基于心理契约的员工忠诚度研究

员工对企业的忠诚是企业实现绩效目标和稳定发展的一个必要条件,组织中的心理契约是联系员工与组织之间的心理纽带,也是影响员工行为和态度的重要因素。现实中造成员工对企业的忠诚度下降的原因主要在于员工与企业的心理契约不协调,因此,研究心理契约与员工忠诚度之间的关系具有重要的意义。     

心理契约视角下知识型员工的激励研究

随着知识经济时代的到来,知识型员工已经逐渐成为目前企业管理以及人力资源资本核心的重要部分,对于企业人才管理以及企业发展都有着非常重要的影响和作用。进行心理契约视角下知识型员工激励的分析与研究,对于完善企业管理制度,促进企业人才与管理发展进步,提升企业发展竞争力等,都有着重要的作用和意义。在本文中,表述的是结合了知识型员工的内涵和员工特点的心理契约的概念,并从心理契约角度分析知识型员工的激励现状、存在的问题以及激励策略等方面问题的研究。     

基于心理契约的IT企业核心员工离职问题分析

本文在分析心理契约和IT企业核心员工的特点的基础上,从员工心理契约形成的过程出发,分析核心员工的离职问题并提出解决途径。     

图书馆知识型员工心理契约的动态管理

图书馆知识型员工是图书馆发展的核心力量。图书馆管理者对知识型员工心理契约进行动态管理对于实现知识型员工的心理契约的动态平衡,提高知识型员工的满意度及工作绩效有重要的作用。阐述了心理契约的内涵,分析了知识型员工的特点,并从探索、立业、维持、离职四个阶段对知识型员工心理契约进行管理,最后提出了知识型员工心理契约的动态管理策略。     

企业忠诚:全球化营销的推动力

企业忠诚度的主要衡量指标是品牌忠诚度、顾客忠诚度和员工忠诚度。企业忠诚是一个企业核心竞争力的重要组成部分已经成为共识,在国际化的背景下,企业在面临新的宏观与微观环境的情况下开展全球化营销更要依赖于企业忠诚。我认为,在这三者之中,员工忠诚是最为基础的因素,同时,提高企业忠诚最为可行的方法也是通过一系列的举措来培养和提升员工忠诚。本文探讨了三者的相互关系对全球营销战略实施的影响,并着重论述了怎样通过培养员工忠诚来促进顾客忠诚和品牌忠诚的强化。     

人力资本管理的新视角

企业的人力资本契约具有不完全性，而心理契约这种内隐的、复杂的心理结构在某种程度上填补了其留下的这一空白，但是并不能防止不完全契约所产生的道德风险、“敲竹杠”行为。而且企业组织结构的日益刻扁平化、柔性化、虚拟化使企业单方面破坏了原有的心理契约，导致员工对企业的信任度减弱和忠诚度下降。建议企业采取以下战略，如何利用声誉对契约自动执行的作用，实行市场化的人力资本定价，建立人力资本参与收入分配制度，等等。     

影响知识员工组织忠诚度的因素的实证研究

知识经济时代,如何提高知识员工对企业的忠诚度,成为大多数企业生存和发展的关键所在。本文对影响知识员工组织忠诚度的因素进行了排序,并进一步对其进行了维度划分,以便管理者对知识型员工进行更有效的管理。     

心理契约理论视角下新生代员工工作绩效提升策略研究

基于新生代员工的特点,心理契约已成为影响新生代员工组织行为的重要因素,进而影响员工的工作绩效和企业的组织绩效。文章在心理契约理论研究的基础上,从组织管理角度提出了提升新生代员工工作绩效的策略。     

核心员工流失预警探讨

核心员工管理是企业员工管理的重要组织部分,其水平高低关乎企业生存和发展。文章明确了核心员工的概念,指出了核心员工的特点和重要地位,分析了核心员工流失的原因。在此基础上,提出根据核心员工的服务时间和重要程度,建立分层次、有重点的核心员工流失预警机制,预测可能存在的核心员工流失风险源并实时监控,以便及时采取有效措施化解风险,改进管理,提高核心员工管理水平。     

民营创业企业人力资源管理的公平性与心理契约融合度研究

民营创业企业人力资源管理公平性对员工心理契约融合度有着重要的影响。文章以某大型民营创业企业为研究对象,利用问卷调查及结构方程模型对其人力资源管理的公平性与心理契约融合度进行分析,认为公平性对员工心理契约融合度有着极大关联;心理契约融合度对促进员工工作积极性有着显著性效果;人力资源管理公平性通过员工心理契约融合度对员工工作积极性产生间接影响,可为我国民营创业企业的人力资源管理提供参考性意见及启发性思考。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese