The Concept of Pastoral Care: A Genealogical Analysis

This article considers the implications of a small‐scale research project, undertaken by the authors, which used the example of the Massage in Schools Programme (a simple peer massage programme) to ascertain whether the planned use of touch‐based activity can support the growth of social and emotional skills in the primary classroom. Such claims are considered within the context of a modern society that is ill at ease with touch. Data, including observations of children and interviews with children and staff, were collected in two primary school classrooms pre, during and post the introduction of a six‐week massage programme, led by Massage in Schools practitioners. The findings of this project demonstrate that the number of social relationships reported by children did increase post intervention. The article goes on to consider the possible mechanisms by which this was achieved and features of the classroom context that may mediate the impact of the intervention. The authors conclude that a touch‐based intervention such as the Massage in Schools Programme may have a positive and potentially educational value for children and schools and support the growth of social and emotional skills.     

Mission,faith and management: Co-constructing leadership in a Beacon Lower School

The Beacon scheme was devised by the Department for Education and Employment as a project ‘specifically designed to help raise standards in schools through the sharing and spread of good practice’ (DfEE, 1999a). The article outlines the nature of the Beacon Schools Scheme and examines and delineates some of the management processes in one such school, a Church Aided Lower School, in one of the largest towns in the UK. As a central contention the article argues that the ubiquitous management paradigm of ‘collegiality’ is neither a sufficient nor an accurate representation of effective models of school leadership. An alternative conception of ‘co-constructed leadership’ is suggested which may provide equal benefits in legitimating leadership decisions, whilst at the same time enabling the exercise of appropriate ‘authority’ by school leaders.     

英国公学的办学模式对我国民办教育的启示

英国公学独具特色的办学模式,为英国培养了一批批社会精英人才,成为英国乃至世界中等教育的典范.文章从公学独特的管理体制、办学理念以及寄宿制度等几方面进行介绍分析,并针对我国民办教育的具体情况,探析公学的成功办学对我国民办教育在办学理念、培养目标、寄宿制度管理等方面的启示.     

英国布朗首相执政后教育管理机构的变化

2007年6月底英国布朗政府执政后,对教育管理制度进行改革,将原有的教育和技能部重组并拆分成儿童、学校和家庭部及创新、大学和技能部。随之相关的职能也发生了变化,文章将在回顾英国教育部变迁历史的基础上,对新成立的两个部的职能进行简要介绍。     

Policy,philanthropy and profit: the OECD’s PISA for Schools and new modes of heterarchical educational governance

This paper examines the development and administration of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) for Schools – a new testing instrument of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development – to demonstrate the relevance of heterarchical processes to educational governance. Drawing suggestively across new ‘relational’ thinking around policy networks, and new spatialities associated with globalisation, the research shows how PISA for Schools helps constitute new spaces and relations of, and for, educational governance. Informed by policy documents and interviews conducted with 33 key actors across the PISA for Schools policy cycle, I show how PISA for Schools typifies contemporary educational policy-making and governance via the export of ‘statework’ to private actors and agencies, including intergovernmental organisations, philanthropic foundations and edu-businesses. I conclude by considering how treating PISA for Schools, and other similar education services, as a ‘product’ produces a potentially dangerous blurring of public and private benefits, with the potential that (private) profit might ultimately trump (public) education.     

Professionalism and competing responsibilities: moderating competitive performativity in school autonomy reform

Discourses promoting the benefits of school autonomy have floated freely internationally since moves in the 1980s to greater devolution in the UK, New Zealand, the USA, Australia and Sweden. The most recent Australian version, Independent Public Schools (IPS), grants school leaders more latitude over aspects of their work. But this autonomy is constrained by technologies of competitive performativity, now the norm across Australian and other school systems. Entrepreneurial policies focused on competition, compliance and improved performance make schools, their leaders and teachers, more responsible to external accountabilities. At the same time, autonomy is creatively exercised by leaders due to public service orientations associated with traditional teacher professionalism. This analysis of two Australian case studies of IPS, a secondary school in Queensland and a primary school in Western Australia, illustrates how school leaders navigate conflicting demands of the audit and performance culture by exercising autonomy according to differing notions of professional responsibility, disrupting and moderating the more inequitable priorities and effects prevalent in many performative systems.     

The application of a strategic management model to the internationalization of higher education institutions

The growth of international activities within higher education institutions takes place in a number of different ways ranging from the ad hoc (reactive) to the strategic (proactive). This paper draws on an earlier (1993) empirical study by the author of UK Business Schools in order to identify the key elements within any process of internationalization and to provide a framework for assessing levels of international activity within institutions. It concludes with an introductory model of internationalization which is to form the basis for future work. The paper is written from a UK perspective but can be adapted for the analysis of educational institutions in other countries and other subject areas.Abbreviations CATS Credit Accumulation and Transfer Schemes - CNAA Council for National Academic Awards - EAIE European Association of International Education - EC European Commission - ECTS European Credit Transfer Scheme - EFMD European Foundation for Management Development - ERASMUS European Community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students (EC programme) - HE Higher Education - MBA Master of Business Administration - TEMPUS Trans-European Mobility Scheme for University Studies (EC programme) - UK United Kingdom - UKCOSA United Kingdom Council for Overseas Student Affairs     

英国大学交叉学科建设——以苏塞克斯大学为例

自20世纪80年代始,交叉学科建设在英国进入全盛发展期,作为新大学代表的苏塞克斯大学成为英国跨学科建设与发展取得突出成果的典范。苏塞克斯大学采取“学群结构制”实现教学组织的创新,以设立“研究主题”模式促进学科课程整合,开展创造性跨学科科研与教学。在经费支持方面,苏塞克斯大学采取“启动网络”资助和研究主题资助等方式支持交叉学科发展。     

英国教育改革新动向：学校和家长将享有更多的权利

2005年10月25日,英国教育与技能部公布了题为《为了全体学生:更高的标准,更好的学校》的白皮书,其主要内容是改革教育体制,给学校更大的自由,给家长更多的权利,为每个孩子提供优质的教育。     

The Letterbox Club: the impact on looked-after children and their carers of a national project aimed at raising achievements in literacy for children aged 7 to 11 in foster care

This paper considers the initial impact of a national project funded by the Department for Children, Schools and Families which provides books, number activities and stationery items (once a month over a 6-month period) directly to children aged 7–11 in their foster homes. The context of the project, established against a background of low attainment in literacy among looked-after children in foster care in the UK, is explored. This paper focuses explicitly on the impact of the reading materials on the children who received them and on other people within the children's foster care environment. Particular reference is made to issues of ownership, textual preference and use of or engagement with the reading books, together with the implications that these findings may have for future work in this field both nationally and internationally.     

加强西医专业《针灸推拿学》实验教学初探

就目前西医专业针灸推拿学的实验教学现状进行客观分析,并探索针灸推拿学实验教学改革的措施,以提高学生学习的兴趣和效果,更好地促进针灸推拿学的实验教学。     

香港中学增值指标的发展与应用

增值是学生实际成绩与预期成绩的差异。香港中学增值指标是香港＂学校质素保证架构＂中学校表现的指标体系之一。香港学校增值数据系统建基于在美、英等国普遍采用的多层模型,能分别估计学校层面和学生层面的增值,反映学校特定年级整体学生学业增值情况。学校亦可通过登入系统编制各种报告,包括与全港学校、相类生源学校及同区学校的比较报告,从增值数据中了解问题,改善教与学。     

Counter-narratives of educational excellence: free schools,success, and community-based schooling

The notion of ‘competitive excellence’ is an enduring cornerstone of UK educational policy. Most recently, expanding and adapting New Labour’s Academy project with the introduction of free schools, the Coalition’s approach advances and embeds competitive market-based forms of community engagement in education. Responding to this policy paradigm, this paper draws upon history in order to open up the notion of excellence. Through examining alternative practices of achievement and success in histories of community education, I aim to disturb the unquestioned attachment of educational excellence to the ideals of competitive meritocracy. Comparing across two community educational movements – Socialist Sunday Schools (established 1892) and Black Saturday Schools (established 1968) – I explore how achievement and excellence have been mobilised to very different educational aims. In distinct times and circumstances, both of these community initiatives practiced versions of educational achievement that challenged dominant knowledge hierarchies and underlying assumptions of incapability.     

The gift of an interval: Michael Oakeshott's idea of a university education

Abstract

This paper considers the arguments put forward for the closure of small schools in rural areas. The debate, which is firmly rooted in the Plowden Report (1967), has involved both educational and economic arguments. The research on which this paper draws examines these arguments in the light of the implementation of the Local Management of Schools in three local authorities in the UK since 1988 and discusses the impact which this policy has had on resource provision, on the changing role of staff and on the daily functioning of small rural schools.     

创建世界一流的学校教育体系——英国学校白皮书《教学的重要性》解读及其启示

《教学的重要性:学校白皮书2010》 的颁布标志着英国力争创建世界一流的学校教育体系的教育发展愿景进入实质性改革阶段.白皮书指出:英国将从促进教师专业发展、提高校长领导素质、推进课程评估改革、创建新型学校制度和加大学校经费投入等几个方面来着手推进基础教育阶段学校教育体系的全面改革.这些举措为我国当前基础教育改革与发展提供了有益启示.     

From “Producing” to “Consuming” Research: Incorporating Evidence-Based Practice Into Advanced Research Courses in a Master of Social Work Program

Schools of social work have begun to explore teaching evidence-based practice (EBP) across their curriculum. Although the current literature offers ideas on how to incorporate EBP in foundation research and practice courses, the literature seems nonexistent on how to teach EBP in an advanced research sequence, which could clearly address the widespread criticism that research courses are unsuccessful in making the practice–research link more apparent. This article describes the transition of one school from a “producing research” curriculum focus to an EBP focus, which embraces consuming research. In the present article, the authors discuss the benefits and struggles associated with these two different approaches.     

当前美、英、日三国学校评估的新特点及启示

本文采用Why、What、How框架,分析美国不让一个孩子掉队——蓝带学校计划、英国每个孩子都重要视导框架以及日本义务教育学校评估指南,发现美英日三国学校评估呈现出一些新特点:(1)在评估功能上兼顾问责与改进;(2)重视学生的发展与成就;(3)强调与家庭及校外的联系;(4)加强学校自我评估。这些新特点在一定程度上代表了当前学校评估领域的新趋势,对我国学校评估工作具有启示意义。     

Against standardised experience: leaving our marks on the palimpsests of disciplinary knowledge

This article attempts to establish the scope of critical management education in a formal educational setting. It is based on an empirical study of 24 academic staffs’ experience of engaging critical management education in four UK University Business Schools. The study seems to show that there are significant barriers to and potential pitfalls in introducing critical management education in a formal higher educational setting. The problems seem to be attributable to the institutionalised assessment rules and regulations, marketisation of higher education, power embedded in the professional roles of university teachers, learning styles and cultural diversity of students, and classroom practices required to support critical teaching and learning. Critical management education requires labour intensive pedagogy, and the approach is not to be recommended to Business Schools that are constrained by resources and experiencing low staff morale, otherwise it may generates individual self-doubt and cynicism.     

中英两国教师专业标准对比解析

教师专业发展标准是规范教师专业发展活动的准则,是提高教育质量的保障。2007年,英国颁布了新的《合格教师专业标准》,它从教师专业素质、专业知识和理解、专业技能三个方面明确界定了教师专业素质的结构,强调了教师专业的社会性、综合性和动态性。2012年初中国颁布了教师专业标准的试行稿,从教师的专业理念和师德、专业知识和专业能力三个方面定义了教师的专业性。与英国的教师专业标准相比,中国的标准还应关注教师专业学科结构的综合性,教师专业发展过程中的能动性,以及教师专业标准一体化的建立,从而确保教师专业的可持续发展。