risk status in emerging bilinguals using dynamic measures in their stronger language. 相似文献
13.
This paper reports on the findings of a 12-month project within a broader research programme that looks at a group of East European students with English as an Additional Language (EAL) in England. The data are derived from interviews with the students and teachers in two schools. The findings show that EAL students had a keen interest in English. This attitude contrasted with their reluctance to use and talk about their home language, as a result of language loss and fear of being bullied. Teachers’ attitudes towards languages were also mixed, ranging from support for ‘free use of languages’, to ‘restricted use of home language’, and to ‘use of English only’. The paper further argues that multilingualism can be theorised as legitimate shared repertoires of school communities of practice. Practical implications are drawn which suggest that students’ and teachers’ voices should be acted upon and translated into school language policies. 相似文献
14.
15.
The Touchstones series of poetry anthologies was first published in the UK between 1968 and 1972 in five volumes. Over a million copies and
three revisions later, Touchstones Now 11–14 appeared in the summer of 2008. Few, if any, books for the classroom can claim such longevity. In this article, the compilers
of the anthologies, Michael and Peter Benton, look back over the 40 years of the series’ life. They reflect upon the principles
which have guided their choices; and the social and political pressures, often exerted by governments, which they have confronted
in their attempt to help school students become enthusiastic, committed and discriminating readers of poetry.
Bionote: Michael and Peter Benton taught in various secondary schools in the UK for 10 years before becoming University Lecturers
in Education. Separately, they have published many articles and academic books on the teaching of English and, together, they
have collaborated on a variety of anthologies for the classroom in addition to the “Touchstones” series, notably their books
on poetry and painting, “Double Vision”, “Painting with Words” and “Picture Poems”. Michael Benton is Emeritus Professor of
Education, University of Southampton; Peter Benton is Emeritus Fellow, St Cross College, & formerly Lecturer in Education,
Department of Educational Studies, University of Oxford. 相似文献
16.
"2001年欧洲语言年"的举办,取得了令人瞩目的成果,提高了欧盟公民对欧盟丰富的语言和文化多样性的认识,提升了语言多样化的概念。它对欧洲语言政策的讨论和语言教学产生了重大影响,导致语言多样化政策被逐渐纳入区域政策。欧洲语言年是欧盟语言政策的转折点,欧盟从此把视角从对主要语言的关注,转移到对所有语言的关注,语言政策逐渐向多样化方向发展。 相似文献
17.
In this paper, I present a theoretical overview at the cognitive level of the role of phonological awareness in reading development
and developmental dyslexia across languages. My assumption is that the primary deficit in developmental dyslexia in all languages
lies in representing speech sounds: a deficit in “phonological representation.” I will argue that this deficit manifests in
somewhat different ways, depending on orthography. I will also argue that the phonological deficit in dyslexia is initially
at the syllable and onset-rime levels of phonological awareness, with the development of “phonemic” awareness being a consequence
rather than a precursor of reading. Finally, I will suggest that some of the processes underpinning language acquisition are
disrupted in dyslexia, in particular, the detection of rhythm in speech. 相似文献
18.
Burden of Acting Neither White Nor Black: Asian American Identities and Achievement in Urban Schools
Jamie Lew 《The Urban Review》2006,38(5):335-352
Ogbu’s theory of “burden of acting white” has been one of the most frequently cited studies to explain black and white achievement
gap. However, emerging studies have argued that Ogbu’s theory may be limited when examining variability of school achievement
among black and white students. Research shows that in addition to culture, other social forces, such as class, peer networks,
and school context may play a significant role when accounting for minority students’ academic aspirations and achievement.
In the midst of this on-going debate, however, there is a limited understanding of how, if at all, theory of “acting white”
plays a role for racial groups other than black and white students. By extending the discussion beyond a black-and-white discourse,
this research examines how Asian American students in two different social and economic contexts, negotiate their race and
ethnic identities. Framed by a prevalent model minority stereotype that conflates Asian Americans with whiteness, the findings
show that portrayal of Asian “success” much like black “failure” cannot be explained solely on their cultural orientation.
By comparing experiences of two groups of Korean American students—both high- and low-achieving—in different economic and
school contexts, this study illustrates how the two groups of Korean American students adopt different racial strategies depending
on their socioeconomic backgrounds, peer networks, and school contexts. Using Korean American students in urban schools as
a case study, this research complicates and challenges our understanding of the role of culture in school achievement and
illustrates how culture intersects with class, race, and schools.
Jamie Lew is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Urban Education, Rutgers University-Newark, 110 Warren Street, Newark,
NY, 07102-1814, USA 相似文献
19.
此研究是对少数民族学生英语学习过程中母语依赖观念的实证研究,对象为广西环江县壮族和毛南族中学生。研究发现:(1)少数民族学生中广泛存在民族语单母语、汉语单母语、民汉双母语等不同情形的母语现象;(2)英语学习过程中母语依赖观念普遍存在,且程度较高,其中以英语作文时的母语依赖程度最高,母语依赖成为一种有益的学习方法;(3)对于教师的课堂教学用语,绝大多数希望使用汉语和英语两种语言,对民族语的期待极低,同时没有学生期待全英语教学,即对母语尤其是汉语的依赖与期待远远高于对民族语的依赖与期待。这些发现对少数民族地区基础教育阶段的英语教学具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
20.
Conclusion Although many questions remain unanswered, these early translations of the AECT Code of Ethics will be available at the AECT
Web site to ensure that access to the principles is offered in languages other than English. As they become available, more
translations will be added to the English, Farsi, French, Mandarin Chinese, Portuguese, and Spanish versions. The translations
will be saved as PDF files to retain the unique characters of each language.
Additional translators with expertise in both educational technology and the targeted languages will be identified. Exploration
of ways to encourage debate regarding the viability of the translations within diverse cultures continues. The ultimate hope
is that collaboration among members of the professional ethics committee of AECT, the translators, and interested educators
will result in the development of a Code of Ethics that “speaks” across cultures and establishes a meaningful guide to professional
conduct around the world.
Authors’ Note: This article expands on earlier work published in the (2002) Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association
for Educational Communications and Technology, edited by M, Simonson. 相似文献