Information extraction with automatic knowledge expansion

POSIE (POSTECH Information Extraction System) is an information extraction system which uses multiple learning strategies, i.e., SmL, user-oriented learning, and separate-context learning, in a question answering framework. POSIE replaces laborious annotation with automatic instance extraction by the SmL from structured Web documents, and places the user at the end of the user-oriented learning cycle. Information extraction as question answering simplifies the extraction procedures for a set of slots. We introduce the techniques verified on the question answering framework, such as domain knowledge and instance rules, into an information extraction problem. To incrementally improve extraction performance, a sequence of the user-oriented learning and the separate-context learning produces context rules and generalizes them in both the learning and extraction phases. Experiments on the “continuing education” domain initially show that the F1-measure becomes 0.477 and recall 0.748 with no user training. However, as the size of the training documents grows, the F1-measure reaches beyond 0.75 with recall 0.772. We also obtain F-measure of about 0.9 for five out of seven slots on “job offering” domain.     

超越知识管理:知识治理理论的概念、框架及应用

从知识过程的有效组织的现实重要性以及知识管理对此研究存在的困境入手,分析了知识治理理论提出的必要性,对知识治理理论的概念、理论基础和基本思想进行了阐释。从治理角度出发,选择正式的组织机制,显著地影响非正式的组织实践,以最优化知识的生产和利用构成知识治理理论的基本特征。在上述分析的基础上,提出了一个系统的知识治理分析框架。最后,就知识治理理论的应用问题进行了初步的分析。     

产业集群知识创新机制的一个新视角——基于知识发酵理论研究

我国许多地方通过产业集群提高了产业竞争优势,拉动了地方经济的增长。产业集群拥有强大的知识创新能力,因此研究产业集群知识创新机制对于提高产业竞争力和促进区域经济的发展具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。文章借助仿生学原理,运用知识发酵理论阐述了产业集群知识创新SEC I过程各要素构成,弥补了当前有关知识创新理论的不足,为产业集群知识创新提供了一种新的思路和理论框架。     

隐性知识的混沌理论

隐性知识是知识管理的核心问题,目前对隐性知识的研究范式限制了研究思路和方法的拓展。混沌理论是现代非线性科学中的一个分支,是科学研究中一种重要的工具和手段。本文以混沌理论的一般原理作为方法论,探讨了隐性知识的混沌特征及在知识管理中的意义,旨在为知识管理和知识创新提供新的思路。     

Science-based innovation: the blind spot of knowledge management theory

Knowledge Management Research & Practice - This paper argues that knowledge management theory needs to explore the literature on how science-based work is organized, managed, and monitored. To...     

企业隐性知识流动态扩展模型分析

本文从隐性知识共享的角度出发,揭示了隐性知识的内涵,综述了国内外关于隐性知识共享的理论方法以及各自的优缺点,通过研究企业业务流程中的关键驻点,建立了隐性知识流的动态扩展模型,分析了企业业务流程之间隐性知识流转移,提出了基于隐性知识流共享和转移机制的研究展望。     

科学知识图谱的发展历程

 科学知识图谱是显示科学知识的发展进程与结构关系的一种图形,是科学计量学具有前景的研究方向。本章从引文分析和信息可视化角度介绍了科学知识图谱发展的历程,并分别介绍了传统的科学知识图谱类型和现代的三维构型图谱、多维尺度分析图谱、社会网络分析图谱、自组织映射图谱以及寻求路径图谱及其相应的原理。其研究进展表明,无论是对于科学技术研究,还是对于企业技术创新,科学知识图谱都是一种有效的知识管理工具。     

组织知识创新管理基础的结构方程分析与实证

以基于共享心智模型的组织知识创新管理为研究对象,以我国上海、浙江、江苏三地区30家企业120个专门性的组织结构为样本来源,检验了组织知识创新管理中组织共享心智模型作用的各种前因与后果。检验结果表明,组织共享心智模型中的组织隐性知识共享水平与组织内在价值意义共享水平对组织知识创新能力的开发、组织知识创新战略的内在有机集成、组织知识创新成果的内部传播效率皆具有较显著的促进作用,而组织学习、交叉培训、经验交流、组织文化以及组织激励机制等因素则分别构成了组织共享心智模型形成过程中的重要影响前因。研究结论为今后更进一步地探明组织知识创新管理的内在运作机制提供了一个新视角,也为当前各级组织加强自身内在隐性知识资源的开发指明了一个具体的方向。     

The knowledge-creating theory revisited: knowledge creation as a synthesizing process

This paper is a part of our attempt to build a new knowledge-based theory of the firm and organization to explain the dynamic process of knowledge creation and utilization. For this, we revisit the theory of knowledge creation through the SECI process and ba, and try to advance them further by incorporating the dialectic thinking. In this paper, knowledge creation is conceptualized as a dialectical process, in which various contradictions are synthesized through dynamic interactions among individuals, the organization, and the environment. With the view of a firm as a dialectic being, and strategy and organization should be re-examined as the synthesizing and self-transcending process instead of a logical analysis of structure or action. An organization is not an information-processing machine that is composed of small tasks to carry out a given task, but an organic configuration of ba. Ba, which is conceptualized as a shared context in motion, can transcend time, space, and organization boundaries to create knowledge.     

From knowledge theory to management practice: towards an integrated approach

This paper critically contrasts the three main schools of thought on knowledge – namely, those that respectively conceptualize knowledge as situated in mind, process, and object – and assesses the resulting implications for knowledge management (KM). Against the background of the existing diversity of definitions of KM an integrated and holistic view of the KM value chain is put forward. Within this theoretical framework five main research streams (culture, knowledge location, awareness, evaluation, and absorption) are identified with a view to devising a practical concept of KM applicable in a business context. With a focus on knowledge flow and detailed approaches to potential solutions, conflicts and compatibilities between existing business strategies and KM are examined. A conceptual model is devised to offer a holistic integration of the theoretical and practical themes in order to serve as a framework for developing a future research agenda for the development of theoretically grounded, yet practical, KM business tools and applications.     

The three facets of knowledge: A critique of the practice-based learning theory

The community of practice learning theory (Lave and Wenger, 1991) can be credited with establishing the social basis of learning, viewing it as occurring through participation in social practices and activities. However, it remains silent on the cognitive content of what is learned by participants in a community of practice. Nor does it address explicitly the role of individuals in the knowing process. Individuals are merely depicted in terms of a desire to belong to a community, progressing from a peripheral participation position to a more central one. The aim of the present paper is to assess the contribution of Lave and Wenger's (1991) practice theory for educational and other learning social settings. In a schooling context, for instance, Lave and Wenger's (1991) account of learning would imply that what students learn at school is how to relate and belong to the school community. By reducing learning and knowing to participation, and by displacing cognition from individuals to anonymous practices, the practice-based epistemology ignores the significant corpus of content knowledge (such as curriculums) and ascribes too passive a role to individuals and glosses over their differentiated access to resources for changing practices and their differentiated efforts in their social and cognitive development. The present paper suggests an approach to knowledge that takes into account the various facets of knowledge, that is, knowledge as knowledge-productive practices, as content, and as relation to a knowing subject, at the same time preserving the sociality of knowledge and learning.     

Innovating strategically in information and knowledge management: Applications of organizational behavior theory

A business school declares its strategy as becoming a leading European institution. As main vehicle for achieving recognition is the implementation of a top-down strategy naming five academic fields as key – (a) finance, (b) economics, (c) marketing, (d) law, accounting, and auditing, and (e) organizational behavior (OB). Top management allocates resources for research, academic activities, and positions to these five strategically chosen areas. Academic areas that are not strategically named must generate their own income through educational programs and research grants. Can OB serve as the platform to ensure the survival of IS/KMS? In our analysis, we found no other business school formulating a strategy along these lines; dominating strategic themes are internationalization, research excellence, and student environment. No academic field is singled out as strategic. We argue that selecting a few academic areas as a strategy is dysfunctional. We also found that OB is not very actively employed in research, be it positioning, theory, research model, analysis, or discussion. Hence, we do not find that OB offers any theorizing help to IS/KMS – this in contrast to innovation and change theories, for which we propose an framework as a means of defining IS/KMS research projects.     

Multiple intelligence theory,knowledge identification and trust

This paper presents the results of introducing management students to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences as a means of increasing respect for the knowledge and abilities of others, which in turn, may increase levels of trust in the ability of others, willingness to share knowledge and trust in equity of knowledge exchanges. The results indicate that most of the participants agreed that the theory raised their awareness of the knowledge of others as well as respect for the knowledge of others and trust in the abilities of others to provide knowledge, willingness of others to share knowledge and trust in an equitable exchange in knowledge sharing. However, large numbers of participants indicated that they remained unsure about the potential effects of their new knowledge on trust. Suggestions for more extensive and intensive research to test the effects of the theory and the proposed model are put forward.     

基于知识组合理论的技术机会发现

本文以2011-2015年间纳米能源领域的8184个专利为例,提出了一种基于知识组合理论的技术机会发现新方法。知识组合理论认为,创新源于知识元素的组合,具体包括对已有知识元素组合的再利用和探索新的知识元素组合两种方式。一方面,本文应用关联规则对专利数据进行挖掘,用信息熵对所提取的关联规则进行筛选,从而得出具有较大再利用价值的知识元素组合;另一方面,本文提出了一个评估知识元素间新组合的可能性的公式,进而得出具有较大组合潜力的新知识元素组合。基于两种方式所得到的知识元素组合,我们分析出了纳米能源领域三个重要的研发方向,并以2017年7月至2018年6月间的专利数据验证了所提出的方法的有效性。     

价值性差异、知识域结构与知识计量研究——基于知识的一般性经济原理

 知识分类的混沌现象,不能较好解释知识的动态转化与经济之间的关系。因此,根据知识拥有的主体不同,从异质动态多样性、层次性、结构性并反映知识价值差异性特征角度,对具有整合、交易价值属性的不同层次、不同形态的同质知识和异质知识,按照时间序列和空间结构关系,从静态到动态螺旋上升整合过程,提出了可用于规范经济学理论阐述的静态知识、静态点知识、个体动态点知识、个体结构知识、个体边际结构知识、组织结构知识、组织边际结构知识等知识域纳入到经济学原理框架下分析、评价和计量,并揭示了知识租金在相对溢出和绝对溢出效应影响下,知识经济战略选择是专业化技术跳跃的创新产品知识速度经济→持续改进与学习的知识固本规模经济→研发专业化更新产品的速度经济交替循环战略发展组合过程,是知识经济规模总量与速度经济净增加量交替转换竞争战略关系.     

组织知识创新能力开发的内在心智基础测度与实证分析

 本文基于组织共享心智模型的视角,构建了一套用于测评组织共享心智模型对组织知识创新能力开发作用的量表体系,并对其进行了实证检验。这组测评体系共包括21个指标,构成了组织隐性知识共享水平、组织内在价值意义共享水平、组织成员认知学习能力、组织成员知识吸收能力、组织成员知识转化能力和组织知识创新能力开发水平等6个纬度。实证检验结果显示其具有较高的测评信度和效度,基于该量表所测评的组织共享心智模型对组织知识创新能力开发水平具有显著影响。研究结论为今后进一步探明组织知识创新行为的内在运作机制提供了一个新的分析工具,也为当前各级组织加强自身内在隐性知识资源的开发指明了一个具体的方向。     

基于复杂理论的知识创造机理研究

本文把复杂理论与知识创造相结合,提出基于复杂理论的知识创造机理。文章运用这一机理分别对促进知识创造的正例和抑制知识创造的反例进行了分析。分析表明:在影子系统和合法系统的作用下,清华同方核技术公司占据了创造性空间,获得知识创造;而不适应性学习的存在、影子系统和合法系统对创新的规避,致使成都某电缆公司不能占据创造性空间,从而抑制知识创造。     

用SPA同异反系统理论研究知识创新规律

知识是一个系统 ,知识创新是知识系统演化的一项重要内容。知识创新有其自身的规律 ,用SPA同异反系统理论研究知识创新规律是非常有意义的一个课题