“I am in a constant struggle:” The challenges of providing instruction to incarcerated youth in southern California

This paper examines the challenges of mandatory educational instruction in the California correction system. Current scholarship on youth education in incarceration focuses on the challenges faced by youth and teachers. Our study adds to this scholarship by demonstrating that the context of teaching in centers of incarceration, specifically center of incarceration that have adopted a wraparound service strategy, prevents teachers from disentangling their teaching practices from practices of managing and disciplining youth who are in incarceration. Using semi-structured interviews, we interviewed 15 teachers who work in four juvenile detention facilities in Southern California. We found three primary challenges: one, low level of education; two, the emotional labor required of teachers; three, negotiating the interactions with administrators, correctional officers, and other on-site personnel. Thus, our findings demonstrate that the three challenges highlighted macro-institutional barriers which individual teacher and students are able to navigate but are unable to fundamentally change.     

看守所未成年在押人员的心理评估及矫治——以浙江省杭州市看守所为例

准确了解和及时掌握看守所未成年在押人员的行为特征和心理状态,以便采取有针对性的矫治措施,是做好未成年在押人员的监管与矫正工作的重要保障。从对杭州市看守所的调研来看,随着未成年在押人员的认知水平、价值观念等日趋复杂,传统的把握其心理状态的方法已明显不足。鉴于此,杭州市看守所针对未成年在押人员的心理评估方法进行积极探索与实践,并在此基础上提出有针对性的矫治措施。     

Juvenile offenders with special needs: Critical issues and bleak outcomes

Social, adaptive, and academic skills must be acquired by today's juvenile offenders, especially those who have disabilities and are ethnically or linguistically diverse, to function effectively at a job and in the community. To give juvenile offenders the opportunity to acquire these skills, juvenile justice systems must address the special academic needs of these individuals. Currently, treatment programs in the juvenile justice system do not fully remediate deficient reading skills in youth with reading disabilities, possibly leading to higher incidence of juvenile offenses among this population. This paper identifies major issues and challenges for juvenile offenders with special needs, including dropout, un- and underemployment, and recidivism to demonstrate the need for reading and literacy intervention. Implications for family-school-juvenile detention staff intervention and future research needs within a sociocultural framework for juvenile offenders with special needs are discussed.     

Feasibility of Conducting Child Abuse Research with Girls in Juvenile Detention Using Audio-Computer Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) Technology

This paper presents a feasibility study of audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) technology used to elicit self-reported histories of child maltreatment among detained adolescent girls (N?=?35). We focus on methodological, legal, ethical, and administrative challenges to the collection of sensitive information from minors who are wards of the state. We conclude that extensive collaboration with detention center staff was required to address and overcome these challenges. Pending the availability of additional evidence from demographically diverse samples, the extent to which the ACASI method improves the completeness and accuracy of child maltreatment histories reported by adolescent girls in juvenile detention remains unclear. Further research is needed to determine whether the advantages of the ACASI technology contribute to more valid and reliable reporting of maltreatment by detained girls in a setting where an empathetic interviewer, who may facilitate the disclosure process, is absent.     

侦查阶段律师会见存在的问题及规制——以驻看守所检察为视角

会见中律师不规范的行为,看守所硬件设置的不足以及办案部门追求破案的冲动,影响了正常的律师会见.文章从驻看守所检察视角出发,提出利用空闲讯问室、依法约束侦查机关、监督律师依法会见,以规制侦查阶段律师会见.     

谈多媒体教室的使用和管理

从组织教师培训、加强管理和设备维护三个方面谈了如何做好多媒体教室的使用和管理。     

Disproportionate over-representation of Indigenous students in New South Wales government special schools

A significant gap exists in the Australian research literature on the disproportionate over-representation of minority groups in special education. The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to the research evidence-base by sketching an outline of the issue as it presents in Australia’s largest education system in the state of New South Wales. Findings from this research show that Indigenous students are equally represented in special schools enrolling students with autism, physical, sensory, and intellectual disabilities, but significantly over-represented in special schools enrolling students under the categories of emotional disturbance, behaviour disorder and juvenile detention. Factors that might influence the disproportionate over-representation of Indigenous children and young people are discussed, and based on these observations, some practical implications for policy and practice are provided.     

煤化工专业实践教学改革浅析

煤化工专业实验是煤化工专业学生的重要实践课程,专业实践教学效果的好坏直接关系到学生以后的发展;现阶段煤化工专业实验教学在实验教学模式方面,实验设置方面,实验教材、设施方面存在一定的问题,阻碍了学生在专业实验学习中主动性的发挥;针对这些情况,建议在煤化工专业实验教学中引入新的教学模式,增强专业实验工程性和实践性,加强实验教材、设施建设。     

Leadership challenges in an educational program at a UAE juvenile detention center: A contextual analysis

Effective school leadership is a vital component of successful educational organizations, and the increasing complexity of schools requires leaders to employ contingent skills and contextualized approaches. We examined administrative approaches and challenges at an educational center of a juvenile detention facility in Abu Dhabi. Qualitative data for analysis were collected through interviews from administrators, a social worker, and teachers. Specific challenges encountered by the leaders of the juvenile center included support and communication issues with parents, discontinuity in juvenile students’ education, organizational and systemic problems, policy constraints, managerial pitfalls following early releases, curriculum suitability and delivery issues, problems involving follow-up and progress management of students, and difficulties regarding the general motivation and rehabilitation of juvenile students. The findings illustrated the significance of leaders’ roles in juvenile education and the staff relationships that influenced the fulfillment of leaders’ roles.     

如何提高新建本科院校英语专业精读教学质量——毕节学院英语专业精读教学现状的调查与分析

对毕节学院英语专业精读教学现状进行调查而得出的结果反映了新建本科院校英语专业精读教学效果不甚理想,存在着教学模式落后、教学方法单一且不灵活、教学设施不足等影响教学质量的制约因素.针对这些制约因素,文章就如何改进教学方法、促进师生课堂互动及构建多媒体教学模式等展开讨论,并探讨了一些相应的解决策略,以提高地方新建本科院校英语专业精读教学质量.     

Developmental delay or regression in moral reasoning by juvenile delinquents?

This study extends research on moral reasoning competence in juvenile delinquents to their practical reasoning and perception of an institutional moral atmosphere in order to find out whether a delay in moral competence is one of the causes of the offence or one of the consequences of institutionalization or both. The study involved 64 delinquent adolescents from a modern, humane, high security detention centre and 81 secondary school pupils, all males. Delinquent adolescents exhibited lower moral competence than non‐delinquents, particularly in the value area ‘obeying the law’, but the difference was smaller than previously reported. Juvenile delinquents' perception of the moral atmosphere in the detention centre was no lower than that of pupils regarding their school and their low moral competence could not be attributed to a poor moral atmosphere in the centre. Thus, the small delay found in moral competence is likely to precede detention. In both the delinquent and pupil groups perception of a poor moral atmosphere was a more important indicator of self‐reported antisocial behaviour than low moral competence. Our conclusion is that improving the perception of the institutional moral atmosphere in school and in prison is more likely to reduce antisocial behaviour among adolescents than only improving their moral competence.     

Designing more effective on‐campus teaching and learning spaces: a role for academic developers

Teaching and learning on campus takes place within specific physical settings that are integral to the process. The traditional, teacher‐centred and didactic instruction of universities has been embedded in the constructed environment of the campus, particularly the lecture theatres and other formal classrooms. However, these same facilities now threaten to impede the implementation of more student‐centred and flexible learning approaches being introduced in higher education worldwide. Recent attempts to create new teaching and learning facilities on university campuses have often resulted in celebrated architecture that has proved to be educationally problematic. What types of physical settings are required to support the teaching and learning processes emerging in higher education? This paper draws on the author's work in the field, and argues that academic developers have a key role to play in assisting universities to engage effectively in the design and development of more effective teaching and learning facilities.     

英文电影资料在高职英语听力教学中的应用模式探索

随着教育现代化的发展,教学设备和教学手段正发生急剧变化,有效推进了英语教学改革的发展。传统听力教学长期采用单一的教学模式:放音—练习—对答案,这种模式收效甚微,直接影响到学生听力水平的提高。在多媒体教学环境下的今天,如何有效地进行高职英语听力教学已成为广大英语教师面临的一个重大课题。而英文电影作为一种直观、形象、生动的方式越来越受到学生们的青睐。     

基于实验室模式的包装设计有效教学初探

现行包装设计专业教学仍存在诸多不足:包装设计专业学生"求学心态"的不健康;教学大纲"面全而不精";师资力量的薄弱与教学设备的缺乏问题;包装设计教学成果与市场需求的供求矛盾。为此,有目的地启用实验室模式教学,更新教学观念,规范设计教学,确定新的教学目标;完善教学设备,理论与实践同步发展;积极探索有效教学的新模式。     

The Value-Added Nature of Service-Learning

This research explores the benefits of service-learning among a group of Midwestern college students. Students enrolled in a section of a Juvenile Delinquency course served as volunteers at a juvenile detention facility and were studied using a pre-test/post-test survey design. This pilot project also included a comparison group of students in a section of the course which did not involve service-learning. The study compared service-learning to non-service-learning students in terms of attitudes regarding juvenile delinquency, punishment, and attributions of criminal behavior. We also examined any possible effects of service-learning on student academic skills, career goals, and comfort level with delinquents. Overall, we found that the service-learning project was a valuable educational tool having a positive impact on a number of student outcomes. We discuss the implications of these findings for service-learning research and practice.     

普通高中通用技术教学现状分析及学科建设构想

目前普通高中在实施通用技术课程的过程中,普遍存在着思想观念陈旧、课时较少、硬件不足、师资紧缺等问题。针对这些问题,应转变思想观念,提高课程认识;充分利用校内外资源,丰富教学设施以弥补资源的不足;健全教师发展平台,保证技术课程高效实施。江苏省如皋市通过设立"如皋市通用技术教育实验学校",实现如皋县域内普通高中通用技术专用教室及实验室的共享,实现教学资源共享,提高设备、设施的利用率,不失为一条可供借鉴的路子,以期实现普通高中通用技术教学健康高效地、可持续地发展。     

电子工艺实习课程的改革与实践

该文针对当前电子工艺实习课程教学思想落后、教学设备陈旧、教学手段僵化、教学效果不尽人意的现状，提出了电子工艺实习课程改革的基本设想和基本原则，并从教学思想、教学设施、教学内容和教学手段等方面提出了具体的改革方法，在教学实践中取得良好的效果。     

A Qualitative Study of Juvenile Offenders,Student Engagement,and Interpersonal Relationships: Implications for Research Directions and Preventionist Approaches

Background factors that correlate with juvenile delinquency are consistent across the interdisciplinary literature base. Yet, information about the process of how risks relate to outcomes, especially within school settings, is limited. Researchers used qualitative methods to examine school and interpersonal experiences from the perspective of juvenile offenders and their families. Sixteen families were recruited from juvenile probation facilities in 2 different geographic regions. Consensual Qualitative Research methods yielded consistent themes, including the central role of advocacy to obtain appropriate school services, the importance of flexibility in discipline policies, classroom experiences that shaped outcomes, and the importance of nonjudgmental social support for the adolescents and their parents. The findings and recommendations for school consultants are presented from a preventionist standpoint, and self-determination theory is discussed in relation to future juvenile delinquency research.     

The impact of an intensive multisensory reading program on a population of learning-disabled delinquents

The high prevalence of learning disabilities in the juvenile delinquent population has been well documented, but attempts to remediate and have an impact on recidivism of this population of delinquents has produced limited results. The present study is a replication of the remediation phase of the 1976 LD/JD Project with methodological refinements to control for treatment integrity and strength of treatment. Delinquents in two detention facilities were screened for a developmental reading disorder. Subjects were selected for the study based on normal intelligence, full English proficiency, and a discrepancy of 15 points between reading achievement and IQ. Subjects in the treatment group received 90 minutes of remedial reading instruction per day using a multisensory (Orton/Gillingham) approach. A comparison group received 45 minutes of daily reading instruction in the regular classroom. There was no significant difference between the two groups in mean age of first arrest, mean age, and mean hours of reading instruction. Based on pre- and posttesting in reading and arrest records one year following release, the treatment group made significantly greater growth in reading (.33 year growth vs −.05 year growth per 10 hours of instruction) and had a significantly lower rate of recidivism (41 percent vs 63 percent) than the comparison group. Results were discussed in terms of hours of instruction necessary to improve reading, intervening treatment variables, and cost effectiveness of remedial program.