MIFGASHIM: A Meeting of Minds and Hearts

“Mifgashim” — structured meetings between Diaspora participants of Israel Experience Programs and Israeli youth — are organized to strengthen ties between the two populations. Two basic models of Mifgashim are offered, one emphasizing cognitive and the other affective means of achieving the same goal. The cognitive‐based model had a slightly stronger impact, especially on the Israeli participants. Nonetheless, both fall somewhat short of their potential in impact and satisfaction. We believe that the types of activities within the Mifgashim programs are not the source of the encounter's shortfalls. Rather, the difficulties include the brief time allotted, language barriers, and group functioning, in particular adolescent group dynamics. Perhaps the most fundamental problem is a widespread perception that the Mifgashim are conducted primarily for the benefit of the Diaspora youth. The objectification of the Israeli participants by program planners can be seen as reflecting attitudes in the larger field of Israel‐American relations.     

Identity Narratives: Stories from the Lives of Urban Adolescent Females

In this article, I present narratives told to me by female students of color who attended high school in an urban setting. Collected as part of an interpretive study in which I interviewed students during their senior year of high school and the first two years after graduation, these narratives focus on two themes: identity as oppositional and as contingent or shifting. I use these narratives to describe how youth simultaneously participated in and resisted school. I show that youth's shifting sets of identities shaped their participation in school, their definitions of success and the visions they held for the future. This article suggests that schools provide safe spaces for adults and young women to form mentoring relationships, that we reorganize schools so that school personnel have contact with fewer students, and finally, that we be careful not to write off students once they have children or because of poor academic records. The narratives belie simple explanations of success or failure for females of color living in poverty. Rather, they suggest the importance of listening to youth as we reformulate education policy and practice.     

Do, Show, and Tell: Children's Event Memories Acquired through Direct Experience, Observation, and Stories

To investigate how source of event information influences children's event representations, 5- and 6-year-old children were exposed to a novel event through direct experience, observation, or a story. 2 of the 4 scenes comprising the event contained actions that were logically organized, and the remaining 2 scenes contained actions that were arbitrary in their organization. Children received either 1 or 3 exposures to the event. For children receiving multiple exposures, 2 scenes contained actions that varied across exposures. A few days following their last exposure, children were asked to verbally recall and reenact the event. Reports were generally more complete, organized, and accurate when the event was directly experienced compared to when it was observed or heard about through a story. However, the impact of information source interacted with interview (recall, reenactment) and number of event exposures. Furthermore, children's sensitivity to event structure was dependent on information source and exposure. These results highlight the importance of information source in the formation of children's event representations.     

Narratives of Learning from Co-editing,Writing and Presenting Stories of Experience in Self-Study

In this self-study, we look at the contribution made towards our professional learning through an aspect of teacher education work that is not commonly featured in the research literature: exploring the implications of our work as co-editors of an international collection about teacher educators’ journeys of professional becoming. Through this self-study, we argue that this type of work is valuable to individuals and institutions in relation to its impact on the professional learning and career development of teacher educators. Adopting a narrative approach, we examined our experiences of co-editing the book and the associated activities such as conference presentations, to understand how this influenced our professional learning and identity as teacher educators. Findings include having a stronger sense of the evolution of our professional selves over time and greater insight and awareness of our strengths and uncertainties. A clearer perspective on our own career development and professional becoming was evident, and many parallels could be drawn between our experiences of professional becoming and those of the chapter authors in the edited book. We conclude that while activities such as book editing do not usually count in institutional metrics as outputs, they are nonetheless a significant opportunity for professional learning and make a contribution to knowledge and to teacher education practice, and should be recognised as such by institutions and colleagues.     

L.A. Stories: Aggression in Preschoolers' Spontaneous Narratives after the Riots of 1992

64 inner-city preschoolers' spontaneous story narratives that were examined directly after the Los Angeles riots of 1992 were compared with narratives told by a matched comparison group of 128 children living in other U.S. cities who had no direct exposure to the riots. Narratives were coded for length, complexity, overall thematic content, character behavior in the stories, number of aggressive words, and story outcome. Children were given language and pre-academic skill assessments, their classroom behavior was observed, and teachers rated children's social competence. Results indicated that there were significant group differences in the story narratives. Children who were directly exposed to the riots told more narratives with aggressive thematic content, aggressive words, unfriendly figures who engaged in physical aggression, and mastery of situations with aggression than did the comparison group of children who had no direct exposure to the riots. The findings suggest that children's narratives reflected their exposure to the violence and their expression of that experience.     

全球化语境下文化的挑战与文化的自信

在经济全球化发展语境中，化正处于普遍交往的状态。而化的普遍交往，将使民族化特别是发展中国家的民族化受到严峻挑战。经济全球化既使化受到挑战，也将使其获得发展创新的环境。中国民族化在发展过程中，也正在受到挑战。面对挑战，我们要对中国化有正确的认识和评价，并要具有创新精神，大力发展化产业，这样才能获得化的自信。     

本事诗、诗话与话本小说文本编创的关系

在总结话本小说、通俗小说编创方式研究的基础上,探讨本事诗、诗话与话本小说文本编写的关系。主要是通过将本事诗、诗话与早期话本小说之间的“诗”与“事”的内在结构、内在要素进行对照,说明早期话本小说文本是在改造、加工、运用本事诗与诗话中的某些文体要素而成熟起来的。最后探讨了出现这种联系的原因及其条件。     

Changing Minds With the Story of Adaptation: Strategies for Teaching Young Children About Natural Selection

Research Findings: Educational guidelines recommend a delayed, piecemeal approach to instruction on adaptation by natural selection. This approach is questionable given suggestions that older students’ pervasive misunderstandings about adaptation are rooted in cognitive biases that develop early. In response to this, Kelemen et al. (2014) recently showed that young children can learn a basic yet comprehensive explanation of adaptation by natural selection from a picture storybook intervention. However, this research was conducted in a laboratory-based setting with children from middle and higher socioeconomic backgrounds. To further explore the intervention’s efficacy, this investigation examined whether Kelemen et al.’s (2014, Experiment 2) findings extend to a more diverse sample of children tested in a more naturalistic setting, namely, after-school programs. After a 10-min picture storybook reading that described adaptation within a fictitious but realistic mammal species, 5- to 6- and 7- to 8-year-old children’s learning of adaptation was examined. Results revealed that younger and older children benefitted from the intervention; however, older children displayed pronounced learning and generalization. Practice or Policy: Findings confirm that children are capable of learning complex biological ideas and that comprehensive storybook interventions are simple but powerful teaching tools. Implications for instruction on natural selection are discussed.     

人工智能与教育深度融合的创新、挑战及路向 ——如何讲好智能时代的教育故事

正如人类历史的其它伟大工具一样,人工智能正将教育置于新的时代篇章之中.本研究旨在通过历史分析、文化诠释和理性批判,呈现更具创造性、挑战性和引领性的教育故事;以《教育信息化2.0行动计划》为纲领,结合人工智能的本质、效用和优势,将两者深度融合的创新概述为用人工智能推动教育观念更新、模式变革和体系重构;以技术文化、经济社会和历史演进为观照,揭示两者深度融合在意识形态、供需结构、发展前景方面面临的挑战;立足于从垄断到解蔽、从失衡到匹配、从未知到求知的问题解决路向,建议塑造指向教育需求的人工智能"人设"、推进指向人工智能的教育供给侧变革、明确指向教育人工智能的概念模型.     

中国古代短篇小说:人物、时间、空间修辞设计的异质性——以情爱叙事为分析案例

中国唐代以后的短篇小说呈现出与传统叙述相异的面貌。具体表现为:以年轻女性从边缘到中心地位转换为特征的人物修辞设置、以偶然巧遇的特殊机缘为特征的时间修辞设置、以闺房对外秘密通道为特征的空间修辞设置,使叙事因子及叙事流程突破以往叙述模式、认知模式和一般预设,获得异质性,激起大众的接受兴趣。     

无名氏爱情小说传播与接受的文化语境

无名氏爱情小说的广泛传播是现当代中国文坛引人注目的文化景观,而这种景观的出现与中国特定的文化语境密切相关:首先是中国数千年以来就绵延着的传奇鬼怪的文化传统;其次是中国精致、含蓄、哀伤的情感文化传统;复次无名氏的爱情小说也是现代华人的心理需求,即永远抹不掉的农耕文化心理结构和故事型审美心理表现.     

对高等教育体制创新的几点思考

知识经济时代对高等教育人才培养、科学研究、管理体制等方面提出了新的要求。高等教育要想适应经济并且推动经济和整个社会的发展，从而实现自身的可持续发展，必须走创新之路。本着眼于知识经济时代的特征，对高等教育体制创新进行了理论的探讨，引发出高等教育体制创新的几点启示。     

Actual Minds of Two Halves: Measurement,Metaphor and the Message

Abstract

This article takes ‘measurement’ as a will to determine or fix space and time, which allows for a comparison of ontological models of space and time from Western and Māori traditions. The spirit of ‘measurement’ is concomitantly one of fixing meaning, which is suggested as the essence of the growth of the scientific genre of language that has taken place alongside the growth of science itself, since the European Enlightenment. ‘Measurement’ and ‘metaphor’ are posited as an original binary for classifying thinking and language, updating classical educational models of thought by drawing on recent results in brain and cognitive science, and recognising that basic cognitive resources, such as logic and rationality, power all forms of thinking. The article suggests that the notion of ‘cultural worldview’ may involve different balances of left and right brain thinking, embedded in the discourses, lexicons and grammars of each language, and that Western domination of left brain thinking (through the influence of science on the European languages, particularly English) may be a useful viewpoint on the philosophical dead end of the West.     

当前文化自觉面临的挑战及对策

文化生成的实质是自然的"人化",文化生成内在地要求文化自觉。当前中国社会文化的自觉既面临着传统文化糟粕因素的挑战,又面临着西方文化虚无主义的挑战。应对这些挑战,一方面要坚持文化自信,推动中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化、创新性发展;另一方面要发挥意识形态的引领作用,实施文化惠民工程,防止文化虚无主义的影响。     

Gender, Psychosocial Dispositions, and the Academic Achievement of College Students

Researchers have recently claimed that there are substantial differences in the psychosocial dispositions and academic achievement of male and female college students. To test this proposition, a sample of 854 undergraduate students were selected from a major Canadian Research-1 university. Multiple regression analyses assessed the effects of gender and several other independent variables on coping strategies, academic control, self-esteem, and grade point averages. Few differences emerged between the genders on the psychosocial dispositions or on academic achievement. The results suggest that both male and female students can improve their coping strategies and academic control, which together directly affect their academic achievement.     

Changing Resource and Organizational Patterns: The Challenge of Resourcing Education in the 21st Century

This paper looks at the changing patterns ofresourcing (financing) education in thetwenty-first century. It identifies five trendsthat are altering the resourcing and provisionof education through their impact on theorganization of education systems. As aconsequence of these trends, it puts forwardthe view that the role of government ischanging from direct provider of education toone of regulator of the education industry.     

屈原作品爱情内容的文化背景和文化内涵

屈原作品中包含大量的爱情内容,它们向来多被视为芳草美人的比兴寄托手法,这在一定程度上影响了对屈原作品的准确解读。从某种意义上讲,这些爱情描写就是爱情本身,它们与深厚的楚文化背景有着密切的关系。具体说来,楚风的开放性是《九歌》产生的社会基础,而楚风的女性化影响了《离骚》中的爱情模式。屈原的伟大在于,他完成了恋爱关系的转换与升华,使爱情成为政治文化的一个特殊符号。