教练员工作压力、社会支持与工作满意度的相关性研究

以168位教练员为研究对象,运用问卷调查法、数理统计法,采用自编的教练员工作压力、社会支持与工作满意度调查问卷对其进行调研.目的是了解教练员工作压力、社会支持与工作满意度的现状及关系.研究结果:教练员工作压力、社会支持、工作满意度整体达中上程度;教练员工作压力工作满意度呈现负相关;社会支持与工作满意度则呈现正相关;教练员工作压力对工作满意度的解释量为20.21%;教练员社会支持对工作满意度的解释量为9.56%.     

Measuring the perception of the teachers’ autonomy-supportive behavior in physical education: Development and initial validation of a multi-dimensional instrument

This research aimed to develop and validate an instrument to assess the students’ perceptions of the teachers’ autonomy-supportive behavior by the multi-dimensional scale (Multi-Dimensional Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Physical Education). The participants were 1,476 students aged 12- to 15-years-old. In Study 1, a pool of 37 items was generated based on past literature and feedback from students and academic experts. In Study 2, the factorial structure of the questionnaire was tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis yielded a final 15-item three-factor solution of the Multi-Dimensional Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Physical Education, covering organizational, procedural, and cognitive dimensions of perceived autonomy support. In Study 3, the incremental validity of the Multi-Dimensional Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Physical Education was supported. The results provided initial evidence for the reliability and validity of the Multi-Dimensional Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Physical Education, as well as its invariance across gender and age. Suggestions for the use of the scale and further research are discussed.     

规律运动与性别差异对高中生身体意象的影响

选用多维度身体与自我关系问卷作工具,对浙江省4所高级中学进行调查.结果显示:(1)除外表取向和疾病取向外,性别差异对高中生的身体意象其他各维度都具有显著影响.男生的外表评价、体能评价、健康评价、身体各部位满意度、体能关注、健康关注显著高于女生.(2)除对头发的满意度无显著性别差异外,对其他身体部位的满意度,男生显著高于女生.(3)规律运动对外表评价、体能评价、健康评价和体能取向有显著影响,而对其他身体意向构成维度没有显著影响.     

普通高校体育舞蹈体育选项课学生学习满意度的调查分析

采用问卷调查、访谈等方法,以南京4所大学部分学生为调查对象,旨在了解普通高校体育舞蹈体育选项课学生学习满意度。结果显示体育舞蹈体育选项课学生学习满意度由高到低依次为学生个人、教师、学习环境、教学内容;在获得学习乐趣方面,女生的学习满意度显著高于男生;在对教师动作示范水平满意度上,有显著性别差异;在教学内容方面,女生的学习满意度显著高于男生。     

Development and Initial Validation of the Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale in Physical Education

The current study presents the development process and initial validation of a measure designed for assessing psychological needs satisfaction in a secondary school physical education context (Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale in Physical Education, PNSSPE). Junior secondary school (grades 7 to 9) students (N?=?1,258) were invited to participate in three studies. In Study 1, item generation (34 items) and initial content validity of the PNSSPE were achieved. In Study 2, the factorial structure of the PNSSPE was tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency reliabilities of the subscales were also examined. In Study 3, the reliability and validity of the scores derived from the PNSSPE were further examined in an independent sample. Overall, the PNSSPE demonstrated good content, factorial, discriminant, and nomological validities. It also demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The measurement model was proven invariant across gender and samples. Psychometric evidence from a series of studies suggests that the PNSSPE could be used as a reliable and valid measure to assess Hong Kong secondary school students’ satisfaction of psychological needs in physical education.     

体育锻炼与中学生主观幸福感的关系

为探索中学生参加体育锻炼的情况和主观幸福感的关系,采用体育锻炼量表、主观幸福感量表对中学生进行问卷调查,用T检验、方差、相关性分析中学生参加体育锻炼与主观幸福感的关系。结果表明,中学生主观幸福感在性别、家庭所在地和父母婚姻状况等方面存在着差异性;体育锻炼不同等级对中学生主观幸福感各个维度除在生活满意度上不存在显著性差异外,在其余四个维度上均存在高度显著性差异;中学生参加体育锻炼有利于主观幸福感的提高。     

当代大学生的身体自我特点

对908名大学生进行身体自我量表的测试和体育锻炼现状的问卷调查,结果表明:总体上,大学生对自己的身体状况比较满意;大学生身体自我存在性别差异,男生对自己身体的满意程度显著高于女生;大四学生的身体自我满意程度显著高于其他年级,到研究生阶段有所回落,大二学生的身体自我评价最低;体育专业大学生身体自我满意程度显著高于普通大学生,经常参加体育锻炼的大学生其身体自我显著高于不参加体育锻炼的大学生;来自农村的大学生身体自我满意程度显著高于城市大学生.     

Development and validation of Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire

Purpose: The objectives were to develop and validate the Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire. The Coaches’ Interpersonal Style Questionnaire analyzes the interpersonal style adopted by coaches when implementing their strategy of supporting or thwarting athletes’ basic psychological needs. Method: In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis was performed with 265 Spanish male athletes, between 11- and 17-years-old, to confirm the internal structure of the questionnaire. Study 2 was conducted with 430 athletes, also between 11- and 17-years-old. Both confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used to test a set of alternative models to find the best measurement model. Results: The hierarchical exploratory structural equation modeling model showed the best fit to the data and acceptable standardized factor loadings. Concurrent validity was revealed through correlational analysis of the basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration. Conclusion: This study provides a multi-dimensional questionnaire to assess coaches’ interpersonal style perceived by athletes.     

The motivating role of positive feedback in sport and physical education: evidence for a motivational model

Based on self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), an experimental study with middle school students participating in a physical education task and a correlational study with highly talented sport students investigated the motivating role of positive competence feedback on participants' well-being, performance, and intention to participate. In Study 1, structural equation modeling favored the hypothesized motivational model, in which, after controlling for pretask perceived competence and competence valuation, feedback positively predicted competence satisfaction, which in turn predicted higher levels of vitality and greater intentions to participate, through the mediation of autonomous motivation. No effects on performance were found. Study 2 further showed that autonomous motivation mediated the relation between competence satisfaction and well-being, whereas a motivation mediated the negative relation between competence satisfaction and ill-being and rated performance. The discussion focuses on the motivational role of competence feedback in sports and physical education settings.     

大学生体育生活方式与体育锻炼态度的关系研究

为探讨大学生体育生活方式与体育锻炼态度的关系,本文以1002名在沈阳市校大学生为研究对象,通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法进行调查研究。结果显示:具有良好体育生活方式的女生总体比例明显低于男生。此外,无论男女生,除主观标准外,其它各维度与体育生活方式均显著相关;其中,目标态度、行为习惯、情感体验、行为意向对养成良好的体育生活方式影响较显著。提示,积极的体育锻炼态度是大学生养成良好体育生活方式的重要基础。     

“变换比赛教学法”在黑龙江省普通高校羽毛球课外俱乐部教学中的实验研究

文章运用文献资料、实验、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法,对变换比赛教学法在黑龙江省普通高校羽毛球课外俱乐部教学中的应用进行了系统的研究。研究发现：运用变换比赛教学法能明显加快学生学习羽毛球技术的进度,充分发挥学生的主体作用,能促进学生开拓思维,增强学生之间交流,营造良好的学习氛围,提高学生对羽毛球运动的兴趣,对树立终身体育意识有积极的影响,同时学生也对变换比赛教学法持较高的满意度。建议教师提高自身羽毛球实战能力,以便更好地指导学生;维护学生自信心;丰富课外教学内容、创新课外教学手段。     

大学生健身态度与瑜伽教学的关系性研究

通过文献资料法、问卷调查法及数理统计法等科研方法对大学开展瑜伽教学和大学生锻炼态度进行调查分析。大学生对瑜伽健身的认知、满意度较好;大学生健身态度在瑜伽教学前后比较,在行为态度、目标态度、行为认知、行为习惯及情感体验这几个维度上存在显著差异性。建议：教育行政部门重视瑜伽教学,高校要注重专业师资的培养和培训,大学生要成立瑜伽社团组织提高对瑜伽的认知和训练水平。     

当代大学生身体自我特点研究

对908名大学生进行身体自我量表的测试和体育锻炼现状的问卷调查,结果表明:总体上,大学生对自己的身体比较满意;大学生身体自我存在性别差异,男生对自己身体的满意程度显著高于女生;大四学生的身体自我满意程度显著高于其他各年级,到研究生阶段有所回落,大二学生的身体自我评价最低;体育专业大学生身体自我满意程度显著高于普通大学生,经常参加体育锻炼的大学生其身体自我满意程度显著高于不参加体育锻炼的大学生;来自农村的大学生身体自我满意程度显著高于城市大学生。并进一步分析探讨了差异存在的具体指标。     

Psychological need thwarting in the sport context: assessing the darker side of athletic experience

Research in self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2002) has shown that satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs in sport contexts is associated with enhanced engagement, performance, and well-being. This article outlines the initial development of a multidimensional measure designed to assess psychological need thwarting, an under-studied area of conceptual and practical importance. Study 1 generated a pool of items designed to tap the negative experiential state that occurs when athletes perceive their needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness to be actively undermined. Study 2 tested the factorial structure of the questionnaire using confirmatory factor analysis. The supported model comprised 3 factors, which represented the hypothesized interrelated dimensions of need thwarting. The model was refined and cross-validated using an independent sample in Study 3. Overall, the psychological need thwarting scale (PNTS) demonstrated good content, factorial, and predictive validity, as well as internal consistency and invariance across gender, sport type, competitive level, and competitive experience. The conceptualization of psychological need thwarting is discussed, and suggestions are made regarding the use of the PNTS in research pertaining to the darker side of sport participation.     

Serious leisure: the sport of target shooting and leisure satisfaction

This study is designed to identify the underlying satisfaction dimensions gained through engagement in target shooting as a serious leisure pastime. The instrument design was based on the Leisure Satisfaction Scale. A total of 5502 useable surveys were collected through the Internet and a website related to target shooting and gun ownership. The results revealed eight dimensions: self-actualization, social interaction, location aesthetic, respite, physical benefit, connection and hedonic pleasure, which supplied the primary satisfiers of engaging in target shooting as a serious leisure activity. The demographic profile and dimensions of satisfaction may serve to dispel commonly held stereotypes of shooting hobbyists and those involved in gun ownership. The findings have important implications for leisure researchers and practitioners, to industry, both leisure and firearm related, and the target shooting community at large. This study adds to the literature of both target shooting and serious leisure.     

“期望理论”下高职学生体育教学满意度研究

运用问卷调查法,以1 504名浙江省在校高职学生为调研对象,调查高职学生体育教学满意度。结果显示,学生对体育教学有较高期望,对体育教学情况基本满意,在体育教学期望度和满意度上差异性显著。     

体育课教学质量与学习满意度及课外体育锻炼意向关系研究

以东北石油大学大一、大三年级的学生为研究对象,采取问卷调查的形式对学生课外体育锻炼行为、体育课的教学质量、体育课学习满意度和课外体育锻炼意向进行调查,旨在了解学生业余时间的体育锻炼参与行为,并进一步探讨体育课教学质量与学生学习满意度及体育锻炼意向之间的关系。结果发现：学生对体育课的教学质量评价较好,学习满意度较高,且体育课教学质量和学习满意度均会影响学生的课外体育锻炼意向。因此建议教师要通过提高体育课教学质量和学生的学习满意度来进一步影响学生的课外体育锻炼意向,使更多的学生积极参加到课外体育锻炼中。     

身体活动水平对大学生全人健康的影响研究

为了考察性别、年级、身体活动水平与大学生全人健康各维度之间的差异性,采用问卷调查法,对1713名大学生进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷1570份,有效率为92%。使用独立样本t检验对男、女大学生进行差异分析,对不同年级的低、中、高运动强度和频率进行方差分析。结果表明:大学生的全人健康水平处于中等水平(M=2.55,SD=0.43),其中女大学生整体健康水平高于男大学生,女大学生在职业、智力、情感、精神、身体健康维度均高于男大学生,两者在财务、社会、环境健康维度无显著性差异。二年级大学生全人健康水平最高,四年级最低。身体健康和社会健康是全人健康模型中得分最高的维度。在中、高等强度身体活动水平上全人健康得分最高,低运动频率的大学生全人健康水平最高,高运动频率的大学生全人健康水平最低。由此可知,引入国外全人健康测量工具,用来评估我国大学生群体,其结果具有较高的信效度。相关变量的检定与研究假设相符,为今后进一步开展全人健康相关研究奠定了基础。     

跆拳道俱乐部消费环境满意度的学生会员属性分析

跆拳道俱乐部会员对俱乐部的环境满意度可能会影响到其行为选择和决策倾向,最终影响到俱乐部运营情况,而学生会员是跆拳道俱乐部会员的重要组成部分。通过对杭州市跆拳道俱乐部的300名学生会员进行问卷测评,分析不同性别、年龄和跆拳道级别的学生会员属性对俱乐部环境满意度的教练员资质、课程项目与设施3个维度的认知情况。发现女生对俱乐部课程设置和设施的满意度显著低于男生,学历越高对指导者资质的满意度越低,黄带、绿带和蓝带的中级水平会员对教练员资质和课程项目的要求较高。所以俱乐部丰富课程内容和完善设施更利于吸引和保有女生会员,聘请高水平教练员、设置内容丰富的课程项目是吸引高学历会员和中级水平会员的关键。     

浅析武术散打运动对于负性情绪宣泄的积极作用

情绪是人们日常亲身体验着的一种心理活动。它可以给人们带来快乐和满足,又会使人不可避免地遭受苦恼和折磨。经常参加体育锻炼不仅能够促进人的身体健康,而且能够使人获得积极的心理效益,体育锻炼在促进人的情绪健康方面有着尤为突出的作用。笔者根据武术散打所具有的独特作用介绍式术散打训练对学生负性情绪宣泄的影响。通过发放调查问卷,资料分析,查阅文献等方法对当代大学生的负性情培进行研究,为学生形成正确的人生观、世界观作出积极的努力。