锻炼社会支持量表的编制与信效度检验

有规律的体育锻炼对人们的身心健康具有积极的促进作用,而社会支持是影响锻炼行为的重要相关因素。因此本研究的目的在于编制和检验锻炼社会支持量表。通过结合现有研究文献和质性研究,确立了初测量表,并通过两轮定量研究,应用探索性和验证性因子分析,信度分析以及校标效度检验对该量表进行了标准化的信效度检验。结果表明锻炼社会支持量表由4个因子构成,即情感性支持、信息性支持、工具性支持、同伴性支持,共24个条目。统计分析显示,量表具有良好的结构效度、内部一致性、重测信度和校标效度。锻炼社会支持量表符合我国文化背景,可以作为在中国人群中进行锻炼社会支持测量的工具。     

Factorial and convergent validity of the Exercise Identity Scale in a German adult sample

The purpose of the present study was to examine the factorial and convergent validity of the German translation of the Exercise Identity Scale (EIS; Anderson & Cychosz, 1994). We introduce a bifactor model as a possible alternative to the previously discussed one- and two-factor models. Using an online study with 530 participants, our results suggest that the EIS should be considered a unidimensional measure. For this one-factor model, temporal invariance (time interval: 2 weeks) and invariance between men and women could be established. Relations to similar constructs were in the expected directions. We provide a psychometrically sound German version of the EIS, which demonstrated factorial and convergent validity in this study. The use of the scale in German samples is likely to advance research on exercise adoption and maintenance by integrating the exercise identity construct.     

大学生体育锻炼行为与时间管理倾向特征研究

采用体育锻炼阶段问卷和时间管理倾向问卷对大学生进行调查,探索大学生体育锻炼与时间管理倾向间的关系,结果发现没有时间并不是影响大学生参与体育锻炼的重要因素;在大学生意识到自己须积极参与体育锻炼后培养其时间管理的意识、技巧和效能有利于消除积极锻炼的障碍。     

运动认知水平心理测评量表的初步编制及相关分析

针对现代运动心理及训练领域中运动认知的发展认识,通过文献资料调研、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,初步建立我国运动员运动认知水平的心理测评量表,内容分为运动表象、注意能力、运动知觉及思维能力等4个方面,并探讨不同性别、不同级别及项目运动员在运动认知上的差异现象,明确了运动认知各维度的具体作用及其特征,为后续研究提供参考工具。     

Factor Structure of the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale

The current study utilized exercise self-efficacy ratings from undergraduate students to assess the factor structure of the Self-Efficacy to Regulate Exercise Scale (Bandura, 1997, 2006). An exploratory factor analysis (n = 759) indicated a two-factor model solution and three separate confirmatory factor analyses (n = 1,798) supported this assertion. However, a bifactor analysis simultaneously estimating factor loadings on a general factor and two subfactors (Emotional Issues and External Influences) indicated that the Self-Efficacy to Regulate Exercise Scale is best interpreted using the general factor and subfactors together. Additionally, structural equation models (n = 2,294) relating exercise self-efficacy and completed exercise support the assertion that a bifactor model provides the most accurate information. This study is the first to assess the factor structure of the Self-Efficacy to Regulate Exercise Scale using common factor analysis and bifactor techniques and provides evidence for the use of general factor and subfactors.     

探析导引养生功与推拿按摩的结合发展

导引养生功与推拿按摩都是以中医基础理论为指导的医疗保健项目,具有悠久的历史和广泛的群众基础。在当代,面对体育健身项目之间日益激烈的竞争,人们选择的多样化,导引养生功应如何发展以顺应社会的要求,这涉及到中国传统养生项目在当代社会中将何去何从的问题。文章就导引养生功与推拿按摩结合发展的可能性问题进行研究,以便导引养生功能更广泛的传播发展,发挥更大的价值。     

大学生体育锻炼变化阶段（连续性测量）量表的修正研究

根据心理测量原理和变化阶段理论,对英文量表Stage of Change(Continuous Measure)Scale进行了本土化的修订,编制为中文版量表。分别对上海和北京部分高校的300名和550名大学生进行第一版和第二版的测试,采用因素分析和相关分析等统计方法进行了信效度的分析。结果表明:中文版“大学生体育锻炼变化阶段(连续性测量)量表”具有较高的信效度,是测量大学生锻炼变化阶段的有效工具。     

武术套路运动员的心率变化特征及其运动强度与运动时间

利用心率遥测仪对参加全国武术４２式综合太极拳比赛的男女运动员的赛前训练和比赛中的心率进行了测定,观测其运动强度及其心率变化的特点,有助于为竞赛套路提供时间与强度方面的最佳选择范围。     

科学健身素养的相关研究述评

在全面提高青少年科学素质,青少年体育健身意识、科学健身素养普遍增强的社会背景下,本文采用文献资料法,以科学健身素养为切入点,从科学素养的理论视角、青少年科学素养的现状视角,以及从青少年参与体育健身现状等视角出发,对青少年科学健身素养的相关研究进行分析。研究了解到,研究青少年科学素养和参与体育健身的相关学者较多,但是至今还鲜有学者以科学健身素养为切入点,研究青少年的科学健身素养。而且在已有的相关研究中,理论研究多于实证研究;研究对象单一;研究方法局限化,多为文献资料法和问卷调查法。     

运动与单胺类神经递质之间关系的研究进展

神经递质是由神经细胞分泌并作用于效应细胞,使其发生特异性的功能改变的一类活性物质。它是机体主要的调节途径之一,对人的行为、情绪和运动能力都有着至关重要的作用。神经递质分为4类,即单胺类、氨基酸类、肽类、其它类。其中单胺类神经递质是最先被发现的,同时也是研究的热点之一。近年来,神经递质与运动能力的相互关系日益受到人们的关注,国内外不少专家学者对此做了大量研究,并取得了一些成果。文章旨在探讨运动对单胺类神经递质代谢的影响,分析单胺类神经递质的作用和相互关系,为今后进一步的研究和应用提供理论依据。     

后奥运时期我国群众田径运动的影响因素与发展对策研究

本文通过运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、数理统计法、逻辑分析及专家反馈等方法,对我国目前与后奥运时期影响群众田径运动发展因素进行分析研究,提出我国后奥运时期群众田径运动的发展对策,以满足国民全民健身的需要,促进我国田径运动的发展。     

对在杭高校教职工体育锻炼组织管理的研究

通过调查研究,找出现存体制下存在的问题,在此基础上提出新的组织管理体系,增加人力物力的投入,协调好各相关机构的关系;切实解决教职工参与体育锻炼的实际问题;紧密教职工体育锻炼和工作生活的关联,并制定相应的激励机制,促使部分体弱多病,锻炼意识不强的教工参与到体育锻炼的行列中来。     

重庆市高校大学生课外体育锻炼管理研究

文章阐述了普通高校课外体育锻炼的价值,进一步论证了加强课外体育锻炼管理的重要性。旨在能引起有关领导对此问题的重视以及同行对体育管理方面能加以关注,共同解决这一学校体育工作的难题。     

Development of the Exercise Motives and Gains Inventory

There are existing measures of exercise motives (what people want from exercise), but corresponding measures of gains (what people get) are needed, because motives and gains could influence each other and together influence other variables. An exercise motives and gains inventory (EMGI) was developed by creating gains scales to complement existing Exercise Motivations Inventory 2 scales. Confirmatory factor analyses of EMGI items established that items reflected their intended constructs; and that motive and gain constructs were distinct. Exploratory structural equation modeling of EMGI scales established that the higher-order structures of motives and gains were somewhat different: Appearance motive was associated with weight management, whereas appearance gain was associated with health and fitness. Paired-sample t-tests established that gains were less than motives in some instances (ill-health avoidance, positive health), and greater in others (e.g., affiliation, challenge). The EMGI can be used to investigate the consequences and causes of motives and gains.     

田径赛前最佳竞技状态调控原则、训练时间及运动负荷的安排

采用文献资料研究法,论述了田径运动员赛前最佳竞技状态的调控原则、训练时间的确定,以及运动负荷的安排。     

Development and Validation of a Test Instrument for the Assessment of Basic Motor Competencies in Primary School

A central aim of Physical Education (PE) is the promotion of basic motor competencies (“Motorische Basiskompetenzen” [MOBAK]). These are the necessary prerequisites for developing a physically active lifestyle. Valid test instruments are needed for the evaluation of the effect of PE. For this purpose, we developed a test instrument for the assessment of basic motor competencies in first graders. We empirically investigated the construct validity of this MOBAK test instrument in a study (N = 317, M = 7.0 years, girls: n = 173, boys: n = 144). The exploratory factor analysis shows a two factorial structure (locomotion, object control), which is confirmed in a confirmatory factor analysis (CFI = .96, RMSEA = .036, WRMR = .65). In subsequent analyses, we were able to demonstrate that the calculation of a factor sum value for each factor is statistically valid, the factorial structure is the same for boys and girls (χ² [6] = 6.95, p = .33), and no differential item functioning exists. The MOBAK test instrument is sufficient for the test-theoretical requirements and is thus suitable for the evaluation of the effect of PE.     

21世纪初我国体育运动心理学研究发展格局及趋向的思考——第7届全国运动心理学大会研究现状剖析

笔者通过对第7届全国运动心理学大会论文的归类分析,旨在揭示21世纪初我国体育运动心理学发展的定势格局及未来研究趋向,想借此为有关学者提供理论和实践上的参考,以便促进本学科更加健康、可持续性发展。     

安徽省大学生健美操开展现状及发展研究

根据“安徽省城镇健美操开展现状与前景研究”课题有关数据，对大学生健美操态度、价值取向、需求、开展状况进行分析研究，认为健美操在学校素质教育中占有重要的地位和作用，是需要重点开发和推广的项目之一。     

黑龙江民族、民间健身方法在学校体育中的传承发展

体育具有教育、健身、娱乐、竞技等价值功能,而带有民族、民间特色的健身运动更是地域文化的一个缩影,不仅具备普通体育的价值功能,同时还传递着民间文化和一个地区的地域精神。把学生喜闻乐见、符合其身心发展规律的传统体育项目引入学校体育课堂中,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。既是对民族、民间体育的发扬光大,使学生在积极参与活动的同时认识民族传统体育文化,更是对学校体育内容的补充和发展,会极大地丰富学校体育的课程内容。冬季体育文化和冬季健身方法独树一帜。学校的体育教学是实现体育文化传承的主要途径和基本媒介,是提高当代学生综合素质和体育精神的导向和航标。     

An Examination and Validation of an Adapted Youth Experience Scale for University Sport

Limited tools assess positive development through university sport. Such a tool was validated in this investigation using two independent samples of Canadian university athletes. In Study 1, 605 athletes completed 99 survey items drawn from the Youth Experience Scale (YES 2.0), and separate a priori measurement models were evaluated (i.e., 99 items, YES 2.0, YES for Sport [YES-S]). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) results indicated issues with model fit. Post-hoc modifications improved fit, resulting in a 46-item, 9-factor model with five positive and four negative dimensions. In Study 2, 511 athletes completed the same items. The resultant model was confirmed using both CFA (comparative fit index [CFI] = .911, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = .056, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .040) and ESEM (CFI = .956, SRMR = .023, RMSEA = .034). The resultant University Sport Experience Survey provides a reliable and factorially valid instrument for measuring development in university sport.