Making knowledge work: five principles for action-oriented knowledge management

Often knowledge management (KM) initiatives are built on an assumption that the relationship between knowledge and action starts with knowledge, that is, we know something and we act upon it. Such an assumption can lead KM initiatives to develop knowledge that is not necessarily useful for the actions that an organization is willing to take. However, if the organization derives knowledge from the actions they are willing to take or they are taking, the knowledge can be much more useful as it will directly facilitate the actions. In this article, we argue that the relationship between knowledge and action is reciprocal and offers two-way learning. As such, KM initiatives are most apt to be successful by considering how to derive knowledge from action as well as how to deliver knowledge. The paper develops five principles for action-oriented KM.     

The value creation cycle: moving towards a framework for knowledge management implementation

Researchers have emphasized on the need for advances in knowledge management (KM) research to better understand how organizations accrue benefits from their knowledge resources. Thus, an integrated approach, rooted in the theoretical streams of knowledge-based view, KM and institutional theory, is proposed to explain how a successful KM program creates value. The approach discusses four organizational capabilities that firms need to develop simultaneously to create KM-enabled value, and identifies possible organizational actions to develop these capabilities. Various feedback and feed-forward processes, originating inside as well as outside the firm, integrate these capabilities into a KM-enabled value creation cycle (VCC). Key propositions were developed, and were examined with the help of three case studies.     

Making knowledge management work: tactical to practical

Over the past 20 years, many researchers and theorists have generated a significant body of literature in the interrelated fields of knowledge management (KM), organizational learning (OL), and knowledge creation (KC). A large body of work generated by proponents of technology as a primary facilitator of KM, OL, and KC supports the expenditure of billions of dollars in information technology infrastructure and knowledge management systems. A separate body of work generated by behaviourists illustrates how organizational culture is a major determinate in the effectiveness of the technology. Ultimately, corporate executives measure success in terms recognizable to financial markets. Yet, an empirical link connecting the interrelated dots needed to provide practical guidance to practitioners and executives remains elusive. This paper summarizes historical and current perspectives within the field and identifies the need for continue empirical research to build a practical construct.     

知识管理战略研究：基本分析框架

文章在阐明知识管理战略基本命题的基础上,认为在知识经济时代知识管理战略是企业战略理论的新发展,旨在为企业的知识管理实践确定战略方向。从企业竞争力的角度出发,构建了知识管理战略的研究框架,此框架大体上可以反映知识管理战略各主要关键雏度及其各个维度之间的关系;最后对相关研究领域急需解决的问题做出了展望。     

超越知识管理:知识治理理论的概念、框架及应用

从知识过程的有效组织的现实重要性以及知识管理对此研究存在的困境入手,分析了知识治理理论提出的必要性,对知识治理理论的概念、理论基础和基本思想进行了阐释。从治理角度出发,选择正式的组织机制,显著地影响非正式的组织实践,以最优化知识的生产和利用构成知识治理理论的基本特征。在上述分析的基础上,提出了一个系统的知识治理分析框架。最后,就知识治理理论的应用问题进行了初步的分析。     

Galileo's stream: A framework for understanding knowledge production

We introduce a framework for understanding knowledge production in which: knowledge is produced in stages (along a research to development continuum) and in three discrete categories (science and understanding, tools and technology, and societal use and behavior); and knowledge in the various stages and categories is produced both non-interactively and interactively. The framework attempts to balance: our experiences as working scientists and technologists, our best current understanding of the social processes of knowledge production, and the possibility of mathematical analyses. It offers a potential approach both to improving our basic understanding, and to developing tools for enterprise management, of the knowledge-production process.     

Impelling research productivity and impact through collaboration: a scientometric case study of knowledge management

A case study for impelling university research productivity and impact through collaboration is presented. Scientometric results support the hypothesis that a knowledge management model increased research collaboration and thereby boosted a university’s number of publications and citations. Results come from fifteen years of data at a Mexican university with 2400 researchers who produced 24,000 works in fifteen research disciplines. These data are treated with social network visualizations and algorithms to identify patterns of collaboration and clustering, as well as with normalizations to make disciplines comparable and to verify increasing citation impact. The knowledge management model implemented in the study may be a cost-effective way for universities to intensify collaboration and improve research performance.     

Transferring intermediate technologies to rural enterprises in developing economies: a conceptual framework

This paper integrates the contributions from different branches of the technology transfer literature to identify enablers driving the transfer of intermediate or appropriate technologies to recipients in rural areas of developing economies. An in-depth analysis of the literature shows that many enablers identified in the literature focus on high technology transfers and are of limited relevance in the context of rural enterprises. Other important enablers in this specific setting are ignored or insufficiently considered. This paper proposes a framework comprising a specific set of enablers that facilitates technology transfer in rural enterprises in developing regional economies.     

技术知识特性、知识能量与组织创新的关系

知识的获取、创造、储存和扩散等活动对于加快企业知识能量创造、更好地适应瞬息万变的环境、提高组织创新绩效起着重要的作用。本文基于前人的研究成果和理论分析,构建了一个技术知识特性、知识能量和组织创新之间的关系模型,对于深入认识特定技术知识特性的条件下知识能量的蕴蓄、创造过程以及开展相关研究具有重要的理论意义和参考价值。     

Managing technology alliances: The case for knowledge management

Organizations need to form alliances with external entities in order to acquire or access resources outside ones bounds. In recent times, we have seen an increased number of alliances geared towards acquiring technology capabilities. Alliances for technology capabilities include software application licensing agreements, access to technological infrastructure, and accessing technological know-how. While a lot of attention has been paid to the financial, economic, legal, and architectural issues of such arrangements, one dimension has been under debated and discussed—the knowledge component. Knowledge is the critical resource that is exchanged, managed, and integrated, in technology alliances. Managing knowledge in and around technology alliances is of utmost importance if we want to reap the strategic and operational benefits of such engagements. In this case study analysis, we share crucial knowledge management concerns to bear in mind while constructing, governing, and terminating technology alliances.     

Examining the influence of modularity and knowledge management (KM) on dynamic capabilities: Insights from a call center

Modularity in organizations can facilitate the creation and development of dynamic capabilities. Paradoxically, however, modular management can also stifle the strategic potential of such capabilities by conflicting with the horizontal integration of units. We address these issues through an examination of how modular management of information technology (IT), project teams and front-line personnel in concert with knowledge management (KM) interventions influence the creation and development of dynamic capabilities at a large Asia-based call center. Our findings suggest that a full capitalization of the efficiencies created by modularity may be closely linked to the strategic sense making abilities of senior managers to assess the long-term business value of the dominant designs available in the market. Drawing on our analysis we build a modular management-KM-dynamic capabilities model, which highlights the evolution of three different levels of dynamic capabilities and also suggests an inherent complementarity between modular and integrated approaches.     

Collaborating across institutional and jurisdictional boundaries: enabling the emergence of a national innovation system through public knowledge management

Public institutions involved in research that aims to strengthen the productivity, profitability and adaptiveness of industries face a multiplicity of challenges when managing for the emergence of cost effective solutions to problems. We reflect upon the learnings of a Government sponsored Visiting Fellow’s programme that we describe as a knowledge management (KM) intervention within Australia’s primary industries Research, Development and Extension (R, D and E) system. Our central concern is to draw upon the learnings of an internet-based initiative in the United States called eXtension to show how ‘traditional’ D and E activities can be transformed. We argue that organisations and networks involved in such D and E activities need to perceive themselves as belonging to systems that are socio-technical in nature. That is, the development and deployment of cross-jurisdictional and cross-institutional innovations are shaped by both the social interactions between people and the systematic use of technology to support distributed learning. We explain how the elements of an integrated model to support public KM can be developed to create the conditions for enhanced innovation. Our findings have relevance to a wide range of other industry sectors considering contemporary service models involving public and private partnerships.     

基于CMM的企业知识管理成熟度模型比较研究

知识管理成熟度模型作为一种指导性框架体系,为企业改善知识管理明确了道路和方向.在介绍软件能力成熟度模型的基础之上,针对四个基于CMM的知识管理成熟度模型Siemens' KMMM、Infosys'KMMM、KPQM和KMCA,从成熟度等级、各等级特征、共通特征以及关键过程域等角度进行比较分析.     

Developing capabilities in new ventures: a knowledge management approach

On the basis of a knowledge management perspective, this paper expands the literature on new ventures’ capabilities by considering how these firms fill knowledge gaps and develop the technological, marketing, management, and ICT capabilities they need to compete. In particular, this paper investigates the role of networks in these dynamics. Although new technology-based firms have great potential to introduce innovative products into the market, they might suffer from more critical knowledge gaps and capability weaknesses than established firms. The results of a quantitative investigation of an original data set of more than 400 Italian new ventures specializing in high-tech industries show that these firms acquire knowledge to support their capability growth mainly through the management of intense relations with multiple external sources of knowledge. In addition, capability development is supported by the variety of founders’ industry experience and the presence of young graduates among the founding team.     

科研团队知识管理系统研究

针对科研团队发展的趋势,提出一种将知识管理的思想引入到管理科研团队知识的方法。首先从知识地图,隐性知识的交流两个方面阐了设计思想,然后分析营造知识共享氛围的激励措施,给出知识管理系统的方案设计,并介绍通过个人信息模块、经验共享模块、讨论社区模块交流科研团队中隐性知识的策略。最后利用本实验室科研团队作为示例验证知识管理系统,测试表明系统能较好地满足应用需求。     

企业创新网络分析:知识流动视角下的理论构架

在概述前人研究的基础上,基于知识流动这一崭新的视角,提出了由主体、资源、活动三要素组成的企业创新网络理论构架,将由核心企业、其他企业、大学和科研机构构成的创新主体要素及由主体资源与网络特殊资源组成的资源要素整合在知识获取、知识创造、知识转移和知识应用这一完整的知识流动过程中.这一构架的提出,有利于我们加深对企业创新网络本质的理解.     

Issues in the management of web technologies: a conceptual framework

The current spate of activities in Electronic Commerce draws upon many web-based technologies. Inspite of the large amount of literature being put out on Electronic Commerce, there is no coherent model or theory bearing on issues of the management of Web technologies. This paper makes a beginning in this direction by outlining a conceptual framework for management of Web technologies. The existing literature in the Mangement of Information Technology reveals four major themes: management of investment; management of change; management of quality; and management of technology organization. This paper elaborates on all the four themes in the light of Web technologies.     

基于数据挖掘的知识管理系统研究

从企业知识管理系统需求、构成、逻辑结构、系统模型等方面进行分析,并对基于数据挖掘的企业知识管理系统的建立进行讨论,试图为企业建立强大的知识管理系统提供可行的方法。     

IT incidents and business impacts: Validating a framework for continuity management in information systems

Information technology (IT) incidents that make data inaccessible may cause businesses to lose customers, reputation and market position. Previous studies on information management have identified data availability as a key priority, and the literature on disaster recovery and business continuity describes ways of preparing for and avoiding IT incidents. However, no frameworks for information system continuity management (ISCM) have yet been validated. This research draws on a framework for business continuity management, and extends it to the context of information systems. The framework is validated in a survey of IT managers and chief information officers in large private and public organisations operating in Finland. The results suggest that the embeddedness of continuity practices in an organisation has perceived business impacts whereas, in contradiction of previous theory, there is no such direct relation in the case of organisational alertness and preparedness. The theoretical contribution is to validate the ISCM framework statistically. On the practical level, social factors such as committed managers and employees are influential in decreasing negative business impacts. Further research on the embeddedness of continuity practices is called for.