美国州际高等教育协调与合作机制及其启示

州际高等教育协定和州际学费互惠协议,是美国州际高等教育协调与合作机制的两种主要形式。其作用主要包括实现区域高等教育合作和资源共享,解决州际高等教育矛盾和争端,帮助制定和实施区域性高等教育政策,扩大高等教育入学机会。美国的做法对我国建立区域高等教育协调与合作机制具有重要的启示意义。     

州立奖学金对美国高等教育入学机会的影响

从20世纪80年代以来,美国大学生资助政策发生了变化,州政府资助的主要方式从基于需要的助学金转移到基于优秀的奖学金,州奖学金项目获得极大关注。据此,美国很多州设立了本州的奖学金项目,这给学生的高等教育入学机会造成了极大的消极影响。同时,也给我国提供了一些借鉴和启示。     

西方国家高等教育学费政策的变化及其影响--以英国、澳大利亚、爱尔兰和美国为例

20世纪90年代以来高等教育学费政策在许多国家发生了很大变化,这些变化对高等教育的发展产生了重要影响.以英国、澳大利亚、爱尔兰和美国等国为例,英国学费政策实施时间虽短但处于不断调整之中;澳大利亚毕业后付费政策在世界上独树一帜;爱尔兰反其道而行之,取消学费效果最终如何?美国引领世界高等教育潮流,学费不断上涨结果如何?是什么因素影响学费政策的变化?这些国家学费政策变化最终会产生什么影响?     

泰国高等教育的入世战略对策

泰国是第一批入世并对教育服务作出承诺的国家之一.为应对这一挑战,其教育特别是高等教育采取了一系列很有成效的战略对策,本文对此做了比较详尽的介绍和评述.     

Social Presence Online: Networking Learners at a Distance

This paper draws on two studies which researched the use of online small group environments where collaborative learning is a central structure for learning. The establishment of social presence is facilitated through the socio-affective aspect of small group interaction which contributed to the effectiveness of learning online. Social presence, the ability of online learners to project themselves into a textual environment which has few visual or contextual cues, will be explored as an important element in facilitating effective online learning. The teacher's role in helping students project their online social presence and in establishing an environment for learning within the larger group computer conference will also be discussed.     

从高职入口看我国高等职业教育改革

我国现有高职入口模式“门槛高”、“面向窄”,不适应职业教育的发展方向。我们要改革高职入口模式,坚持以考查职业技能为主,面向全民,建立相关改革配套措施,推动全民职业素质的提高。     

Writers' retreats for academics: exploring and increasing the motivation to write

This paper examines the literature on academic writing and collaborative learning and proposes, in the light of this literature, that the introduction of writers' retreats for academics represents a valuable professional development opportunity. It is argued that such an intervention can be an important initiative, helping to support more productive patterns of academic writing among participating academics. Findings gathered during a writers' retreat are presented, focusing on the positive and negative perspectives that participating academics expressed about writing for publication. The format and the structure of the retreat are described, along with the impact that such an intervention can be argued to have made on participants. Finally, a conceptual map is presented which relates the experiences and insights of the retreat to the ‘motivation to write’ among academics.     

中国远程高等教育试点过程中的问题与对策

对高等教育现代远程教育试点工作出现的问题,提出扩大试点范围,分层次进行现代远程教育、回购优秀教学资源,免费发布实现共享,打破壁垒和构建分散交互式学习服务体系,形成符合网络环境的教学支持系统等对策,以期不断地改进现代远程教育试点工作。     

Effects of a college access program for youth underrepresented in higher education: A randomized experiment

This article describes EXCEL, a program that encourages youth underrepresented in higher education to enroll in higher education, specifically at the sponsoring university. Eighty-three eighth grade students with GPA of B and above and standardized test scores at grade level or above were randomly assigned to the program or to a control group. The program guaranteed a scholarship to the sponsoring university and provided enrichment activities throughout high school. Program students were more likely to enroll at the sponsoring university than were control students. However, program and control students enrolled in higher education at rates that did not differ significantly. No differences were detected in self-esteem or high school GPA. Program students desired more education than control students. The results suggest that scholarship incentive and support programs that target average to above average achieving students in the eighth grade may not raise the overall number of aspiring minority youth attending college, but may be useful to specific universities to raise their minority enrollment.     

远程高等教育收益的部门和地区差异分析

本研究采用一项全国范围的入户调查数据,使用经济学中经典的明瑟收入方程实证探究学习者通过远程高等教育获得的收益在部门和地区层面的差异。实证研究结果显示:非公共部门的远程高等教育收益显著高于公共部门的远程高等教育收益,这说明远程高等教育具有明显的人力资本特征。在地区层面,西部地区的教育收益最高,这进一步支持了前期的相关研究,即远程高等教育对经济弱势群体的收入促进作用更大。     

学生对现代远程开放教育学习适应性的探讨

分析了现代远程开放教育学生的学习动机、学习心理、学习能力、工学矛盾等特点;根据特点,探讨了学生对现代远程开放教育学习的认识程度、适应状况和调动学习积极性及优化支持服务等问题,以提高开放教育的质量。     

我国不同社会阶层少数民族的高等教育入学机会差异分析

从家庭所处社会阶层、父母受教育程度、家庭收入三方面对少数民族高等教育入学机会差异的实证研究表明:不同社会阶层少数民族接受高等教育的机会及学校的层次、类型有显著差异;在一般公办本科院校中,少数民族的社会阶层差异最小;在公办高职高专院校中,学生父母受教育程度的差异最小;家庭收入高低对于少数民族是否进入民办院校就读有一定影响。     

解读远程教育的距离

“距离”是远程教育的基本概念,它一方面是远程教育产生的基础,为远程教育带来传统教育不可比拟的优势,另一方面又对远程教育的质量带来巨大的挑战。远程教育的“距离”是一个内涵丰富的概念,而且是随着学习者学习进程而不断变化的。