远程教育学习支持服务系统模型的构建

通过对江门电大构建的现代远程开放教育学习支持服务系统实践的分析,尝试总结出一些具有参考价值的学习支持服务系统模型。希望能得到新的启发,努力实现以学生为中心,为学生的学习提供全方位、优质高效的服务,深化教学改革,促进师生互动,体现人文关怀,构建和谐发展的现代远程教育。     

关心教育理论视角下远程教育教师教学能力研究

远程教育的教师应适应远程教学的要求,以关心教育理论为指导,增强新知识的汲取能力,信息收集与整合能力、计算机操作能力以及勤于对话、乐于沟通的亲和力。     

论现代远程教育中的个别化学习

作为现代远程教育主要学习方式的个别化学习具有独特的内涵与外延;其主要特征表现为自主性、独立性、探究性、策略性、高效性以及与学习资源及数字化智能技术的交互性;其主要阶段为制订学习计划、获取学习资源、参与合作讨论、提交学习成果和评价学习效果。     

基于绩效观念的远程学习支持服务系统的设计

本文以绩效观念为基础,就面向在职成人学习者的远程学习支持服务系统设计中的一些问题进行了探讨,提出要从系统的角度多层次地、整体地理解远程教学系统的绩效;要从整体的、过程的角度,将绩效管理应用于远程学习支持服务系统的设计中;要将绩效管理过程模式和绩效技术过程模式整合,并渗透到远程学习支持服务系统的设计中;要充分重视通过交互和协商来确定在职成人学习者的学习绩效目标;要重视将动机原理等整合到远程学习支持服务系统的设计中;等等.     

现代远程教育5S学习支持模式研究

现代远程教育是一种新型教育模式,能够有效突破空间和时间限制,本文将对5S学习支持模式进行分析和研究,并提出现代远程教育5S学习支持模式应用有效对策。     

Teachers' views on and use of printed materials in a distance learning teacher education course

Despite the heavy emphasis on online learning in recent years, print is still an important medium for course delivery in distance education. Distance educators have argued that, with the incorporation of appropriate access structures, distance learning materials can be self‐instructional and interactive. This study aims to explore the extent to which students on a distance teacher education course considered that the print materials had achieved the course objectives, and how they made use of the in‐text access structures. The results indicate that, although teachers on the course agreed that the materials were able to achieve the course objectives, the extent to which they made use of the access devices varied considerably.     

Direct and indirect effects of online learning on distance education

This paper presents an exploratory study that investigates the effects of online learning on distance education students in an open university context. Two hypotheses are posited: (1) a direct relationship exists between students’ involvement in online learning and distance learning outcomes, and (2) an indirect relationship exists between these two domains via the mediating variable of an institutional Transactional Presence (TP), that is, a student's sense of the availability of and connectedness with an educational institution. Student learning achievement, satisfaction and intent‐to‐persist are used as indicators of outcomes of distance learning. The analysis of data garnered from 285 distance students reveals multifaceted relationships between students’ engagement in online learning, their perceptions of institutional TP and the three learning outcome variables. Besides the findings, the paper will discuss factors affecting students’ engagement in online learning in relation to different requirements, that is, optional or compulsory online use as well as the level of the course (undergraduate or postgraduate).     

Problem-based learning in distance education: Practitioners' beliefs about an action learning project

Despite the advantages of problem based learning (PBL) and the fact that it has been utilised for some time in conventional higher education settings, it is not widely used in distance education in Hong Kong. Recently, a small group of course co‐ordinators at the Open University of Hong Kong engaged in a series of action learning projects to explore ways in which it could be incorporated into their courses. The purpose of this paper is to report the opinions of these academics about the suitability of PBL for a distance education environment. Generally, they concluded that it is possible, and perhaps desirable, to consider implementing PBL as one learning approach. However, most of the projects focussed on a fairly narrow application of PBL, namely in face‐to‐face tutorials. The limitations of the participants’ interpretations are discussed in the light of the constraints they face, and some recommendations are made for other ways of implementing PBL into distance education.     

从开放教育学习支持服务体系论图书馆建设

本文阐述了在远程开放教育学习支持服务体系中，电大图书馆要强化文献资源基础工作；提高服务水平。加强远程服务、特色馆藏资源楚设和多媒体文献资源的展示工作；整合、利用各种媒体资源，做好学习支持服务。并就电大图书馆缺乏对远程教育需求的认识，对基层电大文献资源情况和其他省市电大图书馆工作模式缺乏了解等问题，提出相应的对策。     

Reflective learning in distance education

This article addresses one of three major challenges which it is argued, currently face distance education, namely its claimed over-reliance on behaviourist approaches to teaching and learning. In particular, the derivation of principles of course design which can be applied irrespective of difference of context, content and learners, has not proved to be a realistic and effective way forward. Fortunately, the practice of distance education has not been limited to applied behaviourism only, and has included approaches which draw upon social constructivist and cognitive approaches to learning. These have worked well in combination with regular feedback to students in programmes at undergraduate level at the UK Open University (UKOU). Other conceptualisations of learning have also begun to make an impact, notably the experiential and the relational. The former emphasises reflection on direct experience and the transformation of existing knowledge. The latter reveals the shaping influence of students conceptions in these areas. Distance education already has many examples of activities and projects which require students to process existing and new experience in relation to course concepts and goals. A number of courses at the UKOU are also encouraging students to review their own learning approaches and to be proactive about their study methods. A case study of two courses is introduced, as an example of teaching approaches which foster reflection on experience, integrated with conceptual learning, and reflection by the learner on their own learning process in parallel with the study of course content. Evidence is provided from evaluation of the extent to which these learning process oriented course materials, have affected the learned outcomes students identify for themeselves. The integration of a reflective component into assessment of the course has been especially effective. Students report changes most frequently at the level of general awareness of purpose of study and learning transfer, rather than in the area of detailed study skills.     

Equivalency theory and distance education

Summary The changing and diverse environment in which distance education is practiced has inhibited the development of a single theory upon which to base practice and research. A variety of theories have been proposed to describe classical distance education. They include theories that emphasize independence and autonomy of the learner, industrialization of teaching, and interaction and communication. These traditional theories emphasize that distance education is a fundamentally different form of education.     

从活动理论看远程教育中小组学习活动的设计

兴起于20世纪20年代的活动理论是理解情境脉络中活动的有用框架,分析活动理论对远程教育小组学习活动的设计具有很强的指导作用.本文在对远程教育中小组学习活动的涵义、特点和优势分析的基础上,提出在活动理论指导下,远程教育小组学习活动的设计方法,以期促进远程小组学习效果的提高.     

远程教育的均等理论——来自美国的远程教育理论

本文分析了远程教育均等理论产生的背景和主要思想,并对构成均等理论的关键要素进行了详细的介绍。均等理论在界定了均等、学习经验、有效应用、学生和学习成果等五个关键要素的基础上,提出了远程学习者在学习中获得的学习经验与常规学习学生在学习中获得的经验越相等,则他们所取得的学习成果也越接近。这一理论对于我国现正进行的基于现代信息技术的远程教育理论研究和实践探索具有一定的启发意义。     

The challenge of a distance learning professional doctorate in education

This article summarises research into the effectiveness of a distance learning doctorate in education (EdD). Drawing on an emerging literature which attempts to conceptualise professional doctorates as distinctive from the PhD, we developed a case‐study approach to investigate the EdD student experience. Four themes emerge which are developed into a model of professional outcomes: professionalisation; professional change; bridging the academic/professional divide; and professional self‐esteem. We argue none of these outcomes would have been achieved so effectively for these distance students without a highly structured but flexible support system.     

远程开放教育研究型学习模式

研究型学习模式最富有时代色彩的话语是:引导学习者在行为上主动参与学科建设,在认知上发展原创性思维,在情绪上寻找知识建构的美感,从而促使学习主体与学习客体间建立一种互动的平衡机制,以达到远程开放教育素质化的理想目标。     

Transactional distance theory and total quality management in open and distance learning

Abstract

Although our perceptions regarding distance education (DE) have changed significantly, there still remains a perceived lack of quality in the development, management and delivery of DE programmes. Unfortunately, DE offered in developing countries depends largely on first and second-generation delivery modes and relies heavily on print as form of information dissemination. Thus, technological drawbacks are often hailed as the main reason for such setbacks. This article discusses the findings of a comparative study involving an education programme that runs as both a contact and a distance programme. The assessment indices include access, delivery and output, while the Transactional Distance Theory is adopted to ascertain the extent to which the theory accounts for excellence in a given programme. Findings clearly support the importance of the relationships between dialogue, structure and autonomy. However, the researchers proffer that the Transactional Distance Theory should apply not just to learning material, but to the totality of a given programme. Finally, suggestions on enhancing the total quality of programmes in this context include: the introduction of generic courses; provision of bursaries; introduction and decentralisation of pre-orientation programmes, provision of quality learning material; and workable tutoring and counseling systems.