Aircraft Landing Gear Control with Multi-Objective Optimization Using Generalized Cell Mapping

This paper presents a numerical algorithm tuning aircraft landing gear control system with three objectives,including reducing relative vibration, reducing hydraulic strut force and controlling energy consumption. Sliding mode control is applied to the vibration control of a simplified landing gear model with uncertainty. A two-stage generalized cell mapping algorithm is applied to search the Pareto set with gradient-free scheme. Drop test simulations over uneven runway show that the vibration and force interaction can be considerably reduced, and the Pareto optimum form a tight range in time domain.     

阅读与测试(英)

In the US,a three-month drought baked the soil from California toGeorgia reducing the country's grain harvest by 31% and killingthousands of head of livestock.Killer hurricanes ripped through the Caribean and floods devastatedBangladesh…In Soviet Armenia a monstrous earthquake killedsome 55,000 people.     

Evaluating the Stability of Active Manganese Sites During Electrochemical Reactions by Cyclic Voltammetry

Manganese oxides are a promising class of electrocatalysts for renewable energy devices,such as fuel cells.Mn(Ⅲ) ions with e^g electron filling of-1 are the active sites for manganese-based electrocatalysts.However,Mn(Ⅲ) sites may be disproportionated during electrochemical reactions,thus reducing the number of Mn(Ⅲ) active sites and decreasing the catalytic activity of manganese oxides.In this work,we developed a facile cyclic voltammetry method to monitor the evolution of Mn(Ⅲ) sites...     

小幽默(英文)

Fit WitHoping to lose some weight, a friend was counting calories (卡路里), reducing her fat in-take(摄人量) and walking her dog twice a day, steadily increasing the distance. But after a month she had only lost one pound. A short time later she brought the dog to the vet (兽医) for a checkup."Is your dog eating well? " the puzzled vet asked. He's lost ten pounds.     

Constructing a taxonomy to support multi-document summarization of dissertation abstracts

INTRODUCTION Automatic summarization has attracted much attention both in the research community and busi- ness community as a solution for reducing informa- tion overload and helping users scan a large number of documents to identify documents of interest. A multi-document summary has several advantages over the single-document summary—it provides an integrated overview of a document set indicating common information across many documents, unique information in each document, and cross-d…     

基于动态可靠度的在役桥梁维修决策经济优化分析

The lifeti me maintenance of a bridge can comprise amuch greater portion of the total lifeti me cost than theoriginal cost of construction because of deterioration.An opti mal maintenance programis the key to makingappropriate decisions to mini mize cost and maintain anappropriate level of safety.Life-cycle cost is a usefulconcept in reducing the overall cost and achieving anappropriate maintenance plan[1,2].It is difficult tomake a reliable esti mate of thelifeti me costs whenthefuture of the…     

Operation Characteristics of Treating Surface Water with Polyvinylchloride Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane

Ultrafiltration (UF) technique is prospective asalternative for conventional processes such as coagula-tion, flocculation, sedimentation and/or flotation,rapid and slowsand filtration[1]. Recentdevelopmentsin reducing energy consumption by (semi) dead-endfiltration and prevention of membrane fouling by back-washing (combined with chemicals), make UF moreand more an interestingoption forthe treatmentof sur-face water on a large scale[2]. At present, UF full-scale applications are evenlyspread…     

Cloning and GST-fused expression in E. coli of mouse β-1,4-galactosyltransferase

INTRODUCTION b-1,4-galactosyltransferase (b4Gal-T) (EC 2.4.1.38), as one of the most researched glycosyl-transferases in recent years, produces a b-1,4-linked galactosylated glycan by the transferation of ga-lactose (Gal) from an uridine diphosphate-galactose (UDP-Gal) to a monosaccharide N-acetylglucosa- mine (GlcNAc) or a GlcNAc residue located in the non-reducing terminal of glycans of glycoproteins or glycolipids. In addition to GlcNAc, the enzyme can also use other reducing su…     

Safety analysis of optimal outriggers location in high-rise building structures

INTRODUCTION Outriggers location has direct influence on the efficiency of the horizontal deflection control in high-rise building structures. An appropriate outrigger location will be more efficient in minimizing the horizontal deflection and reducing the restraining moments mutation. As a result, the safety of a struc-ture subjected to lateral load is guaranteed to be better. Presently, the so-called optimal location of out-riggers is derived from the principle of minimum ultimate disp…     

基于多代理的模糊协同过滤

Automated collaborative filtering has become a popular technique for reducing information overload. We have developed a new method for recommending items using multiple agents. The agents were established by employing the fuzzy C-means clustering technique. We employ these agents collaborating each other to get recommendation for users. The results were evaluated by using MovieLens movie＇s rating data. It is shown that the algorithm is an effective metrics in collaborative filtering.     

废聚酯醇解产物羟值的分析方法

采用乙酸酐 /吡啶回流法和乙酸酐 /高氯酸 /乙酸乙酯常温酰化法 ,分别测定了废聚醋醇解产物的羟值。结果表明 ,两种方法测定结果均准确可靠。乙酸酐 /吡啶回流法适用于所有的废聚酯醇解产物 ,但操作麻烦、费时。乙酸酐 /高氯酸 /乙酸乙酯常温酰化法用于深度醇解的醇解产物 ,操作简单、快捷     

乙酸酐的水解机理理论研究

通过对乙酸酐水解反应机理的密度泛函计算,我们发现在几种可能的水解机理中,最可能的反应机理是乙酸酐和水分子经过一个协同的过渡态,在气相中生成比较稳定的通过氢键连接的乙酸双分子络合物,在水溶液中生成乙酸     

单质碘对酯合成反应的催化活性研究

以单质碘为催化剂,通过乙酸酐、环己醇及乙酸、环己醇为原料合成乙酸环己酯,对碘的催化活性进行了研究。研究表明:在优化条件下收率可分别达98.9%、58.1%。将实验结果与文献数据综合分析,得出了碘作为催化剂在酸醇直接酯化反应中的催化活性不高。     

基于油气井伴产水中醋酸含量对管道腐蚀的影响研究

油气井伴产水中醋酸对管道腐蚀的影响不可忽略,在某油气田的众多生产井中,生产管道腐蚀的程度差异很大,是否与各井伴产水中的醋酸含量有关值得研究。在设计了伴产水中醋酸浓度的分析方法的基础上,对某油气田的五口生产井进行监测,浓度普遍分布在20~80ppm之间,其中井PL-1的浓度最高,且均超过以前文献中所述的具有腐蚀性的最低浓度6~60ppm范围,所以醋酸的腐蚀危害不容忽视。同时进行了醋酸对N80碳钢腐蚀的实验研究,结果表明醋酸浓度越高腐蚀越严重,而防蚀剂对醋酸及二氧化碳的腐蚀具有显著的抑制作用。     

Recovery of Dilute Acetic Acid by Catalytic Distillation Using NKC-9 as Catalyst

The reaction kinetics of dilute acetic acid with methanol using NKC-9 as catalyst was studied at temperatures of 308 K, 318 K, 323 K, 328 K. The kinetic model based on Langmuir-Hinshel-wood rate model was derived and the activation energy was 6.13×104 kJ/kmol. The experiment of recovery of dilute acetic acid was conducted in a packed bed catalytic distillation column. The optimal process parameters and operational conditions determined to make up to 85.9% conversion of acetic acid are as follows:the height of catalyst bed is 1 100 mm, reflux ratio is 4:1, and the ratio of methanol to acetic acid is 2:1. The method can be used as a guide in industrial scale recovery of 15%-30% dilute acetic acid.     

醋酸-水萃取精馏过程的模拟

利用N-甲基甲酰胺（NMF）作萃取剂,萃取精馏分离醋酸和水混合物。利用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对分离过程进行了模拟计算,确定了理论板数、加料板位置、回流比、加料比等最佳工艺条件及工艺参数。结果表明,利用NMF作萃取剂可以较好的实现醋酸和水的分离,醋酸的纯度可达99.94%,萃取剂可以循环利用;与普通精馏法相比,相同分离任务下,萃取精馏工艺的再沸器热负荷降低了60.4%,生产每吨醋酸再沸器消耗蒸汽量由7.1吨降低到2.8吨。说明萃取精馏法分离醋酸和水优于普通精馏法,节能效果明显,为工业化装置提供了重要的理论依据和设计参考。     

相转移催化合成疏基乙酸异辛酯

本文考察了相转移催化剂对合成疏基乙酸异辛酯产率的影响,并采用正交试验确定了反应的最佳操作条件。结果表明,在有相转移催化剂存在的最佳条件下,疏基乙酸异辛酯的产率明显提高,由原来的74％提高到95％。相转移催化剂不同时,反应所需的水解时间、水解温度、锌粉加入量、催化剂加入量等有不同的最佳值。这些结果的获得将明显提高工业生产疏基乙酸异辛酯的经济效益。     

活性炭固载对甲苯磺酸催化合成乙酸正己脂

制备了活性炭固载对甲苯磺酸催化剂,以乙酸和正己醇为原料合成了乙酸正己酯,考察了影响酯化率的各种因素,确定了最佳反应条件为:乙酸用量为0.1 mol时,醇酸物质的量比为1.4,催化剂用量为3 g,15 mL甲苯作带水剂,反应时间30 min,酯化率达94%以上.     

磷钨杂多酸催化合成乙酸正己酯

以磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,通过乙酸和正己醇的酯化反应合成了乙酸正己酯,并对影响酯化率的因素进行了研究.结果表明:反应的最佳条件为:乙酸为0.1 mol时,醇酸物质的量比为1.4,催化剂用量为0.3 g,带水剂为15 mL,在温度为110~130℃下,反应30 min,酯化率可达99.6%以上.     

硫酸铁催化合成乙酸异戊酯

以乙酸和异戊醇为原料,采用硫酸铁作催化剂来合成乙酸异戊酯.考察了乙酸与异戊醇的物质的量比、催化剂用量及反应时间对乙酸酯化率的影响.结果表明:硫酸铁对合成乙酸异戊酯具有良好的催化活性,酯化反应的最佳条件为:酸醇物质的量比为1:1.3(乙酸用量为0.1mol),催化剂用量为0.9 g,回流反应1 h,酯化率可达96.69%.