我们的江南

我们的江南很美,是杏花、桃花、桂花、芍药、牡丹、丁香、栀子、映山红、油菜花、茉莉花编织的花篮;是小桥、流水、青山、稻田、茶园、丽都、清泉、高楼、峰峦打造的景点。我们的江南很靓,是西施那件透明的浣纱,是     

《红楼梦》对外番羽译及研究特点

红学的研究在国内外进行得轰轰烈烈。国外的红学研究主要是依据《红楼梦》的外译本。《红楼梦》先后被译成法语、英语、德语、意大利语、俄语、捷克语、匈牙利语、波兰语、罗马尼亚语、荷兰语、西班牙语、日语、朝语、越语、蒙古语、泰国语等,涉及的国家包括法国、英国、澳大利亚、新西兰、加拿大、美国、意大利、德国、俄国、捷克、匈牙利、波兰、西班牙、日本、朝鲜、韩国、越南、蒙古、泰国、新加坡等。《红楼梦》的对外翻译及研究主要有以下特点：     

平利方言的情态语气词

本文介绍了陕西平利方言的情态语气词,包括:唦、喔、啦、赦、噢、的、得、啵、的了、的耶、的啰、了啰、去了等,并描写它们的语气表达状态.     

龙凤文化：为世界开太平

一、容合：宇宙的胸怀 ＂容合＂是笔者创造的一个词,与＂融合＂有区别,是＂兼容、包容、宽容、容纳、集合、综合、化合、合作＂的概称。龙凤的形象是＂容合＂的。龙是中国人对蛇、鳄、鱼、鲵、猪、马、牛、鹿等动物和云、雷电、虹、龙卷风、星宿等自然天象的多元容合;     

新生代作家群的创作前景分析

在上个世纪八十年代末至九十年代初,中国当代文坛上迅速崛起了一个非常独特的写作群体——新生代作家群。他们的代表性人物有六十年代出生的余华、苏童、格非、北村、海男、毕飞宇、艾伟、东西、李洱、陈染、刁斗、红柯、李冯、朱文、韩东、邱华栋、潘向黎、鲁羊、徐坤、王彪、刘继明、曾维浩、夏季风、吴晨骏、叶弥、夏商、张生、张者、李大卫、刘建东、海力洪、罗望子等等,同时也包括极少数五十年代末出生的作家如林白、鬼子、张曼等。     

修辞方式在诗文中的妙用

修辞方式就是为了提高语言表达效果而采用的具有明显特点的表达方式。它通常包括比喻、借代、比拟、夸张、双关、反语、对偶、对比、衬托、排比、反复、反问、设问、引用、拈连、仿词、移觉、互文、顶针、同文、回环、呼告等。每一种修辞方式都有其突出特点及特殊的作用。现就教材中的例子谈谈部分修辞的妙用。     

农村初中应用文写作教学漫谈

在初中阶段,学生应掌握的日常应用文写作包括条据（借条、收条、便条、留言条、请假条）、申请书、启事、通知、日常书信、介绍信、表扬信、建议书、倡议书、计划、简单的会议记录、简单的总结、简单的调查报告、说明书、简单的合同、简单的民事诉状等。在新教材里,也体现了应用文在写作中的重要地位,教材中出现多类应用文写作的话题,如通讯报道、计划总结、书信、合同、民事诉状、调查报告、发言稿等。     

什么样的外语类专业“不愁嫁”

目前,在辽宁招生的外语类专业有英语、商务英语、日语、俄语、朝鲜语、法语、西班牙语、德语、阿拉伯语、意大利语、葡萄牙语、越南语、芬兰语、罗马尼亚语、泰语、保加利亚语、波斯语、土耳其语等18个。除英语、商务英语外,均为小语种。英语是外语类专业招生大户。如今,适合英语专业毕业生的职位（如翻译、文秘、外贸等）竞争愈发激烈,该专业毕业生正面临人才饱和、就业渠道狭窄的窘境。人才市场翻译职位的空缺中,只有很小一部分针对英语专业毕业生,绝大部分翻译职位招的是葡萄牙语、西班牙语、日语、朝鲜语等专业的毕业生。     

后现代观下的高校师生关系重建——兼论社会教师成长的师生环境营造

日趋功利化的高校在师生关系存在着诸如教师公正性缺失、师德滑坡,重教书轻育人、师生感情淡漠,重科研轻教学、教学流于形式,学费逐年攀升、服务无改善等问题.观照后现代主义的反唯理性、反基础观、反中心思想,以及重视差异性、多元性、宽容性、随机性的理念,高校应当建成合作、对话、民主、平等的高校师生关系,促成师生间相互尊重的、情感约定的关系.     

生物学发展史简述

<正>生物学是从分子、细胞、机体乃至生态系统等不同层次研究生命现象的本质、生物的起源进化、遗传变异、生长发育等生命活动规律的科学。其包含的范畴相当广泛,包括形态学、微生物学、生态学、遗传学、分子生物学、免疫学、植物学、动物     

Using an Approximate Chi-Square Statistic to Test the Number of Dimensions Underlying the Responses to a Set of Items

An approximate χ² statistic based on McDonald's (1967) nonlinear factor analytic representation of item response theory was proposed and investigated with simulated data. The results were compared with Stout's T statistic (Nandakumar & Stout, 1993; Stout, 1987). Unidimensional and two-dimensional item response data were simulated under varying levels of sample size, test length, test reliability, and dimension dominance. The approximate χ² statistic had good control over Type I errors when unidimensional data were generated and displayed very good power in identifying the two-dimensional data. The performance of the approximate χ² was at least as good as Stout's T statistic in all conditions and was better than Stout's T statistic with smaller sample sizes and shorter tests. Further implications regarding the potential use of nonlinear factor analysis and the approximate χ² in addressing current measurement issues are discussed.     

How training on exact or approximate mental representations of number can enhance first-grade students’ basic number processing and arithmetic skills

Theories of psychology and mathematics education recommend two instructional approaches to develop students’ mental representations of number: The “exact” approach focuses on the development of exact representations of organized dot patterns; the “approximate” approach focuses on the approximate representation of analogue magnitudes. This study provides for the first time empirical evidence for the specific effects of these approaches by implementing them in a highly controlled learning environment. 147 first-graders were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups that used an “exact”, an “approximate”, or both versions of the same computer game, or to a control group. Performance on tasks requiring exact or approximate number processing as well as achievement in arithmetic were measured before and after the intervention. Results show that performance improved on tasks related to the exact or approximate number aspect trained, but there was no crossover effect. Achievement in arithmetic increased for the experimental groups and tended to be higher after only exact or only approximate training. Implications for teaching and learning in the classroom are discussed.     

S-粗集的程度近似算子及其特性

将双向S-粗集上的近似算子推广为程度近似算子,定义了新的近似算子和近似集合,给出了近似算子和近似集合的性质定理,扩大了S-粗集理论的应用范围.     

论概数义表达上的重复与矛盾

通过历史语料考察概数义重复表达和矛盾表达的语言事实,概数义的重复表达不是语病,它只是为了满足表意的需要而没有遵守语言经济性原则;概数义的矛盾表达形式也客观存在,可利用语法结构层次和语义指向来化解"矛盾"。其实,重复表达和矛盾表达方式在语言中应该具有一定地位和存在价值。本文根据语法位置对概数词的词性进行了讨论,前置概数词为表示测度语气的副词,后置概数词为表数的助词,概数词"数"、"几"为数词。     

On the approximate zero of Newton method

A judgment criterion to guarantee a point to be a Chen's approximate zero of Newton method for solving nonlinear equation is sought by dominating sequence techniques. The criterion is based on the fact that the dominating function may have only one simple positive zero; assuming that the operator is weak Lipschitz continuous, which is much more relaxed and can be checked much more easily than Lipschitz continuous in practice. It is demonstrated that a Chen's approximate zero may not be a Smale's approximate zero. The error estimate obtained indicated the convergent order when we use |f(x)|<ε to stop computation in software. The result can also be applied for solving partial derivative and integration equations. Project supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research (973) Program(No. 19990328) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 10271112), and Y. C. Tang Disciplinary Development Fund of Zhejiang University, China     

四阶微分方程广义特征值的算法

考虑计算四阶微分方程广义特征值的近似值的算法，运用泛函证明了主要结果：利用三个引理，采用Galerkin方法来构造适当的基函数，并利用Cauchv不等式给出了其特征值计算的误差估计式；最后得到其问题的算法，而且可以用第n次近似值来估计第n-1次的近似值的精确度。并给出了应用实例。     

The development of place value concepts: Approximation before principles

Place value concepts were measured longitudinally from kindergarten (2017) to first grade (2018) in a diverse sample (n = 279; M_age = 5.76 years, SD = 0.55; 135 females; 41% Black, 38% White, 8% Asian, 12% Latino). Children completed three syntactic tasks that required an explicit understanding of base-10 symbols and three approximate tasks that could be completed without this explicit understanding. Approximate performance was significantly better in both age groups. A factor analysis confirmed that syntactic and approximate tasks tapped separate latent variables in kindergarten, but not in first grade. Path analyses indicated that only kindergarten approximate performance predicted overall first-grade place value understanding. These findings suggest that explicit understanding of base-10 principles develops from implicit, partial knowledge of multidigit numbers.     

一类微分算子特征值的算法

采用Galerkin方法来构造适当的基函数,计算一类微分算子特征值的近似值,且可用第n次近似值来估计第n-1次近似值的精确度.随着n的增大,特征值λk的精确度逐步提高,只要适当选取n,就可以求得所需精确度的特征值的近似值,此算法具有一定的实用价值和理论价值.     

Introducing perception and modelling of spatial randomness in classroom

A strategy to facilitate understanding of spatial randomness is described, using student activities developed in sequence: looking at spatial patterns, simulating approximate spatial randomness using a grid of equally‐likely squares, using binomial probabilities for approximations and predictions and then comparing with given Poisson probabilities. Key questions are discussed with students on concepts needed to understand the approximate models and to generate predictions based on the approximations. The sequence is structured to be interactive to encourage student's interest and curiosity.