共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
田平 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2005,(6):105-109
符号计算主义的意向实在论论证的要点,是表明具有语义性质的命题态度的因果效力。然而,在这里,命题态度的因果效力是通过命题态度的句法性质而得到论证的。这就给符号计算主义的意向实在论论证带来了问题:命题态度的语义性质如何能够对认知系统的行为具有因果相关性?语义性质的因果效力问题是意向实在论论证的关键所在。因此,符号计算主义对意向实在论的论证是不成功的。 相似文献
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许波 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2003,2(5):82-85
进化心理学(evolutionary psychology)是近10多年来在当代西方心理学中出现的一种新的研究取向,其产生有着深刻的心理学背景,主要包括对传统标准社会科学模式的反对、对统合心理学理论构建的关注和对认知心理学信息加工载体的活化。 相似文献
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论高级学习素质的养成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
郑延才 《教学研究(河北)》2002,25(2):109-110,175
依据马克思主义的认识观与方法论,从教育科学和学习科学理论的视角出发,论述了高级学习素质的内涵;重点讨论了高级学习素质的养成的诸要素;并从高级人才市场争夺战的角度论述了学习素质的重要性,在阐述学习科学属性的基础上,提出了“社会每个单元(包括个人)都应成为学习社会的一个学习细胞”的理念。 相似文献
4.
当代认知心理学的学习观及教学启示 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
黄天元 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2002,1(4):109-112
认知心理学是当代心理学发展的主流,对教育产生了巨大的影响。认知心理学学习观主要有:学习是个体主动构建的过程,学习者已有的知识经验是学习的充分条件,对信息的认知加工和相应的策略是学习的必要条件,元认知对认知过程的意识和调控影响学习的顺利进行,动机指导着个体的学习。据此,现代教学实践应改变传统的学生观,教学过程中要加强学生的研究、学生学习策略和元认知能力的培养,教学评价也应注意学生学习过程的评价。 相似文献
5.
Sun-Geun Baek 《Educational Psychology Review》1994,6(4):373-389
The purpose of this review is to examine views about learning and the learner grounded in cognitive psychology and to discuss their implications for educational testing. The new perspectives about learning and the learner suggested by cognitive psychology imply changes in educational testing. The first part of this paper compares perspectives about learning and the learner in cognitive psychology with traditional perspectives. The second part describes its implications for educational testing. The goals of educational testing should be the improvement of learning and instruction, achieving these goals in the real society, and a symbiotic relationship between cognitive psychologists and traditionalists in educational testing. 相似文献
6.
进化教育心理学是探讨人类学习和教育的新的理论视角,其核心观点是有效干预教学以保证学生获得生物次级能力,适应现代社会的生活。进化教育心理学在学生认知发展和学习动机方面提出了与建构主义理论不同的观点,不仅为进一步理解学习与教学提供了新的视角,也为解决一些令人困惑的教育问题提供了可行的理论框架。 相似文献
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This thesis is a probe into the three main theoretical basis of self-access language learning construetivism, humanistic psychology, and cognitive psychology. All of them emphasize the principle and significance of studentcenteredness rather than teacher-centeredness. The core principle they share inspires the; concept of self-access and enhances its development. 相似文献
9.
《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(5):667-687
This paper seeks to explain learning by examining five theories of learning—conceptual analysis, behavioural, constructivist, computational and connectionist. The first two are found wanting and rejected. Piaget's constructivist theory offers a general explanatory framework (assimilation and accommodation) but fails to provide an adequate account of the empirical mechanisms of learning. Two theories from cognitive science offering rival explanations of learning are finally considered; it is argued that the brain is not like a computer so the computational model is rejected in favour of a neurally‐based connectionist model of learning. 相似文献
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学生的学习心理对科学的学习具有重要影响。从营造良好的课堂氛围、培养学生学习科学的兴趣等策略出发,构建了适应学生、激发激励学生主体参与学习的科学课教学模式。 相似文献
12.
“基于脑的教育”理论述评 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章从“基于脑的教育”概念、理论基础及教学思想等方面对“基于脑的教育”进行评述与剖析,认为该模式对于促进脑科学与教育的连接、将认知心理学的研究成果转化为教育实践、批判工厂式教育模式有一定的作用。但“基于脑的教育”在脑结构研究成果的基础上直接推论出学生的学习行为,或者在对脑科学研究成果不恰当解释的基础上提出课堂教学建议的做法,造成了某些“神经科学谬误”的流传。同时,“基于脑的教育”提出的许多概括性主张还没有得到脑科学的证明。 相似文献
13.
进化心理学是用进化的观点来研究人类心理机制的一种新思潮,是生物科学和认知科学的交叉学科。其从认知心理学吸取了知识加工的心理机制学说,用自然选择的原则来解释人类信息加工心理机制形成及其发展过程,将系统整体论的思想贯穿于心理学研究,建构了不同于传统心理学的理论范式,为心理科学提供了新的世界观图景和方法论原则。 相似文献
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In this study, we defined and quantified the degree of cognitive conflict induced by a discrepant event from a cognitive perspective. Based on the scheme developed, we investigated the relationship between cognitive conflict and conceptual change, and the influences of students' cognitive characteristics on conflict in learning the concept of density. Subjects were 171 seventh-grade girls from two city middle schools in Korea. Tests regarding logical thinking ability, field dependence/independence, and meaningful learning approach were administered. A preconception test and a test of responses to a discrepant event were also administered. Computer-assisted instruction was then provided to students as a conceptual change intervention. A conception test was administered as a posttest. In analysing students' responses to the discrepant event, seven types of responses were identified: Rejection, reinterpretation, exclusion, uncertainty, peripheral belief change, belief decrease, and belief change. These types were then ordered into four levels. The results indicated that there existed a significant correlation between cognitive conflict and conceptual change. t-test results revealed that there were statistically significant differences in the degree of cognitive conflict by the levels of students' logical thinking ability and field dependence/independence. Meaningful learning approach, however, was found to have no statistically significant effect on cognitive conflict. Educational implications are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Alicia R. Chodkiewicz 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2014,30(1):78-87
This paper looks at current research into how thinking influences learning. How people explain to themselves why they fail and succeed inevitably impacts on how well they learn new skills. Researchers have been developing attribution retraining programmes targeted at improving student academic achievement and learning experience through the promotion of positive thinking. These findings can often be found in scientific psychological journals far removed from the educational practitioners and learning environments they attempt to influence. This paper introduces the educational practitioner to the principles underlying attribution theory. The potential benefits of incorporating attribution retraining programmes into the school curriculum are then outlined and the future of this area for both researchers and educational psychologists alike is discussed. 相似文献
16.
王默 《青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2011,(4):57-62
土族民间存在着很多独具特色的民间信仰,这些民间信仰是土族传统文化的重要组成部分。其中丰产信仰、生殖崇拜、家神崇拜最为广泛和典型。本文试从民族心理学的角度入手,解读其中具有代表性的民间信仰,以探讨土族民间信仰产生的心理因素。 相似文献
17.
应用CNKI检索近20年来中国学者在宗教心理、民俗心理、迷信心理研究方面的相关文献,并手工查阅相关书籍,总结国内学者对宗教、民俗、迷信心理的研究成果,以期对进一步的研究有所启示。 相似文献
18.
林红 《开封教育学院学报》2005,25(2):52-54
本文概括总结了教育心理学中行为主义心理学、认知主义心理学、人本主义心理学的主要理论观点,并进一步论述了这些理论对英语教学的指导作用和实际应用。 相似文献
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韩雷 《宁波广播电视大学学报》2004,2(4):9-11,29
本论文从“围城”外和“围城”内的民俗心理冲突出发,来分析它们对小说故事情节和人物命运的影响,进而对小说主题进行重新解读;而“围城”民俗意象恰好象征了民俗心理冲突的必然结果,从而把“围城”内外的民俗心理冲突联结在一起,使小说主题得到深化。 相似文献
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为了改变科学课程学习内容零散且缺乏衔接的现状,学习进阶成为了国际科学教育研究的热点议题。对学习进阶的研究系统追踪学生的认知发展过程,为科学教育中标准设计、课程开发、学业评价和教师培训等多个系统的整合提供了统一框架。基于文献综述并结合自身研究经验,并从学习进阶的定义、进阶研究的基础、进阶研究的模式和研究成果的应用四个方面展开分析讨论后发现:科学教育界对学习进阶内涵理解上的差异逐渐消弭,进阶研究在描述学生认知发展过程上取得了阶段性的成果并在向着精细化发展,在学习进阶中融合知识学习与能力培养、学习进阶与教学实践的交互影响等将是后续研究的核心议题。 相似文献