Academic Achievement Performance of University Students with Disability: Exploring the Influence of Non-academic Factors

This study examined whether: (1) the non-academic constructs of psychological well-being, motivation to learn and quality of life (QOL) explained the variance in the academic achievement of students with disability; and (2) students with a mental health disability (MHD) differed from students with other disability on academic achievement and on the aforementioned non-academic constructs. Eighty-three students with disability were administered the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire, the World Health Organisation QOL questionnaire, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Grade-point average was used as the measure of academic achievement. The results showed that measures of social relationships and self-efficacy were significant explanatory variables that could clarify the variance in academic achievement. Secondly, students with MHD differed from students with other disabilities on measures of psychological health, physical health, and social relationships. The findings have consequences for learning services provided to students with disability. It highlights the importance of examining the influence of disability type on student’s cognitive and behavioural dimensions such as their motivation to learn, engagement, persistence and academic attainment.     

The Impact of Gender,Accommodations, and Disability on the Academic Performance of Canadian University Students with LD and/or ADHD

Academic accommodations for students experiencing disabilities are increasingly available at postsecondary institutions. More studies of the efficacy of accommodations for student success are warranted, however. Given the increased gender gap in university participation, more focus on the unique impact of gender is also needed. Using a sample of students registered with Access and Inclusion Services with learning disabilities (LD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and combined LD/ADHD at a Canadian undergraduate university (N = 661), we explored the impact of gender on academic performance and accommodation usage. Next, we examined how gender intersected with the impact of academic accommodations on academic performance. Women, on average, demonstrated better academic performance. Academic strategies and assistive technologies were not associated with higher academic performance. However, testing accommodations (extended time and environmental accommodations) were positively associated with academic performance for men with LD or ADHD, but not for the combined group LD/ADHD. For the former two, the more tests accommodated, the higher the academic performance. Furthermore, this gender association was most prominent for students experiencing ADHD. Interpretations and policy recommendations related to these findings are presented.     

The Role of Grit in Determining Engagement and Academic Outcomes for University Students

The concept of grit as described by Duckworth (Journal of personality and social psychology 92:1087, 2007) has captured the attention of educators and researchers alike. A measure of a student’s ability to effortfully persist in the face of struggle, grit is proposed to be an important characteristic required for students to succeed academically (Duckworth in Journal of personality and social psychology 92:1087, 2007). Some evidence suggests that grit has a positive relationship with a range of academic outcomes, and yet others argue that grit offers little in terms of predictive value for understanding academic outcomes. In addition, there is conflicting evidence about the presence of gender differences in grit, and very little research around the role of being the first member of the family to attend university in the development of grit. In order to address conflicting findings about the importance and correlates of grit, and to explore the role of engagement in the relationship between grit and academic outcomes, a cross sectional survey study was conducted. The current research measured grit, engagement and academic productivity among 395 Australian university students. Findings suggest that there is no difference in grit between genders, although this cannot be concluded with certainty due to a large imbalance of male to female participants. It also appeared that being the first in family to attend university was associated with an increased level of the grit factor ‘effort’. There was a positive relationship between grit, engagement and academic productivity. Further analysis revealed that engagement mediated the relationship between grit and productivity, suggesting that a person with higher grit is more likely to have higher engagement, and that engagement leads to greater academic productivity. These findings highlight the relevance of grit as a desirable student characteristic, and the importance of engagement in the grit-productivity relationship.     

Beyond Graduation: Socio-economic Background and Post-university Outcomes of Australian Graduates

Research in Higher Education - Research consistently shows that higher-education participation has positive impacts on individual outcomes. However, few studies explicitly consider differences in...     

大学生学业拖延及其干预

大学生学业拖延现象是高校教育者普遍关注的问题。学业拖延是指个体经常或几乎经常延迟学习任务,并且经常或者几乎经常经历与拖延有关的问题性焦虑的倾向。其影响因素不仅有个体内部的认知、情绪、人格,还涉及学习任务、环境等外部因素。拖延干预主要有国外针对大学生拖延行为进行团体治疗和个体治疗模式。     

Academic Outcomes Among a Sample of Learning Support Community College Students

This research examined the relationship between placement in a learning support college program and subsequent academic outcomes. The sample consisted of 275 entering freshmen students who were enrolled in the Learning Support reading courses in the fall of 2005. Data were collected from the Gordon College Office of Institutional Research. The data showed that of the 275 students who enrolled in a Learning Support reading course in the fall 2005 semester, 189 returned for the spring 2006 semester. Data also showed that 58% of the 275 students enrolled in Learning Support reading during fall 2005 successfully completed a basic reading intensive course upon completion of their remedial reading class. One hundred eighty seven students who had previously completed Learning Support reading enrolled (spring 2006 or later) in Introductory English 101 and 121 passed. Fifty-five students who had completed Learning Support reading enrolled (spring 2006 or later) in History 1121, Western Civilization, and 20 students passed. Six of the 205 students who completed Learning Support reading graduated Gordon College within a three-year period. The results of the present study indicate that the Learning Support Reading Program in place at Gordon College has proven to be a beneficial tool for at-risk college students. It is assumed that programs such as the Learning Support Program described here may help students build a foundation that will aid them throughout their college career.     

Academic Achievement of First-Generation Students in a Canadian University

Previous research has shown that first-generation students confront greater problems than traditional students. In order to determine if this disadvantage extends to first-year grade-point averages (GPAs) in a commuter university in which the majority are first-generation students, 1,849 students at York University in Toronto were surveyed at the end of the first year and survey results were merged with information on grades from administrative records. The results of stepwise regression and classification and regression tree analyses show that traditional students enjoy a slight advantage in terms of GPA, and that while traditional students have higher levels of involvement than first-generation students, for both student groups involvement in various university activities contributes to GPA.     

大学教师的学术工作：类型、特征及影响因素分析

本研究应用对三所高校500名教师的调查数据,探讨了大学教师学术工作的类型、特征及其满意度。研究发现：(1)大学教师主要围绕教 学与研究活动展开学术工作,从事这两类活动的时间占其工作时间的比例约为80%,而从事服务、行政活动的时间所占的比例不足20%。以教学 为主、以科研为主和以行政服务为主三类教师所占的比例分别为59.0%、25.6%和15.4%。(2)随着大学教师资历的提高,其学术活动逐渐转向以 研究为主。(3)大学教师在学术政策和学术性决策中影响力非常有限,学术权力行使不充分。根据上述研究结果,本研究提出如下政策建议： (1)转变大学教师的学术观,使大学教师从更广泛的意义上理解学术的概念及其内涵。(2)鼓励资历深的大学教师更多地从事教学活动,防止大 学教师随着资历的提高而脱离教学第一线。(3)扩大大学教师的学术权力,更好地平衡学术权力与行政权力的关系。     

普通高校学困生学业现状与致困因素分析——基于对西北某高校2009~2012级学生的调查

近年来随着普通高校招生规模的扩张,学业困难学生(简称"学困生")数量渐趋增加,不仅给大学生健康成长与自我发展带来障碍,也给教学与管理工作带来了极大不便和压力,更影响到了高校教育整体教学质量的提升.为全面了解学困生现状,采用访谈与问卷调查相结合的方法,对西北某高校2009~2012级学困生群体进行了调查,在全面考察学困生现状的基础上,重点从学生自身、家庭、社会、学校教学与管理等方面对学困生学业致困因素进行了深入分析,并提出一些有针对性的建议.     

大学生学习动机现状调查

以滨州学院的489名大学生为研究对象,以大学生学习动机问卷为调查工具,分析大学生的学习动机总体水平及不同群体大学生学习动机水平的差异。结果表明,大学生学习动机处于中等水平;大学生的学习动机存在一定的性别差异、年级差异和专业差异。     

针对大学生思想特点构建哲学教学新模式

当代大学生既关心祖国命运和世界风云。又注重自我发展;既有一定的责任感和公民意识,又有高度的政治热情,努力抓住一切机会．发展自己。理智、爱国、务实、进取、向上,这是当代大学生思想的主旋律。针对大学生这样的思想特点,利用马克思主义哲学原理课的教学。有的放矢地做好大学生的思想政治工作,是从事专业课教学的教师义不容辞的责任和义务。     

Demographic,Academic and Psychological Profile of Students Attending Counseling Services at the University of Granada (Spain)

The Spanish educational system, in general, and particularly at the university level, is characterized by the lack of systematic and quantitative evaluative research. This lack of data based research is particularly problematic due to the significant reforms that are currently taking place. Decisions are being made at political, administrative, and educational levels that are not substantiated by meaningful research. To address these concerns, this study focuses upon providing empirical data from students who attend the University of Granada and who have sought services from Counseling Services. This paper provides data concerning the demographic, academic and psychological characteristics that impact students adaptation to the Universitys academic and personal challenges.Ph.D. student at the University of Granada in the Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology.Received her degree in Psychology from the University of Asucion (Paraguay). She is currently a Ph.D. student at the University of Granada and has received a grant to work in Counseling Services.Ph.D. student at the University of Granada in the Educational Intervention in Educational and Developmental Contexts program, offered through the Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology.     

论学术资本主义对高校学生的影响

在学术资本主义理论中,高校学生被看作是运用国家资源来进行创造知识新循环的一个不可或缺的因素。学术资本主义对高校学生的影响,不仅表现在学生入学规模、学生成为核心顾客、新型的师生合作关系等领域,还表现在高校学生创业以及留学机会增大等方面。究其原因,学术资本主义对高校学生的影响离不开政策的改变、市场的需求、院校的课程调整和学生及家长的要求。     

大学学术管理组织的概念、特性和职能

大学学术管理组织是大学组织管理体系的重要组成部分,为克服目前我国大学政治权力、行政权力过于强大而学术权力过于弱小的状况．需要采取措施充分调动学术性组织参与学校管理的积极性,最大限度地发挥学术性组织在大学中的主体作用。对大学学术管理组织的概念、特性、职能等基本理论问题进行深入研究,可以加深对它的本质的认识,并为目前我国大学急需进行的组织管理变革、治理结构优化等方面的工作提供重要的理论依据。     

Platform Construction for Extra-curricular Learning and Personal Academic Development of Physics Students at University

With the progressing development of economic globalization and increasingly fierce international competition, we need groups of high-quality innovative talents to enhance the overall scientific and technological innovation capacity and competitiveness while also improving the visibility of students on the international stage. Accordingly, the cultivated talents should develop a more open vision, more novel awareness, and a more proactive learning attitude. They will be more sensitive to new things, have stronger practical capacities, and have the courage to break through routines to conduct their work more innovatively. Therefore, we have established a talent cultivation philosophy of ＂profound foundation, wide range, internationalization, and value innovation＂ in the physics education and have explored the extra-curricular learning and development pattern of physics students in order to promote a well-rounded development.     

Increasing Academic Performance of Deaf Students at Alpha University: A Case Study

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for OPWL529‐Needs Assessment in the Boise State University master of science degree in Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning, a team of the first four authors completed a needs assessment focusing on learning accomplishments of hearing impaired students at Alpha University. This case study report describes the needs assessment process and results.     

大学生学业拖延现状及原因研究

采用Solomon＆Rothblum的学业拖延量表（PASS）调查目前大学生学业拖延的情况,以及影响大学生学业拖延的主要原因。结果发现目前大学生总体上拖延程度不高,但仍有部分同学报告有较高频率的学业拖延行为;通过因子分析,“害怕失败”、“反抗”、“厌恶任务”、“依赖”、“缺乏自信”、“时间管理”和“害怕成功”是大学生学业拖延的主要原因。     

大学师生学术共同体新构摭论

师生学术共同体是大学中的重要组织。大学自诞生之日起就是以学术共同体的形式而存在。20世纪中后期以来,由于受专业化发展、不健全竞争机制、功利性学习目标以及师生关系淡化等因素的影响,师生学术共同体日渐衰落,而大学的和谐发展又内在地要求师生学术共同体进行新构。新构师生学术共同体的策略主要有:教师与学生进行对话;守护学术自由;进行跨学科教学活动;完善教师与学生评价机制。