学习导向、知识管理能力对竞争优势的作用机制

如何利用知识管理来形成企业的竞争优势,已成为目前学术界和企业界探讨的热门话题之一。论文以长三角地区167家企业为调查对象,对学习导向、知识管理能力、组织创新和竞争优势的关系进行实证研究。研究结果表明:学习导向包含团队导向、记忆导向、信息导向、市场导向和系统导向等五个维度;学习导向各维度均对知识管理能力产生显著的正向影响,其中,团队导向和市场导向对知识管理能力的影响作用尤为明显;知识管理能力并不对竞争优势产生直接影响,而是要通过组织创新的完全中介作用对竞争优势产生间接影响。     

基于RBV的企业信息化绩效评估层次模型

以基于资源的企业理论(RBV)为基础,将企业IT资源分为IT基础设施资源、IT人力资源和互补性组织资源三类。指出IT资源对企业绩效影响的过程性,提出基于RBV的信息化绩效评估层次模型,并以实际企业为例,分析每一层次的评估范围和评估指标,帮助企业对信息技术商业价值进行有效的评估。     

The impact of the customer relationship management on the organization performance

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a very important growing business practice in today's environment. It is used for managing the interaction between a company and its future and current customers. CRM approach's task is analyzing data about the history of customers with a company. It focuses on a way to retain customers, therefore it helps the growth of sales. This leads to improvement of company's business relationship with customers. Current study's goal is to determine how technology, organizational capability, customer orientation, and customer knowledge management influence CRM success. We try to see that how the performance of an organization is affected by the achievement of CRM. For testing the hypotheses, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was adopted. Results have indicated that the success of CRM is highly influenced through “information technology use”, also “customer orientation”, “organizational capability”, and “customer knowledge management” are related to CRM success. Finally, along with the future research avenues and limitations, study implications and findings are discussed.     

组织学习量表的开发与构建——基于组织行为视角

通过文献研究和企业访谈调研,从组织行为的视角建构组织学习5维度测量模型,并提出量表的初始条目。然后通过预测试和正式测试两个阶段的修改和检验,得出了5个测量维度26个条目的量表,5个测量维度分别为学习承诺、开放心智、共享愿景、系统思考、以及分享知识与记忆。本文实证检验的结果表明,所构建的5维度量表具有较好的信度和效度。     

The theoretical foundations of knowledge management

Knowledge management has emerged as an important field for practice and research in information systems. This field is building on theoretical foundations from information economics, strategic management, organizational culture, organizational behavior, organizational structure, artificial intelligence, quality management, and organizational performance measurement. These theories are being used as foundations for new concepts that provide a rationale for managing knowledge, define the process of managing knowledge, and enable us to evaluate the results of this process. Based on articles published between 1995 and 2005, new concepts are emerging, including knowledge economy, knowledge alliance, knowledge culture, knowledge organization, knowledge infrastructure, and knowledge equity. An analysis of the theoretical foundations of knowledge management reveals a healthy arena with a strong foundation and clear directions for future work.     

Business intelligence governance framework in a university: Universidad de la costa case study

Universities and companies have decision-making processes that allow to achieve institutional objectives. Currently, data analysis has an important role in generating knowledge, obtaining important patterns and predictions for formulating strategies. This article presents the design of a business intelligence governance framework for the Universidad de la Costa, easily replicable in other institutions. For this purpose, a diagnosis was made to identify the level of maturity in analytics. From this baseline, a model was designed to strengthen organizational culture, infrastructure, data management, data analysis and governance. The proposal contemplates the definition of a governance framework, guiding principles, strategies, policies, processes, decision-making body and roles. Therefore, the framework is designed to implement effective controls that ensure the success of business intelligence projects, achieving an alignment of the objectives of the development plan with the analytical vision of the institution.     

Organizational culture and its relationship with knowledge management strategy: a case study

In this paper, we study the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management strategy in Pars Oil, an Iranian oil refining public company. The Denison organizational culture model is used. The model measures four essential traits of culture and leadership: involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission. Each of these traits has three indices providing a richness of detail about the trait. Data collection method is a survey using a suitable questionnaire. The results of data analysis show that there are significant relationships between four dimensions of knowledge management strategies (creation and transfer of knowledge) and organizational culture in the organization studied. Moreover, the results of ranking the factors influencing the knowledge management strategy show that the priority and importance of the organizational culture traits based on their effects on knowledge management strategy are, respectively, participation, adaptability, consistency, and mission cultures.     

安全创新理论新探索：基于高危行业的实证研究

我国素来注重高危行业的安全问题，近年来重大事故仍时有发生。安全管理必须改变安全与创新相悖的陈旧认识，引入新思路和新方法解决安全问题。在创新理论和安全认知科学理论的基础上，本文探索了安全创新对企业安全绩效的影响。首先分析了安全创新的内涵、结构、要素及其作用机制，采用多元线性回归的方法对跨越7省的32家企业的442名员工做了实证研究，结果表明安全创新意愿与安全创新资源通过安全创新的行为对企业安全绩效产生正向影响，说明安全创新对于提升高危行业的安全性有显著积极作用，最后提出了相应的政策建议。     

组织学习能力对新服务开发绩效的影响机制研究

 分析组织学习能力对新服务开发绩效影响的作用机制。在文献回顾基础上,使用创新文化、学习文化、学习行为和学习效果四个维度描述组织学习能力,构建了组织学习能力对新服务开发绩效影响机制的结构方程模型,并以知识密集型服务业为研究对象进行了实证分析。研究结果显示,组织学习就是在创新文化和学习文化影响下,通过学习行为扩展组织知识基础,从而提高创新绩效的过程。     

组织信任与新产品绩效关系的实证研究——中层管理者知识共享的中介作用

以高科技公司中层管理者为调查对象,研究了组织信任、知识共享与新产品绩效三者之间的关系.实证研究发现,组织信任有利于提高新产品绩效,其中中层管理者的知识共享起到了部分中介作用,即组织信任促进了中层管理者知识共享,进而提升了新产品绩效.     

Predicting e-readiness at firm-level: An analysis of technological,organizational and environmental (TOE) effects on e-maintenance readiness in manufacturing firms

This study predicts the impact of technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) determinants on e-maintenance technology readiness in manufacturing firms. Survey responses of 308 managers from a wide spectrum of manufacturing firms have been validated and analyzed by means of structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that dimensions of e-maintenance technology readiness in manufacturing firms are mainly influenced by technological and organizational determinants involving technological infrastructure and competence, expected benefits and challenges of e-maintenance, and firm size and ownership. Surprisingly, there is no significant effect of competitive pressures on e-maintenance readiness. This study offers managers and vendors a frame of reference to analyze firm's situation before initiating new innovations. In case of e-maintenance technology, adoption strategies should be built around fostering level of employees’ technological knowledge and skills, technology infrastructure as well as sustaining potential benefits and encountering potential challenges associated with e-maintenance technology. This paper is one of the early studies that predict dimensions of technology readiness index (TRI) through the determinants of technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework. Also, it is among the first attempts to link prominent technology adoption models to e-maintenance technology as a novel form of enterprise innovations.     

Applying artificial intelligence technique to predict knowledge hiding behavior

Drawing on psychological ownership and social exchange theories, this study suggests theoretical arguments and empirical evidence for understanding employee reactions to distributive, procedural, and interactional (in)justice — three crucial bases of employees’ feelings of social self-worth. Utilizing field data and artificial intelligence technique, this paper reveals that distributive, procedural, and interactional (in)justice contribute to higher levels of knowledge hiding behavior among employees and that this impact is non-linear (asymmetric). By reuniting the discourses of organizational justice and knowledge management, this study indicates that feelings of psychological ownership of knowledge and the degree of social interaction are mechanisms that work with organizational (in)justice to influence knowledge hiding behavior. The current research may inform contemporary theories of business research and provide normative guidance for managers.     

The relationship between perceived value and information source use during KM strategic decision-making: A study of 17 Chinese business managers

The study explores the relationship between value attribution and information source use of 17 Chinese business managers during their knowledge management (KM) strategic decision-making. During semi-structured interviews, the Chinese business managers, half in the telecommunications sector and half in the manufacturing sector, were asked to rate 16 information sources on five-point Likert Scales. The 16 information sources were grouped into internal–external and personal–impersonal types. The participants rated the information sources according to five value criteria: relevancy, comprehensiveness, reliability, time/effort, and accessibility. Open-ended questions were also asked to get at how and why value attribution affected the participants’ use of one information source over another during decision-making. Findings show that the participants preferred internal–personal type of information sources over external–impersonal information sources. The differences in value ratings per information source were striking: Telecommunications managers rated customers, newspapers/magazines, and conferences/trips much lower than the manufacturing managers but they rated corporate library/intranet and databases much higher than manufacturing managers. The type of industrial sector therefore highly influenced information source use for decision-making by the study’s Chinese business managers. Based on this conclusion, we added organizational and environmental categories to revise the De Alwis, Majid, and Chaudhry’s (2006) typology of factors affecting Chinese managers’ information source preferences during decision-making.     

学习型组织构面与检验方法研究

基于对我国管理情境下的组织特征的分析,提出了我国学习型组织包含创新型文化、知识管理体系、优化的组织结构和战略性领导力4个构面。在此基础上,提出了检验学习型组织构面的程序,并着重对统计检验方法进行了探讨。并对今后的研究工作进行了展望,为进一步修正和完善学习型组织的4个构面提供了研究思路,为创建具有中国特色的学习型组织提供了理论与方法的指导。     

组织健康类型的实证及其对中国企业的启示

根据理论分析,组织健康包括企业绩效、员工健康和社会效益三个维度,它们的交叉组合形成了8种类型.通过实证研究确证了组织健康的8种类型.研究发现,和组织健康三维度同等重要的假设不同的是,健康的企业并不一定要在这三个方面同时良好,而是在企业绩效良好的基础上,员工健康和社会效益两者取其一即可;而如果企业绩效不好,则不管它在其他两方面的作为如何,都是不健康的企业;或者企业绩效良好,但其他两个方面都不及格,这也不是健康的企业.研究证实了组织健康类型与组织健康状态的匹配性,明确了组织健康的判断标准,对促进中国企业的组织健康有重要现实意义.     

A measure of knowledge sharing behavior: scale development and validation

The concept of knowledge sharing is getting more and more attention in the research and practice of knowledge management. It is necessary to develop relevant performance assessment and reward systems to encourage people's knowledge sharing behaviors (KSBs). Till now, little effort has been put into developing a valid and reliable measure of KSB. The primary purpose of this study is to develop a new measure of KSB with desirable psychometric properties – a well-developed KSB scale with a sufficient level of reliability and validity. This main objective was achieved by using the following procedures: (1) specify domain of construct, (2) generate scale items, (3) purify scale, and (4) validate scale. The new KSB scale developed in this study is a 4-dimensional, 28-item, 5-response choice frequency scale. The scale includes written contributions, organizational communications, personal interactions, and communities of practices dimensions. The results provided evidence of the dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the KSB scale.     

服务创新视角下知识管理对物流企业绩效的影响研究——以镇江市为例

研究物流企业知识管理通过服务创新这条路径对企业绩效的影响。将知识管理分为知识共享和知识创造两大维度,服务创新分为理念创新、技术创新、组织创新和市场创新四个维度,据此构建了理论模型且进行实证研究。利用结构方程分析表明,知识创造对组织创新的正向作用不明显、知识管理通过理念创新对企业绩效的正向作用不明显,其他均有显著的正向影响。     

An application of the knowledge management maturity model: the case of credit unions

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of knowledge management (KM) maturity of credit unions. The application of a maturity model to 15 credit unions in North America revealed that an overall level of KM maturity is at an early stage of development, but there are signs of future improvement. Credit unions operate in a highly competitive, knowledge-intensive financial industry and experience various pressures to increase their efficiency, which they can achieve through the implementation of KM solutions. Despite the absence of official KM strategies, KM projects were introduced locally in order to fill particular knowledge gaps. The availability of IT infrastructure and the implementation of KM-related technologies alone are insufficient to ensure universal success of organizational KM activities. Credit union managers periodically access and use academic research in their decision making. At the same time, they prefer accessing scholarly knowledge in translated form from books, practitioner magazines, and consultants. It was concluded that organizations competing in the knowledge-intensive sector have an inner need for KM solutions.     

家族性因素对家族企业绩效影响的实证研究

家族企业在世界经济中占有重要的地位,研究者相信家族企业具有不同于非家族企业的独特性,于是将其区分出来进行单独研究。但目前的研究多只是简单地探讨家族企业独有的企业特征与非家族企业相比较所具有的优势或劣势,较少研究家族性因素对企业绩效的影响。本文通过文献研究及访谈调研,提出了家族性因素的四个维度,在此基础上构建了家族性因素与企业绩效的关系的研究框架,提出各因素与企业绩效的关系假设。最后,通过问卷调查获取家族性因素及企业绩效的数据,用SPSS13.0软件系统对各个因素与企业绩效之间进行相关性分析,偏相关分析,回归分析,以检验假设。研究表明"家族性因素"中信任度、家族成员间的交流、职业经理模式、愿景共享与企业成功和家族成功均有显著的正相关关系,而人情取向、柔性治理模式、多元化经营与企业成功和家族成功显著负相关关系。