少数电影：理论概念和批评实践

尽管德勒兹的电影著作未及处理1980年代以来、欧美经典脉络之外的丰富而多样的电影形态,但是他所贡献的一些概念和思考仍具有进一步拓展＂时间—影像＂之后的电影研究的理论潜力。本文围绕＂少数电影＂的论题,梳理了从德勒兹的理论原点到后来不同学者的批评应用。这些批评应用包括弗雷德里克.詹姆逊对好莱坞美学体系下＂对抗性的现实主义＂的讨论,达德利.安德鲁挪用＂游牧＂这一德勒兹术语对西非电影的考察,以及张英进为理解新时期中国电影而从不同的理论来源引入的＂少数＂话语,它们与德勒兹的问题意识之间建立起一种富于启发性的对话关系。这些批评实践反过来对德勒兹的理论术语和思想框架也构成了某种协商或修订。     

重新“发现”叶圣陶

叶圣陶教育思想,存在着三种来自不同方向的"遮蔽",这种"遮蔽"事实上影响了人们对其内涵、价值和意义的认读。叶圣陶教育思想的总纲,即"为人生"的教育本质观,从而形成自己的素质教育观、教学哲学观、学生主体观、全面发展观、语文教育观、师表风范观。清晰辨认叶圣陶教育思想的历史方位,对今天的教育改革和发展具有重大而深远的意义。     

Secondary students’ modelling conceptualisation in situations related to particle dynamics: a clinical perspective

This study investigates the modelling conceptualisation of secondary school students in two situations related to particle dynamics: pendulum’s motion and horizontal motion. We performed in-depth clinical interviews with secondary school students (N?=?10). Participants’ ideas about properties which are not ‘given’ in empirical observations were explored in order to investigate signs of abstractions and idealisations in their reasoning processes. We proposed contributions to modelling in science education based on Mario Bunge’s epistemology and we employed his basic concepts as the axis to analyse our results: (1) abstractions and idealisations, considered as thought processes required to build conceptual counterparts of concrete objects; (2) theoretical models, meaning hypothetico-deductive systems concerning those conceptual objects; and (3) general theoretical frameworks that allow us to derive those theoretical models. We developed our analysis viewing the ideas presented by participants as concepts-in-action and theorems-in-action as regarded by Gérard Vergnaud’s Theory of Conceptual Fields. Results indicated a gradation in the concepts-in-action mobilised in terms of levels of idealisation and showed that participants do not spontaneously recognise the use of a general theory as a possible way to obtain a theoretical model. These results suggest that science education practices must pay better attention to make abstractions and idealisations explicit in scientific concepts formation, as well as to the heuristic role of theories in model construction.     

麻省理工学院全球化战略的实践模型及其镜鉴

麻省理工学院以国际化的高度来定位使命,是全球国际化程度最高的世界一流大学。根据简·纳特的教育国际化理论,经过梳理其国际化理念和实践模式,凝练出全球化战略的理论模型,即“四位一体”的基本模型、以点带面的延展模型及以干拓枝的网络模型,厘清了其模型框架下国际化战略的内在运行机制和实施路径。其模型化的国际化实践对我国现阶段的高等教育国际化发展有着极其重要的镜鉴作用。     

Comparing conceptual text and documenting photos. Researching Outdoor Education in the Context of Reichwein’s Progressive Teaching and Rousseau’s Émile

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the historic ideas and practice of outdoor education, as developed in Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Émile, and realized by Adolf Reichwein's rural teaching practice. We aimed at developing a comprehensive research design, triangulating different qualitative data (text and photos). In the paper, we explore how the idea of place-based outdoor education unfolded in Rousseaús Émile, and how Adolf Reichwein, in rural Tiefensee, enacted the practice of place-based outdoor education. We also investigate how to correlate different types of qualitative data (conceptual text and documentary photos). We show that it is possible to develop a research language, revealing how a philosophy of education can be enacted as educational practice, and our analysis demonstrates that Rousseaús and Reichwein’s works functioned as precursors for outdoor education and educational concepts, that activate the cognitive, affective, and motoric domains.     

Putting threshold concepts to work in health sciences: insights for curriculum design from a qualitative research synthesis

The idea of threshold concepts (TC) has been well received across the higher education community. However the concept’s framework is still evolving and the literature uses the framework in different ways. Just over a decade since the idea first captured interest, it is opportune to explore the nature of that discourse, and the kinds of enquiry undertaken to date. This article reports on a qualitative synthesis that analyses published research on TC in health sciences. It provides a fresh perspective on the literature to identify key themes. Inducting students into complex practices; beyond concepts and developing students’ agency, are the three themes to arise from our findings. These themes offer insights on the ways TC have been used to develop scholarly curriculum, teaching and learning practices. They not only reflect the concerns of the community, but represent a set of empirically based principles for curriculum and course design.     

Enhancing Established Counting Routines to Promote Place-Value Understanding: An Empirical Study in Early Elementary Classrooms

Understanding place value is a critical and foundational competency for elementary mathematics. Classroom teachers who endeavor to promote place-value development adopt a variety of established practices to varying degrees of effectiveness. In parallel, researchers have validated models of how young children acquire place-value understanding. Faced with competing demands, teachers may resist abrupt, disruptive, or time-intensive changes to existing practices. In this study, we explore ways of introducing changes in pedagogical supports that minimally disrupt existing classroom routines that nonetheless offer potential gains in children’s understanding of base-ten number concepts. Specifically, we examine the impact of modifying how teachers demonstrate and discuss representations of the ten-for-one structure during the familiar “Days in School” counting routine on young children’s place-value understanding. We report on a 2-year longitudinal study of a cohort of students beginning in grade one, conducted in nine classrooms across a control school and a treatment school. We describe the modifications in the counting routine and report the results of children’s development of base-ten number concepts. The percentage of children who identified base-ten number concepts was three times higher for the children in the treatment group than for the children in the control group. Moreover, nearly twice as many children in the treatment group as compared with the control group advanced beyond a concatenated single-digit conception by the end of second grade when counting two-digit quantities. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our findings for early elementary mathematics education more generally.     

Developing a pedagogy of teacher education using self-study: A rhizomatic examination of negotiating learning and practice

This self-study of teacher education practices examines the processes of developing a pedagogy of teacher education. Drawing on multiple data sources (video and audio, reflective diary, and focus groups), we used concepts from rhizomatics to explore the question, “How does a teacher educator negotiate his learning and practice as he develops a pedagogy of teacher education?” We explicate the complexity of teacher education learning by showing how a conflux of interactive elements co-produce a teacher educator’s practice. This encourages us to introduce the metaphor of “orchestration” as a way of conceptualizing teacher educator practice and pedagogy.     

What it Means to be a Stranger to Oneself

In adult education there is always a problem of prefabricated and in many respect fixed opinions and views of the world. In this sense, I will argue, that the starting point of radical education should be in the destruction of these walls of belief that people build around themselves in order to feel safe. In this connection I will talk about ‘gentle shattering of identities’ as a problem and a method of radical education. When we as adult educators are trying to gently shatter these solidified identities and pre‐packed ways of being and acting in the world, we are moving in the field of questions that Sigmund Freud tackled with the concepts of ‘de‐personalization’ and ‘de‐realization’. These concepts raise the question about the possibility of at the same time believing that something is and at the same time having a fundamentally sceptical attitude towards this given. In my article I will ask, can we integrate the idea of learning in general with the idea of strangeness to oneself as a legitimate and sensible experiential point of departure for radical learning?     

UNESCO教育理念的演进分析——基于三份关键报告的解读

以文献研究为分析方法,对联合国教育、科学及文化组织教育理念演进进行分析。主要结论如下:《学会生存》超越了学校教育重新认识教育,系统提出了终身教育思想:从内涵上看是正规教育与非正规教育等的有机统一,从目的上看是造就“完人”,从指导教育实践的路径上看是将终身教育作为改造现有教育结构和制定国家教育政策的根本引领。《教育——财富蕴藏其中》则将终身教育理念发展为终身学习理念,将教育发展的重心从侧重教育供给方转到满足教育需求方,主张教育目的是为人的发展服务,提出将“四大支柱”作为指导教育改革和发展的实践原则。《反思教育 迈向全球共同利益？》将教育的公共事业属性上升为人类集体事业属性,主张教育是事关所有人的“共同利益”,唯有利益共享、责任共担才是出路,教育目的在于立足人类可持续发展的战略高度来培养人,要将共同利益理念落实到优化教育制度、充实教育内容、优化教育治理以及发挥参与主体作用各个方面的实践中去。三大理念的内在主线是UNESCO一如既往的人文主义观,体现其一以贯之的民主理想。     

Social Control and Free Inquiry: Consequences of Foucault for the Pursuit of Knowledge in Higher Education

Key ideas in the work of Michel Foucault are explored and applied to the organized pursuit of knowledge in higher education. His association of power and knowledge accounts for deeply rooted practices in higher education that would need to be mediated or overcome for there to be a revolution in inquiry to occur, such as the one advanced by Nicholas Maxwell. Foucault’s concepts of disciplinary power and bio-power, and how they act to manage the behavior of free citizens, are described. These concepts are then applied to free inquiry, to show how the activity of individual inquirers is managed and how critical inquiry is controlled. The management of inquiry involving four norms, two of them intrinsic to inquiry and the other two extrinsic, is explained. The potential of Foucault’s concept of discursive formations is introduced as a means of reconceiving inquiry to overcome these impediments to a revolution in inquiry.     

教育研究的中国传统与特色主张

为了推动中国的教育研究走向世界,丰富和完善中国特色的教育科学,我们不仅需要以博采众长、兼容并包之态广纳世界各国优秀的教育理论与实践,而且还需要念念不忘中国教育之文化根基与人文精神,特别是要做到立足教育研究的中国立场,以深度的文化自觉促进中国意识的觉醒,彰显教育研究的中国传统。"心本体"的教育主张是中国教育学的文化魅力之所在,是中国传统教育的核心体现。首先,涵养"仁心"是中国传统"心本体"教育的中心目标,通过"情"的内在唤醒,"思"的甄别引领,"行"的沉潜往复得以培育;其次,求其"放心"是中国传统"心本体"教育的核心内容,它注重个体的心灵转向与品性浸润,强调教育是一段个体体验内在幸福的真实历程,是个体在日常生活中的点滴"修行";再次,磨练"事功"是中国传统"心本体"教育的特色方法,通过儒家"忧世"主张的磨练,唤醒个体兼济天下的志向,通过良知本体在真实生活中的"自我坎陷",来磨砺心志,塑造真善美的心灵。     

Researching nomadic education: a Nigerian perspective

The emergence of nomadic education as an important sub-system of the formal educational system in many African countries is the direct consequence of the state's commitment to equalizing educational opportunities for all social groups irrespective of ethnic or geographical origins, gender, or social class. In Nigeria, a special educational program is being implemented for two migrant groups, namely the nomadic pastoralists and the migrant fishermen. The major purposes of this chapter are to:     

14.

The condom works in all situations? Paradoxical messages in mainstream sex education in Sweden     

Eva Bolander 《Sex education》2013,13(3):289-302

The condom plays a vital part in safe sex, the ideal outcome of mainstream Swedish sex education. As researchers have pointed out, however, the condom is not a neutral object; rather, it plays a part in shaping, in different ways, both sexual practices and the idea of what sex is. This paper focuses on sex education television programmes produced in Sweden from 1998 to 2011, and particularly on the condom's role in maintaining a hierarchy of sexuality that favours heterosexuality and vaginal intercourse. The analysis shows that the condom is presented as self-evident, as always available, and as unique in the protection it provides against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Through over-simplified messages, such as ‘the condom is appropriate on all occasions’, the coital imperative is sustained and practices that do not include a penis are excluded from concepts of ‘sex’. From a safer sex perspective, this approach leaves unanswered questions about protection during other sexual practices, in particular from STIs such as herpes, for which no prevention strategies are presented. From a wider perspective, the sole focus on condoms, with its specific emphasis on the penis and penetration, runs contrary to the inclusive agenda of contemporary Swedish sex education.     

15.

Attuning to In-the-Red Frequencies with/in Readers Workshop     

Bessie P. Dernikos  Jaye Johnson Thiel  Bianca Nightengale-Lee  Kimberly Lenters  Erin Bailey 《Literacy》2023,57(2):94-105

In this article, we ‘think with’ the theoretical concepts of flow, rupture, layering, and sampling to affectively attune to ‘in-the-red frequencies’ flowing across/with-in a New York City primary classroom—that is, alternative sonic frequencies that trouble and refuse hegemonic literacy practices. These hip-hop concepts theorise affect in relation to Black intellectual frameworks for moving, feeling, and sounding. Such frameworks honour philosophical practices emerging from Black people's lived experiences—practices that, historically, have been perceptually coded out of legibility by white supremacist institutions. Ultimately, we argue that thinking with flow↔rupture↔layering↔sampling enables more equitable practices that push literacies ‘into the red,’ namely, by respecting multiple perspectives, histories, and truths; accounting for power, privilege, positioning, and complicity; and highlighting ‘otherwise’ social worlds not predicated on hegemonic whiteness, anti-blackness, and socio-political violence.     

16.

With permission: education policy,space and everyday globalisation in London’s east end     

Kalervo N. Gulson 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2007,5(2):219-237

This paper attempts to make sense of a public–private partnership in London’s East End. I am interested in how policy directions, in terms of cultural practices, may operate as links between transnational corporations and education provision, and, additionally, how concepts of space and place provide possibilities for different understandings of educational policy change in local instances. I examine the philanthropic practices of a corporation and the practices of schools receiving this philanthropy, and suggest that these are practices of ‘everyday globalisation’ occurring as part of a specific policy direction, Excellence in Cities.     

17.

‘If they can say it they can write it’: Inclusive pedagogies for senior secondary physical education     

Robyne Garrett  Alison Wrench 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2016,20(5):486-502

Pedagogical practices are fundamental to teachers' work, and in the spaces of schooling impact significantly on students' success and achievement (Evans, J. 1986. Physical Education, Sport and Schooling: Studies in the Sociology of Physical Education. London: Falmer Press.). This is especially the case for students from disadvantaged backgrounds who are deeply reliant on schooling for their educational resources. This article explores the interrelationships between pedagogical practices, the physical education curriculum at the senior secondary level and learning by both students and a teacher in a school located in an area of socio-economic disadvantage. Action research investigating a pedagogical redesign of a unit of ‘Skill Acquisition’ is the specific focus. Of key interest are pedagogical practices that incorporated opportunities to learn ‘about’ Skill Acquisition ‘through’ and ‘in’ movement. These practices attempted to develop and apply scientific literacies specific to the human movement sciences, which are important for academic success in senior secondary physical education. Findings reveal high student engagement, increasing utilisation of scientific literacies and application of new learning to life-world situations. We argue that pedagogical practices that integrate learning ‘about’ ‘through’ and ‘in’ movement disrupt default modes of teaching theoretical concepts in physical education, which diminish opportunities for academic success amongst students from low-socio-economic backgrounds.     

18.

Thinking multicultural education ‘otherwise’ – from a secularist construction towards a plurality of epistemologies and worldviews     

Saila Poulter  Anna-Leena Riitaoja  Arniika Kuusisto 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2016,14(1):68-86

This article examines educational, political and philosophical perspectives on the concepts of worldview and religion in the context of multicultural education. Using a postcolonial and post-structural approach combined with theories that analyse the politics of secularism, we attempt to pinpoint key perspectives in the recognition of worldviews in the current discourse on liberal multiculturalism. We suggest that the liberal-secular foundation of multicultural education is blind to practices, which, while supposedly based on political neutrality, are discriminating and ‘Othering’ towards religions and non-Western worldviews. Through theoretical and contextual analysis, we aim to deconstruct the ‘Otherness’ of religious worldviews at the epistemic level.     

19.

Reconsidering data in learning analytics: opportunities for critical research using a documentation studies framework     

Kyle M. L. Jones  Chase McCoy 《Learning, Media and Technology》2019,44(1):52-63

     

20.

The sociology of Pierre Bourdieu and researching education policy     

Shaun Rawolle  Bob Lingard 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(6):729-741

Bourdieu did not write anything explicitly about education policy. Despite this neglect, we agree with van Zanten that his theoretical concepts and methodological approaches can contribute to researching and understanding education policy in the context of globalisation and the economising of it. In applying Bourdieu’s theory and methodology to research in education policy, we focus on developing his work to understand what we call ‘cross‐field effects’ and for exploring the emergence of a ‘global education policy field’. These concepts are derived from some of our recent research concerning globalisation and mediatisation of education policy. The paper considers three separate issues. The first deals with Bourdieu’s primary ‘thinking tools’, namely practice, habitus, capitals and fields and their application to policy studies. The second and third sections consider two additions to Bourdieu’s thinking tools, as a way to reconceptualise the functioning of policy if considered as a social field. More specifically, the second section develops an argument around cross‐field effects, as a way to group together, research and describe policy effects. The third section develops an argument about an emergent global education policy field, and considers ways that such a field affects national education policy fields.     

The condom works in all situations? Paradoxical messages in mainstream sex education in Sweden

The condom plays a vital part in safe sex, the ideal outcome of mainstream Swedish sex education. As researchers have pointed out, however, the condom is not a neutral object; rather, it plays a part in shaping, in different ways, both sexual practices and the idea of what sex is. This paper focuses on sex education television programmes produced in Sweden from 1998 to 2011, and particularly on the condom's role in maintaining a hierarchy of sexuality that favours heterosexuality and vaginal intercourse. The analysis shows that the condom is presented as self-evident, as always available, and as unique in the protection it provides against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Through over-simplified messages, such as ‘the condom is appropriate on all occasions’, the coital imperative is sustained and practices that do not include a penis are excluded from concepts of ‘sex’. From a safer sex perspective, this approach leaves unanswered questions about protection during other sexual practices, in particular from STIs such as herpes, for which no prevention strategies are presented. From a wider perspective, the sole focus on condoms, with its specific emphasis on the penis and penetration, runs contrary to the inclusive agenda of contemporary Swedish sex education.     

Attuning to In-the-Red Frequencies with/in Readers Workshop

In this article, we ‘think with’ the theoretical concepts of flow, rupture, layering, and sampling to affectively attune to ‘in-the-red frequencies’ flowing across/with-in a New York City primary classroom—that is, alternative sonic frequencies that trouble and refuse hegemonic literacy practices. These hip-hop concepts theorise affect in relation to Black intellectual frameworks for moving, feeling, and sounding. Such frameworks honour philosophical practices emerging from Black people's lived experiences—practices that, historically, have been perceptually coded out of legibility by white supremacist institutions. Ultimately, we argue that thinking with flow↔rupture↔layering↔sampling enables more equitable practices that push literacies ‘into the red,’ namely, by respecting multiple perspectives, histories, and truths; accounting for power, privilege, positioning, and complicity; and highlighting ‘otherwise’ social worlds not predicated on hegemonic whiteness, anti-blackness, and socio-political violence.     

With permission: education policy,space and everyday globalisation in London’s east end

This paper attempts to make sense of a public–private partnership in London’s East End. I am interested in how policy directions, in terms of cultural practices, may operate as links between transnational corporations and education provision, and, additionally, how concepts of space and place provide possibilities for different understandings of educational policy change in local instances. I examine the philanthropic practices of a corporation and the practices of schools receiving this philanthropy, and suggest that these are practices of ‘everyday globalisation’ occurring as part of a specific policy direction, Excellence in Cities.     

‘If they can say it they can write it’: Inclusive pedagogies for senior secondary physical education

Pedagogical practices are fundamental to teachers' work, and in the spaces of schooling impact significantly on students' success and achievement (Evans, J. 1986. Physical Education, Sport and Schooling: Studies in the Sociology of Physical Education. London: Falmer Press.). This is especially the case for students from disadvantaged backgrounds who are deeply reliant on schooling for their educational resources. This article explores the interrelationships between pedagogical practices, the physical education curriculum at the senior secondary level and learning by both students and a teacher in a school located in an area of socio-economic disadvantage. Action research investigating a pedagogical redesign of a unit of ‘Skill Acquisition’ is the specific focus. Of key interest are pedagogical practices that incorporated opportunities to learn ‘about’ Skill Acquisition ‘through’ and ‘in’ movement. These practices attempted to develop and apply scientific literacies specific to the human movement sciences, which are important for academic success in senior secondary physical education. Findings reveal high student engagement, increasing utilisation of scientific literacies and application of new learning to life-world situations. We argue that pedagogical practices that integrate learning ‘about’ ‘through’ and ‘in’ movement disrupt default modes of teaching theoretical concepts in physical education, which diminish opportunities for academic success amongst students from low-socio-economic backgrounds.     

Thinking multicultural education ‘otherwise’ – from a secularist construction towards a plurality of epistemologies and worldviews

This article examines educational, political and philosophical perspectives on the concepts of worldview and religion in the context of multicultural education. Using a postcolonial and post-structural approach combined with theories that analyse the politics of secularism, we attempt to pinpoint key perspectives in the recognition of worldviews in the current discourse on liberal multiculturalism. We suggest that the liberal-secular foundation of multicultural education is blind to practices, which, while supposedly based on political neutrality, are discriminating and ‘Othering’ towards religions and non-Western worldviews. Through theoretical and contextual analysis, we aim to deconstruct the ‘Otherness’ of religious worldviews at the epistemic level.     

The sociology of Pierre Bourdieu and researching education policy

Bourdieu did not write anything explicitly about education policy. Despite this neglect, we agree with van Zanten that his theoretical concepts and methodological approaches can contribute to researching and understanding education policy in the context of globalisation and the economising of it. In applying Bourdieu’s theory and methodology to research in education policy, we focus on developing his work to understand what we call ‘cross‐field effects’ and for exploring the emergence of a ‘global education policy field’. These concepts are derived from some of our recent research concerning globalisation and mediatisation of education policy. The paper considers three separate issues. The first deals with Bourdieu’s primary ‘thinking tools’, namely practice, habitus, capitals and fields and their application to policy studies. The second and third sections consider two additions to Bourdieu’s thinking tools, as a way to reconceptualise the functioning of policy if considered as a social field. More specifically, the second section develops an argument around cross‐field effects, as a way to group together, research and describe policy effects. The third section develops an argument about an emergent global education policy field, and considers ways that such a field affects national education policy fields.