Metagenomics at grass roots

Metagenomics is a robust, interdisciplinary approach for studying microbial community composition, function, and dynamics. It typically involves a core of molecular biology, microbiology, ecology, statistics, and computational biology. Exciting outcomes anticipated from these studies include unraveling of complex interactions that characterize the ecological milieu of microbial communities. Diverse habitats from which metagenomes have been reported include human guts, caterpillar guts, thermal vents in oceans, ore deposits, polar caps, and even soils that adhere to plant roots. Knowledge generated from metagenomic projects has tremendous potential to beneflt human health, agriculture, and ecosystem functions. This article provides a brief history of technical advances in metagenomics, including DNA sequencing methods, and some case studies. A speciflc example is provided of microbial metagenomes found at the roots of native grass species (family Poaceae) that can grow on degraded lands undergoing revegetation.     

民歌里有自己的根

我在查地图,找寻乌苏里江。有一首民歌很好听,好些歌唱家在灌录唱片时,常常会收入这首曲目,这首歌叫做"乌苏里江船歌"。这首好听的歌曲伴随我有几十年了。我常听郭颂的独唱,还有改编后的小乐队的演奏,自己也常小声地哼。小声地哼,是因为我的唱歌水平实在太差,不好     

Grass roots: Natural resources education through videoconferencing

Abstract

This article briefly reviews and compares three offerings of graduate degrees via the Internet—two Master's programs in the field of Management and one Master's program in the area of Library and Information Science. Three different management degrees offered by the University of Phoenix, the Master of Arts in Management offered by The Graduate School of America, and the Master of Science in Library and Information Science offered by the University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign are described according to each program's online and printed prospectus. Based on this information, the three programs are compared and evaluated. The article concludes with a “Consumer's Guide” that formulates some key questions that any potential student of these types of programs should ask before enrolling in such a program.     

关于方阵p次根的若干结果

对方阵p次根问题做了初步的综述,给出了方阵p次根的若干性质,以及方阵p次根存在的若干条件.     

The roots of gender inequity in technical areas

This article describes a study of the academic self-concepts, attributions and achievements of male and female Asian American and Caucasian students who won Westinghouse Awards in 1984 and 1985. The results of the study showed that fewer Caucasian female recipients anticipated college majors in the technical areas. Furthermore, this group of females scored lower on both parts of the SAT, scored lower on all of the self-concept scales, and also scored lower on both attribution scales. In contrast, the Asian females optimized courses for the gifted and specialized research courses to distance themselves from the American females in almost all areas. The author linked these ethnic, gender differences to underlying psychological and sociological forces that are responsible for the self-concept and attribution differences. It is these forces that must be altered for Caucasian females to rectify the gender inequalities that exist in the technical areas.     

To maintain circularity: Biological roots of education

Truisms have the disadvantage that by dulling the senses they obscure the truth. Almost nobody will become alarmed when told that in times of continuity the future equals the past. Only a few will become aware that from this follows that in times of socio-cultural change the future will not be like the past... At any moment we are free to act toward the future we desire. In other words, the future will be as we wish and perceive it to be. This may come as a shock only to those who let their thinking be governed by the principle that demands that only the rules observed in the past shall apply to the future. For those the concept of change is inconceivable, for change is the process that obliterates the rules of the past (Von Foerster, 1972).     

浅谈英语语言中的性别差异及其根源

很多语言学家认为,语言的性别差异存在于各种语言之中,并且它已经成为了语言学家所兴趣的非常重要的课题之一。本文浅谈英语语言中存在的性别差异,并且分析其根源。     

关于平方根整数部分的几个等式

解决了有关平方根整数部分的几个问题.