Recipients: the key to information transfer

Making information available does not necessarily result in subsequent transfer and utilisation. This paper considers the role of various parties to the information transfer process, proposing that the recipient is the key determinant of its success. All other influences such as source, task, organisational and environmental characteristics are considered to be influential on the recipient rather than the process itself. This subtle yet important distinction in some ways simplifies the process by suggesting that the needs of the recipient must inform all information transfer decisions.     

工作轮换与企业内部隐性知识转移

企业内部隐性知识的转移对于企业的成败和发展至关重要,但是它面对巨大障碍和挑战。本文认为工作轮换可以是企业内部隐性知识转移的一种有效方法。在讨论工作轮换和企业内部隐性知识转移之间关系的基础上,探讨了工作轮换的过程管理和实施过程中可能面临的问题。     

技术联盟知识转移影响因素实证研究

 基于知识转移过程理论和技术联盟过程中所呈现的特征和相关影响因素,提出了技术联盟知识转移影响因素概念模型。通过实际采集的数据对技术联盟过程中影响知识转移效果的因素进行实证分析,采用简效适配测量与绝对适配测量相结合的分析方法对模型数据进行整体适配度检验。研究结果表明：知识转移实施过程显著影响知识转移效果;对于潜在变量知识转移实施过程来说,知识转移投入、知识转移方式和知识转移情境适应性对其有显著的正向影响作用;联盟双方的信息对称性对组织知识识别能力有正向显著作用,组织的知识识别能力对知识转移实施过程的直接影响不显著,但通过正向显著影响知识转移方式而对知识转移过程有间接的促进作用;知识源的知识转移能力和知识接收方的知识吸收能力对知识转移情境适应性有正向的积极影响。最后本文根据以上研究结果提出了技术联盟知识转移效果的影响路径以及促进技术联盟知识转移效果的对策建议。     

技术联盟知知识转移影响因素实证研究

基于知识转移过程理论和技术联盟过程中所呈现的特征和相关影响因素,提出了技术联盟知识转移影响因素概念模型.通过实际采集的数据对技术联盟过程中影响知识转移效果的因素进行实证分析,采用简效适配测量与绝对适配测量相结合的分析方法对模型数据进行整体适配度检验.研究结果表明:知识转移实施过程显著影响知识转移效果;对于潜在变量知识转移实施过程来说,知识转移投入、知识转移方式和知识转移情境适应性对其有显著的正向影响作用;联盟双方的信息对称性对组织知识识别能力有正向显著作用,组织的知识识别能力对知识转移实施过程的直接影响不显著,但通过正向显著影响知识转移方式而对知识转移过程有间接的促进作用;知识源的知识转移能力和知识接收方的知识吸收能力对知识转移情境适应性有正向的积极影响.最后本文根据以上研究结果提出了技术联盟知识转移效果的影响路径以及促进技术联盟知识转移效果的对策建议.     

企业联盟中知识转移的影响因素分析--一个分析模型

本文指出了联盟中知识转移的主要影响因素。并对其与知识转移间的关系进行了分析，给出了一种对此问题整体而系统的理解、提出了知识转移影响因素的分析模型．该模型包含四大方面因素：联盟企业特性、知识特性、企业间的关系特性和情境特性，这四方面又各自包含着一些影响要素，同时也阐述了各影响要素和知识转移间所存在的三种关系：正关系、负关系和倒U形关系。     

Knowledge markets in firms: knowledge sharing with trust and signalling

Knowledge sharing and learning are critically important to the success of knowledge management. In this research, we study the design of incentive rewards to facilitate knowledge transfer utilizing an internal knowledge market within organizations. The internal knowledge market is modelled as a marketplace where knowledge providers can send signals about their knowledge and learners may voluntarily acquire the knowledge based on the signals. Three types of knowledge recipients are differentiated with respect to their signalling threshold functions: knowledge connoisseur, knowledge public, and knowledge dilettante. In addition, a knowledge recipient may be either humble or arrogant, with different propensities for learning characterized by different learning inhibition cost functions. For different knowledge recipients, we study the knowledge providers’ best signalling strategies and the firm's optimal design of reward structures. Knowledge providers will adopt different signalling strategies if they lack the necessary trust that knowledge recipients will accurately report their learning. We analyse how the firm can offer learning rewards and employ IT support to improve the trust so as to increase knowledge transfer. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners to manage an internal knowledge market.     

The impact of knowledge stickiness on knowledge transfer implementation,internalization, and satisfaction for multinational corporations

Improving the effectiveness of knowledge transfer from a parent firm to its subsidiary is one of the most critical issues confronting management at multinational companies (MNC). Since knowledge tends to be sticky and difficult to transfer, the success of knowledge transfer is contingent not only upon various kinds of contextual variables, but also upon the process of knowledge transfer implementation and internalization. Previous studies did not consider the process of implementation and internalization variables, and failed to provide a more comprehensive research framework for MNC knowledge transfer. This study attempts to assess the impact of knowledge stickiness on knowledge transfer implementation and internalization, as well as the performance of headquarter–subsidiary knowledge transfer. Results of this study suggest that an increase in knowledge stickiness may have a positive and significant influence on knowledge implementation, internalization, and knowledge transfer satisfaction. However, increases in knowledge stickiness beyond a certain point can also deter the success of transferring knowledge. Results also suggest a significant relationship between knowledge transfer implementation and internalization, innovation and satisfaction, and between knowledge innovation and knowledge transfer satisfaction.     

联结强度、组织学习与知识转移效果

本文从社会网络视角出发,研究联结强度对知识转移效果的影响,并探索知识接收企业的学习方式在其中扮演的中介作用。同时,引入知识源企业的知识可编码性及合作双方的知识库兼容性作为调节变量,从而构建了本研究理论模型。之后,运用305家制造业和高新技术企业的调研数据进行模型验证,并采用AMOS和SPSS软件进行数据分析。研究结果表明,联结强度对知识转移具有正向影响。利用式学习在联结强度和知识转移效果之间发挥中介作用。同时,知识库兼容性加强了联结强度对知识转移效果的正向影响。     

中国企业跨国并购隐性知识转移的关键影响因素研究——基于江苏制造业企业问卷的分析

在大量调查问卷基础上,以江苏制造业企业为样本,从微观行为模式层面考察了影响我国企业跨国并购隐性知识转移的关键因素。研究结果表明:在控制了吸收能力、组织支持、接收动机、初级转移、高级转移、非正式群体与沟通和成功知识等相关因素后,知识模糊性和显性转移模式与隐性知识转移的效果之间呈现较显著的正向关系,而且这种正向关系还会因为知识嵌入性和隐转移模式解释变量的舍去而得到不同程度的加强。与一般认识不同的是,我们还发现,知识势差、物理距离和组织距离等与跨国并购过程隐性知识转移效果之间并不存在倒U型曲线关系,也不存在所谓的"门槛效应",它们之间呈现显著负相关关系。在统计分析的基础上,进一步考察了我国企业跨国并购过程中隐性知识转移的关键影响因素,从转移过程、融合过程、协调过程和反馈过程四种情景验证了企业隐性知识转移过程的特征差异以及它们对跨国并购隐性知识转移过程的内在作用机理。     

基于主体间多维交互的产学研知识转移机理

本文以促进产学研合作中的知识转移效果为目标,从主体间多维交互的视角,选择“沈鼓-大工”产学研合作为案例样本,采用探索性单案例研究方法,基于SECI知识转移过程模型,探讨产研双方在知识转移过程中的交互形式及其作用机理。首先,从项目合作、技术中心、合作研究院等多种合作形式的演变过程介绍了“沈鼓-大工”合作历程;其次,基于案例信息的分析,发现在产研合作知识转移过程中存在利益交互、情感交互、任务交互、行为交互这四个维度的主体间交互,分析了四个维度的主体交互在知识转移过程中的体现形式;然后探究了这四个维度的主体交互在产学研合作中知识转移的作用机理,发掘了不同交互维度在知识转移不同阶段发挥的多元化作用;最后,提出了基于主体间多维交互的产学研知识转移过程整合模型,并阐释了多维交互的一般过程。     

A culturally aware model of inter-organizational knowledge transfer

In order to study the impact of culture on the inter-organizational knowledge transfer, the transfer is conceptualized as an unfolding process consisting of stages through which the involved parties proceed. Such conceptualization allows a closer examination of how the cultural traits of source and recipient firms at different levels affect each stage of the transfer process. The cultural impacts are categorized into two main categories, monadic and dyadic. The theoretical and practical implications of the proposed model are discussed.     

Promoting the continuing usage of strategic information systems: The role of supervisory leadership in the successful implementation of enterprise systems

Organizations face significant challenges in capturing value from their investments in strategic information systems such as enterprise systems (ES). Managers are a powerful source of influence shaping the post-adoption attitudes and behaviors of users and the success of ES. However, the extant IS literature has focused primarily on the role of top management and theoretical explanations of the role of supervisors in fostering continuing usage of ES are lacking. Drawing on transformational leadership theory and the IS continuance (ISC) model, this paper conceptualizes a theoretical model differentiating the influence mechanisms through which different types of leadership behaviors influence the success of ES. Data collected from 192 users of ES confirms our theorization. We find that transformational leadership behaviors of supervisors influence users’ evaluations of satisfaction and perceived usefulness, while their transactional leadership behaviors influence users’ ES continuance intention by moderating the effects of user satisfaction and perceived usefulness on ES continuance intention. This study advances research on the role of leadership behaviors of supervisors in capturing value from enterprise systems. The research also contributes to practice by suggesting effective strategies for promoting continued usage of mission critical systems such as enterprise systems and delivering value from firms’ IT investments.     

A unified perspective on decision making and decision support systems

The lack of consensus on the meaning and role of decision support systems (DSSs), in the market and in academia, indicates that DSS as a field is not maturely defined and modeled. Moreover, an integrated view of the field is necessary to assess the role and value of DSS products and services. Such a view is also a prerequisite for understanding the issues of integration, as well as the potential contributions of artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems (ES). This paper presents a unified and dynamic model showing the relationships of knowledge, information, decision, and action in the decision process. DSS modeling is viewed as a logical deduction of the utility (goal) structure. Using the framework of the model, the sequence and phases of decision making are revised. The concept of situation model is introduced. Four categories of information are addressed: instruction, historical, predicted value of alternatives, and patterns. The role of existing and potential support systems and their evolution toward utilization of ES and AI are discussed.     

技术宽度、技术深度和知识转移

本文基于专利转让的视角,利用知识创造、知识转移、专利密集型产业等理论,从微观专利层面研究了技术宽度、技术深度与知识转移成功率之间的关系,进一步探讨专利密集型产业对技术宽度、技术深度和知识转移成功率之间的调节关系。文章以1991-2012年度期间在中国大陆授权的1944928件发明专利数据为样本,采用Probit回归分析法对相关假设进行了验证。结果表明：技术宽度与知识转移、技术深度与知识转移之间均存在倒U型关系,专利密集型产业会弱化这种倒U型关系,更有利于较复杂技术的知识转移。     

团队成员网络中心性、网络信任对知识转移成效的影响研究

 实现个人知识在研发团队内部的有效转移对组织的知识创造至关重要,而团队内社会网络又是影响团队内知识转移的重要渠道。研究考察了团队成员个人团队内的社会网络中心性和网络信任对团队内部知识转移成效的影响。研究认为团队成员个人在团队内的社会网络中心性对个人知识在团队内转移的成效以及个人团队内的网络信任均具有促进作用,在此基础上进一步提出了团队成员的网络信任在网络中心性影响知识转移成效中的中介作用。研究对所提假设进行了实证检验,并对结果进行了进一步的解释,旨在进一步剖析知识活动的规律,从而为企业有效的管理知识提供指导。     

AUO-AHRP对组织创新绩效的影响研究——知识转移与社会资本的作用

在行业边界日渐模糊和跨界竞争日趋激烈的移动互联时代,内部开发与跨界拓展并重的双元创新成为企业发展的现实选择。因而激发外部资源获取、内部资源利用与内外资源融合以实现双元创新的人力资源实践成为学界与业界关注的热点。鉴于此,本研究基于资源基础、依赖及拼凑理论,界定AUO-AHRP内涵构成,并探究其对组织创新绩效的影响机理和边界条件。425名企业高层的实证研究发现：（1）AUO-AHRP对组织创新绩效有显著正向影响;（2）知识转移中介AUO-AHRP与组织创新绩效间关系;（3）社会资本负向调节AUO-AHRP对知识转移的影响及其通过知识转移对组织创新绩效的间接作用。     

个人关联绩效与团队知识转移成效关系研究

以团队为背景,研究成员个人的关联绩效对团队的综合知识转移成效的影响。认为个人关联绩效的两个维度人际促进和职务奉献分别影响着知识转移成效的三个维度:满意度、参与度和所有权。在此基础上,采用问卷调研分析方法,运用相关分析法和多元逐步回归法来验证各变量之间的影响关系,并对研究结果进行分析和解释,进而说明研究结果的实践意义。     

个人关联绩效与团队知识转移成效、团队绩效关系研究

以研发团队为背景，研究团队成员的个人关联绩效与团队知识转移成效、团队绩效之间的关系。研发团队成员的个人关联绩效不仅影响团队绩效，同时更透过知识转移成效这一中介变量来影响团队绩效。运用线性结构方程验证了各变量之间的影响关系。实证结果为：研发团队的个人关联绩效与团队绩效存在正相关关系，个人绩效与知识转移成效存在正相关关系，知识转移成效与团队绩效存在正相关关系，个人关联绩效可以通过知识转移成效影响团队绩效。     

影响战略联盟中知识转移的因素

从企业知识理论出发,对战略联盟中的知识进行了分类和定义,强调了战略联盟是转移知识的一种重要手段。在对影响战略联盟中知识转移的因素进行文献回顾的基础上,总结出影响联盟知识转移成败的因素。     

Foreign patent flows to and from the United Kingdom

A substantial part of the stock of technological knowhow in any given country is determined by foreign companies. Flows of technology are reflected in part by the international pattern of patenting behaviour. This paper examines both the patent applications in the UK by foreign countries and UK patent applications abroad. It concludes that each country is exposed to a subset of world-wide technology determined by the profitability of transfer of new knowhow. Profitability is affected by the size of potential supply of new inventions in donor countries, by the attractiveness of markets for knowhow in recipient countries and by the costs of transfer.