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张文红 《科学学与科学技术管理》2016,(7):126-134
突破式创新具有高风险和高价值的特点,然而并非所有的突破式创新都能为企业带来收益。研究在我国转型经济环境下,企业与外部组织的关系能否以及如何影响企业突破式创新与绩效之间的关系。通过对中国279家制造企业的研究发现,政府关系和同行关系会对突破式创新与绩效之间的关系有积极的调节作用,而供应商关系则会带来消极的调节作用,同时没有发现顾客关系存在着显著的调节作用。 相似文献
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《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2005,16(1):59-87
The implementation of Six Sigma programs must take into consideration the level of technological intensity of the organization to determine the relative impact of program design factors and the applications for electronic business on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). From a Dynamic Capabilities Model perspective, this research studies the moderating effect of technological intensity on the relationships among Six Sigma program design factors, e-business applications, and SCA for sixty-six manufacturing and service organizations. Technological intensity of a firm is defined as the level of research and development (R&D) expenditures as a percentage of corporate sales revenues. Corporations with greater technological intensity invest more heavily in Research and Development to become more competitive. Factor analysis for ten Six Sigma program design items resulted in five program design factors. High technological intensive firms are perceived as attaching a greater importance to certain design factors that are related to electronic-business practices, as compared to other design factors for low technological intensive companies. Similarly, different program design factors are associated with SCA for high-tech than for low-tech companies. Finally only high-tech companies have applications of Six Sigma to electronic-business practices that are correlated with SCA. The recent evolution of Six Sigma programs from manufacturing companies to service organizations suggests competitive opportunities exist for firms to enhance their success, especially in terms of process improvement design factors and applications to electronic-business. 相似文献
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从企业层面探讨企业间人际信任、知识转移、供应商参与NPD绩效之间的关系,并予以实证研究。回顾了企业间人际信任、知识转移、供应商参与NPD绩效的有关理论,在已有理论的基础上,结合实际调查研究,提出假设。运用企业调查的数据对假设进行验证和分析,提出相关建议。 相似文献
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以广东省158家企业为研究对象,探讨了企业在新产品开发过程中内外部整合间的关系及其对开发效率的影响机制,并且依据内外部整合对样本企业的整合模式进行分类,分析了不同整合模式与开发效率间的关系。结构方程模型分析表明,研发营销整合对开发效率没有显著的直接影响,但是通过研发客户整合和研发高校整合对开发效率有显著正向影响;研发制造整合对开发效率没有显著的直接影响,但是通过研发供应商整合对开发效率有显著正向影响。聚类分析和判别分析表明,可以将样本企业的整合模式分为低强度整合、中强度整合、重客户轻高校整合和高强度整合。方差分析表明,高强度整合模式的开发效率显著高于其它整合模式。 相似文献
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Assessing the impact of organizational practices on the relative productivity of university technology transfer offices: an exploratory study 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We present quantitative and qualitative evidence on the relative productivity of university technology transfer offices (TTOs). Our empirical results suggest that TTO activity is characterized by constant returns to scale and that environmental and institutional factors explain some of the variation in performance. Productivity may also depend on organizational practices. Unfortunately, there are no quantitative measures available on such practices, so we rely on inductive, qualitative methods to identify them. Based on 55 interviews of 98 entrepreneurs, scientists, and administrators at five research universities, we conclude that the most critical organizational factors are faculty reward systems, TTO staffing/compensation practices, and cultural barriers between universities and firms. 相似文献
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从技术不确定的角度分析团队组织情境因素,包括领导支持、任务挑战、组织鼓励对创新速度的影响;以我国162家企业为样本,以竞争强度、团队规模、研发成本和新产品开发资源作为控制变量,构建理论模型并进行检验。研究结果表明:领导支持比任务挑战更能提高创新速度;当技术新颖度高及波动性大时,即技术不确定性程度高时,领导支持对创新速度正向影响更大;当技术新颖度中等以及技术波动性低时,任务挑战对创新速度影响更大;一般情况下,组织鼓励与创新速度之间是正相关,然而当技术波动性大时,组织鼓励与创新速度之间负相关。 相似文献
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基于组织信息加工理论,以高管参与为中介变量,以技术动荡性为调节变量,构建项目组合管理实践对新产品开发绩效的影响关系模型。对来自不同行业的169位项目经理和公司高管开展实证研究发现,项目组合管理实践对新产品开发绩效有间接的正向促进作用;高管参与在项目组合管理实践与新产品开发绩效间发挥完全中介作用。技术动荡对项目组合管理实践与新产品开发绩效关系有负向调节作用,低技术动荡条件下,项目组合管理实践对新产品开发绩效有显著的直接影响,高管参与的中介效应不明显。 相似文献
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从供应商网络视角,研究供应商创新性、网络能力对制造企业产品创新绩效的影响,并重点考察供应商网络结构对上述关系的调节作用。对285个有效样本的实证研究显示,供应商创新性和网络能力对产品创新绩效有正向影响。此外,制造企业中心性和网络关系强度正向调节供应商创新性与产品创新绩效间的关系;网络关系密度负向调节供应商创新性与产品创新绩效间的关系;制造企业中心性、网络关系强度和网络内部差异性正向调节网络能力与产品创新绩效间的关系;网络关系密度负向调节网络能力与产品创新绩效间的关系。研究表明,供应商创新性和网络能力对制造企业产品创新都有积极作用,而恰当的供应商网络结构将促进这一作用。 相似文献
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供应商参与产品开发对产品开发绩效的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以我国制造企业为对象,实证研究供应商参与产品开发与制造商产品开发绩效之间的相关关系,并将技术不确定性作为调节变量,研究其如何影响供应商参与产品开发与产品开发绩效之间的关系.研究发现,供应商的参与时机、承担的责任水平以及供应商与制造商之间的信息共享与短期项目绩效和长期战略绩效都显著正相关;技术不确定性越高,参与时机、责任水平和信息共享与长期战略绩效之间关系越强,参与时机和信息共享与短期项目绩效之间关系也越强,而供应商承担的责任水平与短期项目绩效之间的关系影响不明显.本研究结论对制造商制定产品开发战略具有较大的参考价值. 相似文献
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This paper aims to analyse the practice of knowledge integration (KI) in Collaborative New Product Development (Co-NPD) projects involving multiple partners in an aerospace network. On the basis of a pragmatic approach, a multiple-case study is developed focusing on two Italian aerospace companies involved in a research project aimed to define methodologies and technologies for knowledge collaboration in NPD. Data are gathered with a triangulation technique merging official documents and open-ended and closed-ended interviews administered in the companies’ sites and involving managers, engineers and employees. The paper proposes a systematic treatment of the KI practice describing the types of knowledge, strategies, barriers and intellectual property policies for KI at inter-organizational level. The findings provide insights to address NPD models for aerospace networks where the complexity and value of codified knowledge coming from external sources requires adequate treatments and security standards. 相似文献
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The main purpose of this paper is to empirically analyse relationships between human resource (HR) and knowledge management (KM) practices and their effect on the firm’s innovation performance. From the knowledge-based view of the firm, hypotheses based on the specific interactions between an integrated set of KM and knowledge-oriented HR practices were established and statistically tested in a sample of 111 Spanish companies from technological industries. Survey methodology was used with the aim to gather data about KM practices and other related organizational aspects. Overall, this paper provides empirical evidence of a moderating effect of a set of knowledge-oriented HR practices in the relationship between KM exploitation practices and innovation performance. In line with previous research, we suggest that although KM practices are important in themselves for innovation purposes, when specific organizational conditions are properly established by managers the innovation capacity of the firm will significantly be improved and more successfully utilized. 相似文献
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Volker Trommsdorff Katrin Talke 《科研管理》2004,25(Z1):125-132
本文研究的目的是确定市场开发活动对NPD项目绩效的影响.假设为(a)市场进入战略及活动会直接提高创新绩效;(b)市场进入战略在对内外部市场开发活动不断熟悉的基础上正直接影响着创新绩效;(c)内部市场开发战略是在不断熟悉外部市场开发活动的基础上来提高创新绩效的;(d)市场进入过程中创新绩效的效果取决于创新的程度.为了证明假设的合理性,我们利用特定的测量模型建立了有效可靠的方法对134个NPD项目的数据进行收集和分析,然后根据路径模型验证创新的主要影响因素并对所提出的假设进行了大量的回归分析.结果表明市场进入活动对于NPD项目绩效有很大的影响,特别是市场开发战略及外部市场的开发活动会明显提高NPD项目的绩效. 相似文献
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供应商网络的技术异质性为企业的知识获取提供了可能性。在供应商网络的情境下探讨以下2个问题:(1)技术异质性与企业知识获取的关系如何?(2)技术异质性与知识获取间的关系受到哪些因素的影响?基于社会网络理论和吸收能力理论,研究供应商网络技术异质性对企业知识获取的影响,并选取供应商网络密度、关系强度和吸收能力作为调节变量构建概念模型。基于202家中国制造企业的调查数据,研究得出以下结论:第一,技术异质性会促进知识获取;第二,关系强度与吸收能力正向调节技术异质性与知识获取的关系,网络密度不具有显著的调节作用。 相似文献
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基于合作与竞争理论探讨企业与供应商之间目标关联影响企业创新和新产品开发绩效的作用机制。运用结构方程模型对233家企业数据进行分析,结果表明:合作目标通过推动供应商整合促进探索式创新和利用式创新,进而增强核心能力并最终提高新产品开发绩效;相反,竞争目标通过抑制供应商整合阻碍探索式创新和利用式创新,进而减弱核心能力并最终降低新产品开发绩效。 相似文献