The role of organisational climate in managing knowledge sharing among academics in higher education

Organizations have often implemented Knowledge Management programs to connect employees better and promote knowledge sharing (KS). In the context of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), this is particularly valid as knowledge creation and dissemination direct their mission and vision. Academics are one of the pillars of HEIs, where knowledge is created and shared. Nonetheless, as HEIs strive to promote academics’ knowledge sharing culture, the actual behaviour of academics might remain inhibited by numerous issues, namely the organizational. Prior research has been focused primarily on individual, technological and scarce aspects of organizational elements. Therefore, this study assesses the role of organizational climate operationalized by organizational leadership and trust in academics’ KS in HEIs. Partial Least Square (PLS) method where variance-based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied in this study. Results from 257 surveyed academics indicate that organizational climate has an exceptionally strong influence on academics’ KS practices. Additionally, organizational leadership and trust had a positive relationship with academics’ KS behaviour. These findings indicate that it is necessary to consider organizational elements and their interactions when understanding and fostering academics’ knowledge sharing behaviour in HEIs context.     

From group-based work to organisational learning: the role of communication forms and knowledge sharing

This paper examines the role of group-based work as a knowledge sharing mechanism in fostering organisational learning. Relying on insights from communication research, the paper develops a set of propositions highlighting the role of communication forms in mediating the effect of group-based work on knowledge sharing. Our view on group-based work is grounded in the philosophical perspective on organisational learning as occurring through interaction. This perspective emphasises the role of communication as the foundational basis for knowledge sharing and learning. Group-based work structures communication and creates conditions for sharing knowledge among organisational members. Drawing on cultural psychology research that reveals that people from different cultures have different cognitive styles and, thus, process and interpret information differently, the paper proposes a link between cognitive styles and preferences for different communication forms. It suggests that effectiveness of knowledge sharing in group-based work depends on whether the latter supports culturally preferred communication forms.     

Effects of intra- and inter-team dynamics on organisational learning: role of knowledge-sharing capability

This research investigates the moderating role of knowledge-sharing capability on the effects of team dynamics on organisational learning by decomposing team dynamics into two types, namely, intra-team and inter-team dynamics. Using structural equation modelling techniques and data from a large-scale survey of employees in Australia, it is shown that inter-team dynamics has a larger direct effect on organisational learning compared with intra-team dynamics. However, when taking the moderating effects of knowledge-sharing capability into consideration, intra-team dynamics contribute more to organisational learning. The findings suggest that knowledge-sharing capability is more critical within teams rather than between teams in enhancing organisational learning. The implications of these findings for knowledge management research and practice are fully discussed.     

网络、信任和规范对知识创造的影响：知识共享的中介作用

组织的知识创造能力是组织竞争优势的重要来源,为探讨知识创造的影响因素,建立了网络、信任、规范、知识共享与知识创造之间的理论模型。通过分层回归分析,以178个样本为对象进行实证研究,研究结果证明：网络、信任和规范对知识创造有正向作用,知识共享在信任与知识创造之间起到了中介作用。本研究结论为组织通过提高社会资本和知识共享提升知识创造能力提供理论和实践基础。     

Modeling knowledge sharing among high-tech professionals in culturally diverse firms: mediating mechanisms of social capital

Drawing upon social capital theory, this research postulates cultural intelligence as a key driver of knowledge sharing through the mediation of social capital among employees from culturally diverse organizations. An empirical testing of the proposed model, by investigating Taiwanese professionals from high-tech foreign companies in Taiwan, reveals the applicability of social capital theory in understanding the relationship between cultural intelligence and knowledge sharing. The study’s test results show that cultural intelligence indirectly influences knowledge sharing through different dimensions of social capital. This research further provides managerial implications and limitations.     

社区奖励对隐性知识共享的影响:内部动机的中介作用

通过设置虚拟社区奖励鼓励用户分享知识,已成为众多社区促进用户知识共享行为的重要措施。社区奖励对知识共享的影响问题已经赢得了广泛的关注与研究,但其效果却一直存在争议。本文通过将虚拟社区知识共享行为划分为隐性知识共享和显性知识共享两种类型,探讨了虚拟社区奖励对两类知识共享行为的相对影响及其对隐性知识共享的作用机制。研究发现：虚拟社区奖励能够显著促进用户的显性知识共享,而与隐性知识共享存在倒U型的曲线关系;愉悦感和自我效能感在虚拟社区奖励与隐性知识共享之间起完全中介的作用。该研究结论不仅加深了对虚拟社区奖励对知识共享行为影响的理解,并且探索了虚拟社区奖励对隐性知识共享的作用机制,对社区合理设计虚拟社区奖励以促进用户的知识共享具有实践指导意义。     

Social capital and knowledge sharing performance of learning networks

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the relationship between the social capital accumulated among network members and the performance of learning networks in terms of their ability to enhance knowledge sharing among network members. A network level perspective guided the sampling strategy adopted for this survey involving 150 members of 16 European learning networks. Hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modelling were employed to investigate the inter-relationships between dimensions of social capital and knowledge sharing in learning networks. The results reveal that social interaction and cognitive social capital are positively and significantly related to knowledge sharing in learning networks. Social interaction is also shown to play an important role in the development of shared vision and shared language (i.e. cognitive social capital) in learning networks. This paper sheds further light on the inter-relationships between different dimensions of social capital from a network (rather than firm) level perspective, and contributes to emerging theory on the antecedents to, and assessment of, performance in learning network entities.     

Green intellectual capital and environmental product innovation: the mediating role of green social capital

Although the importance of intellectual capital has already been highlighted in the management literature, few articles have focused on the importance of its green counterpart, green intellectual capital. Nowadays, when environmental concerns cannot be ignored by firms, it is therefore time to explore the role of green intellectual capital in environmental improvement. For that reason, our research aims to explore the relationships between green intellectual capital components and the environmental performance of the firms. In particular, we try to show the importance of green organizational and social capital in the development of environmental product innovations, which are vital to the development and implementation of environmental strategies since, as scholars have pointed out, they generate some of the greatest environmental impacts. The empirical results show that green organizational capital has an indirect impact on environmental product innovation through green social capital, meaning that the latter is a significant mediator of that relationship, and at the same time emphasizing that informal relationships play a key role in the improvement of the environmental performance of the firm and, more specifically, in the development of environmental product innovations.     

The effect of internal social capital on knowledge sharing

On the basis of the Chinese schema, we propose that internal social capital manifests itself in the form of ‘guanxi’, trust, and norms. We discuss the concept of interpersonal relationships within the context of Chinese culture by embedding the guanxi concept into a model to investigate the relationships among the three dimensions. We used a survey-based methodology to collect data from 230 employees of the top 100 high-technology firms in Taiwan and structural equation modelling (SEM) with LISREL 8.54 to examine the hypotheses model. The results indicated that at the individual level, guanxi is positively related to both trust and norms, which are also positively related to knowledge sharing. The mediating effects of trust and norms were also found to be significant. Trust directly influences knowledge sharing, and plays a mediating role between knowledge sharing and guanxi. This suggests that knowledge sharing is likely to occur when trust exists among employees. The results further indicate that norms mediate the relationship between guanxi and knowledge sharing. Guanxi among members influences knowledge sharing; therefore, organizations require a feasible solution using the relational norms mechanism. Previous studies have either emphasized the direct influence of social capital or regarded all variables to be of similar importance for knowledge sharing; however, no clear explanations have been provided explaining its influence on knowledge sharing. We advance understanding of why social capital enhances knowledge sharing among employees and the means by which this occurs.     

结合型与桥接型社会资本对双元创新的影响

学术界对结合型与桥接型社会资本(SC)影响企业双元创新作用“黑箱”仍缺乏探讨。研究知识密集型企业结合型与桥接型SC对双元创新的影响,并探究知识整合(KI)的中介作用。结果表明：(1)结合型与桥接型SC均对利用性和探索性创新有促进作用,而未出现倒U型关系,但结合型SC更有利于利用性创新,桥接型SC对探索性创新的促进更强;(2)辅助性KI在结合型SC与利用性创新的关系中、在桥接型SC与利用性创新的关系中具有中介作用,而互补性KI仅在桥接型SC对探索性创新的影响中起中介作用;(3)聚类分析结果发现,当企业具有高水平结合型与桥接型SC时提升双元创新能力效果更佳。     

研发团队知识分享的中介效果研究

知识分享是知识管理中最重要的议题。本研究主要参考IPO团队运作模式,探讨知识分享在影响资讯系统开发团队效能中所可能产生的中介效果。文章以现实资讯系统开发团队为研究对象,运用层次回归分析法进行分析,结果发现,不管是成员的自我效能、团队互动还是团队成员信任,对于知识分享均有相助的正向影响。进一步的研究更发现,知识分享在自我效能与团队效能、团队互动与团队效能、以及团队信任与团队效能的关系上扮演中介的角色。     

组织社会资本对个体知识分享的影响机理

个体知识分享行为的产生,取决于个体是否有分享知识的意愿或动机.计划行为理论对影响个体意愿产生的因素进行了详尽的阐释.组织社会资本的不同维度,通过影响个体知识分享的态度、主观规范及知觉行为控制,影响知识分享意愿及行为的产生.     

团队共享心智模式对团队有效性的影响机制研究

摘要：文章采用实证研究的方法探讨了我国高科技组织中团队共享心智模式对团队有效性的影响作用机制。通过对来自4个城市的36家高科技组织的248名团队成员的调查,研究结果发现：团队共享心智模式对团队绩效和团队成员工作满意感具有积极的影响作用;团队共享心智模式通过团队成员间的知识分享行为对团队绩效产生影响,即知识分享行为在团队共享心智模式与团队绩效之间起中介作用。     

Composite diversity,social capital,and group knowledge sharing: a case narration

Composite diversity among team members is one of the noteworthy but neglected issues for its contingent effect on knowledge management processes. This paper presents that these often contingent and sometimes bipolar effects of composite diversity occur in their relationship with knowledge sharing, which is one critical element for knowledge management. Nevertheless, we argue that this contingency does not stem from the diversity per se, but from the social-cognitive state (i.e. social capital) that moderates in this diversity-sharing relationship. In addition to the conceptual deductions, we conducted a series of semi-structured interviews in a real-life group setting as a preliminary endorsement for our theoretical exploration; this effort serves as a setout in assisting the illustrative conceptual deductions but not an attempt to be one large-scaled empirical piece of testing that should consider the generalizability more seriously. Implications for group practices and group dynamics in knowledge-sharing imperatives are discussed finally.     

社会资本与核心能力关系研究：以知识创造为中介变量

 本文从社会资本的视角出发,研究企业内外部社会资本对企业核心能力的协同影响,并以知识基础理论为基础探讨知识创造在此过程中的中介作用。研究结果表明,企业内外部社会资本以及它们之间的协同机制对企业核心能力有显著的正向影响,知识创造在此过程中起着重要的中介作用。本文结论对于进一步明确社会资本、知识创造与企业核心能力之间的相互联系,特别是内外部社会资本、以及内外部社会资本的协同机制对核心能力不同维度的影响有重要的意义,有利于指导企业利用其内外部关系提升核心能力与竞争优势。     

企业家导向对企业间知识获取的影响研究——基于企业间社会资本的调节效应分析

 研究企业家导向对企业从关键合作企业处知识获取的影响,并关注企业间社会资本的三个具体维度——网络连接、关系信任和共享愿景——对企业家导向和企业间知识获取之间关系的调节效应。利用122家企业样本数据,采用多阶段线性回归法的经验研究结果表明：企业家导向倒U影响企业间知识获取;企业间网络连接、关系信任和共享愿景均以这样的方式分别调节企业家导向与企业间知识获取之间的倒U关系：相比于低水平时,高水平的网络连接、关系信任以及共享愿景使不同水平的企业家导向均更有利于企业间知识获取,并且高水平的企业家导向比低水平和中等水平的企业家导向更有利于企业间知识获取。     

The role of lead users in knowledge sharing

This paper introduces a model of knowledge sharing in an online community of practice that suggests that knowledge contributions will be made by those who possess the relevant knowledge. For them, matching a ready-made solution to a problem is low cost. We hypothesize that lead users – due to their characteristics – are likely to possess more relevant solution knowledge and thus be centrally involved in contributing knowledge. Our results support the hypothesis by showing that lead user characteristics relate positively to making contributions to the community. In addition, we find that search and integration of knowledge from different external sources of relevance to the community positively moderates knowledge contributions by lead users.     

社会资本对微信群用户知识共享意愿的影响

微信群已经成为人们移动在线社交最活跃的社区,从社会资本角度研究用户在 不同微信群的知识共享意愿是值得深入探讨且具有广泛影响的重要问题。本文基于社会资本 理论,将微信群分为粘结型群、维持型群和桥接型群三类,探究结构、关系和认知三个维度 的社会资本对用户在三种类型微信群知识共享意愿的影响及其差异。使用 WarpPLS 对问卷 调查获得的 244 份有效样本进行模型验证。研究结果显示在结构维度方面,网络连通性只对 用户在桥接型群的知识共享意愿有正向影响,网络亲密性只对维持型群和桥接型群的知识共 享意愿有正向影响;在关系维度方面,认同对用户在三类微信群的知识共享意愿均有正向影 响,而信任和互惠只对桥接型群的知识共享意愿有正向影响;在认知维度方面,共同语言对 用户在三类微信群的知识共享意愿均有正向影响,共同愿景只对维持型群的知识共享意愿有 正向影响。本研究对个人或组织认识人们在代表不同人际圈子的微信群中的知识共享规律, 从而高效地获取知识和创新管理具有重要的理论和现实意义。