高校知识资本评估方法及实证研究

知识资本是知识经济时代高校的核心竞争力,但目前对高校知识资本的研究还很少,尚未见有关高校知识资本评估方法的报道。本文尝试构建高校知识资本评价指标体系,选用主成分分析法和靶向图法进行评估,并以上海某高校为例进行了实证研究,结果表明该指标体系和评估方法具有一定程度的可靠性。本项研究可以促进知识资本研究向高校领域延伸,也将有助于促进我国高校的改革和发展。     

Knowledge management and intellectual capital: an empirical examination of current practice in Australia

This paper reports the findings from a survey conducted in Australia to explore current practices relating to knowledge management (KM) and intellectual capital (IC). A systematic approach in the form of the intellectual capital web guided the research. Findings revealed that KM was perceived to be more about developing knowledge culture than about managing organisational processes and structure. IC was perceived to be more about human capital than about customer capital and organisational capital. It can therefore be concluded that human capital holds the greatest importance for KM and IC. However, when facilitators for knowledge creation and knowledge sharing were rated, organisation structure was perceived to be more important than organisational culture and information technology. For KM practices, participants indicated that more attention was paid to training and developing employees and less to measurement and reward and incentive issues. The importance of aligning the management of IC and KM was perceived to be more important than the difficulty of doing so.     

Linking intellectual capital and knowledge management: an analysis of Kyoto and Detroit

The successes and failures of Detroit and Kyoto, from intellectual capital and organizational knowledge perspectives, are compared in terms of their similarities and differences as they both strive to maintain an accepted level of social development, global adjustment and urban quality of life. This paper examines the state of development of the four domains of knowledge in Detroit and Kyoto from a historical perspective, applies that analysis to the current state of knowledge and identifies linkages between intellectual capital and knowledge development.     

R＆D项目组知识创造影响因素的实证研究

知识创造是企业提高自身核心竞争力最重要的手段之一，识别组织知识创造影响因素有助于促进知识创造。首先介绍了组织知识创造活动的一般过程和研究进展，在此基础上建立了知识创造影响因素概念模型，并对这些影响因素进行了统计分析，得出关键因素。     

高技术企业智力资本形成机制的实证研究

基于知识创造过程模型,深入探究了组织知识创造行为对技术企业智力资本形成的影响,指出智力资本是一种重要的组织知识资产,它的形成涉及组织知识的生成、转移和共享过程。组织知识创造行为越强烈,则智力资本积累水平越高。     

复杂产品系统研制中的知识创造机理实证研究

知识创造过程是复杂产品系统的研制的核心,基于知识两分法的著名知识创造螺旋过程模型(SECI模型),提出了基于知识三分法的SECRP-Sy S模型,认为Co PS的知识创造过程就是知识社会化、知识表出化、知识联结化,知识反思内在化、知识实践内在化和知识系统化等6种模式的相互作用的过程,并通过模型假设和结构方程模型实证研究发现,Co PS知识创造过程存在4条主要的模式转化路径,知识实践内在化是知识创造过程的关键,是形成高质量、高水平Co PS的最关键环节。     

Impact of knowledge incentive mechanisms on individual knowledge creation behavior—An empirical study for Taiwanese R&D professionals

Knowledge incentive mechanisms are a new development in the management of knowledge. The most prevalent perspective presented in the available literature is that the knowledge incentive mechanisms must have the ability to manage the flow of business knowledge. This study explores the relationship among knowledge incentive mechanisms, knowledge psychological ownership, and individual knowledge creation behavior. This study uses structural equation modeling to test a sample of R&D professionals from high-tech companies in Taiwan. Data analysis suggests that knowledge incentive mechanisms promote the psychological ownership by the knowledge owner so that he or she actively carries out knowledge innovation. This implies that knowledge incentive mechanisms stress private proprietary characteristics employees who possess real ownership when they innovate will deem such innovation as an extension of self, giving rise to a protective or defensive mindset, which then has an impact on individual knowledge creation behaviors because of the psychological ownership of knowledge.     

Analyzing ICT adoption and use effects on knowledge creation: An empirical investigation in SMEs

This paper investigates the influence of the adoption and use of information and communication technology (ICT) on organizational learning (OL). The focus is on knowledge, creation, as an articulated construct for the OL concept, and the SECI (Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization) model is used as a reference for knowledge, creation. ICT use is seen here as consisting of three different orientations: informative, communicative and workflow. The results, based on a sample of around 300 Spanish small- and, medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), indicate that ICT has a significant positive influence on the, four processes for creating knowledge. ICT oriented to communication and workflow is found, to produce a significant positive impact on knowledge creation processes, except for, socialization process, while ICT use for information does not influence any of the processes for, creating knowledge and OL.     

Linking operations strategy and product innovation: an empirical study of Spanish ceramic tile producers

This paper deals with the fit between operations strategy and product innovation. The literature review suggests that product-innovating firms should have specific, competitive priorities with regard to operations. In order to test this proposition, we carried out a survey of the competitive priorities in the Spanish ceramic tile industry. We classified respondents according to the number of new products launched between 1997 and 1999. New products were identified according to the literature-based innovation output indicator. Our results revealed that the more-innovative firms follow a different operations strategy than the less-innovative firms because of the emphasis placed on flexibility and quality capabilities.     

人力资本与社会资本对创新行为的影响——基于科研人员个体的实证研究

采用实证研究的方法探讨我国科研人员个体人力资本和社会资本对创新行为的影响作用。研究结果发现:科研人员个体人力资本两维度,即受教育程度和科研工作经验对创新行为产生积极的显著影响,其中科研工作经验的影响更强;科研人员个体社会资本两维度,即人际互动网络规模和人际互动网络密度对创新行为产生显著的二次影响作用,其中科研人员的人际互动网络密度的正向影响和负向影响均更强。     

内外部社会资本对知识创造作用的实证研究

建立组织内部社会资本、外部社会资本和知识创造之间的理论模型,并以山东省698家企业为对象运用结构方程模型进行实证研究,并得出结论,内部社会资本对知识创造有正向的影响,外部社会资本对知识创造有正向的影响,内部社会资本与外部社会资本之间存在相互关联关系,为企业通过提高内部和外部社会资本提升知识创造能力提供理论基础和实践参考.     

知识型企业的社会资本与知识获取关系研究--基于BP神经网络模型的实证分析

本文从企业社会资本与知识获取的关系研究出发,以BP神经网络模型为基础,通过对我国210家知识型企业的问卷调查和分析,探讨了企业社会资本与知识获取之间的关系,并在此基础之上,为我国企业如何通过提高企业社会资本来改善知识获取能力提供对策建议。     

大学在产业集群知识转移中角色的实证研究

从节点的层面进行分析,本文提出并检测了一个关于在产业集群中的组织间知识转移理论框架。我们假定:(1)大学是一个知识库,集群中其他大部分的公司能从大学获得他们想要的知识;(2)从大学溢出的知识同以下因素是正相关的:大学知识的价值、接收公司的吸收能力、知识传输渠道的存在以及是否丰富。我们从在环同济产业集群中运营的企业和与这些企业有商业关系的大学教师、研究生收集数据,并对这些数据进行实证分析,结果表明这些数据完全支持或部分支持我们提出的理论框架中的元素。     

再思科学知识社会学:社会学经验研究的启示

国内社会学界对科学知识社会学(Sociology of Scientific Knowledge,SSK)的关注较少,哲学界的讨论则往往远离社会学的经验研究实践,这一方面造成SSK研究与其他社会学研究领域的脱节,另一方面使得SSK的方法论价值未被全面认识。从社会学经验研究的角度看,当代社会科学研究囿于"语义学神话"从而深深陷入形式主义误区,SSK研究者则敏锐地指出了这个病症。反科学、多重发现、虚无主义等观点均不是批评SSK的恰当理由,而SSK所遭遇的困境也不专属于其自身,它实际体现了现代西方认识论文化的根本困难。     

Web knowledge sharing and its effect on innovation: an empirical investigation in SMEs

This paper extends previous studies on knowledge management by analysing factors affecting Web Knowledge Sharing (WKS) in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In addition, the impact of WKS on organizational innovation and the moderating effect of IT skills on this relation are analysed. Grounded in the technology-organization-environment (TOE) theory and the resource-based view (RBV), this paper develops an integrative research model, which analyses these relations using structural equation modelling on a data set of 535 Spanish SMEs. Results suggest that technological and organizational factors – IT expertise and commitment-based human resources practices – positively influence WKS, while the contrary is found for environmental factors (customer power). In addition, results show that WKS contributes positively to organizational innovation, though support for the moderating effect of IT skills in this relation is not found. The main conclusions of this research can be valuable to SMEs that use or intend to use Internet technologies for knowledge management.     

知识工作团队的领导有效性实证研究

本文基于对团队领导者角色和知识工作团队特点的分析，提出了一个知识工作团队领导者角色行为的模型，将团队领导者角色行为划分为团队内部过程促进方面的两个维度：鼓励参与和提供指导；以及团队外部边界管理方面的两个维度：信息沟通和外部支持。并在我国的高科技组织的知识工作团队中进行实证研究，发现绩效优秀团队的领导者在四种行为上的表现均优于绩效一般团队的领导者。     

Performance of Spanish universities in technology transfer: An empirical analysis

This paper investigates the performance of universities in the transfer of technology using a unique university-level dataset for Spain. The results suggest that universities with established policies and procedures for the management of technology transfer perform better. Universities with large and experienced technology transfer offices (TTOs) generate higher volumes of contract research, but the TTO characteristics appear to matter less for university performance in terms of licensing and creation of spin-offs. Furthermore, universities with a science park perform better than those without, which suggests that the agglomeration of knowledge close to universities has a positive effect on universities’ technology transfer performance.     

知识资源池:知识创新和共享的宏观机制模型

知识的创新和共享不仅仅是企业和组织的需求,更应该是社会和国家的需要。知识的创新及其在国家范围内的共享能促进国家知识优势的形成;知识资源池就是以大学为“催化剂”和中介的一种社会知识创新与共享机制。大学作为社会知识管理的中心是其职责所在,也是其自身的优势所决定的;大学自身的知识管理要与社会知识管理结合进行,其他组织的知识管理也必须融合到社会知识管理的大系统中。