COUNSELLING AND TOLERANCE

The author of this essay is the Minister for Education and Human Resources of Malta. It serves as a welcoming speech for the participants in the conference. The significance of 1995 as the International Year for Tolerance is outlined. The need for tolerance in all societies is explained as is the need for education for tolerance in schools.     

论培智学校的可持续发展教育

在培智学校开展可持续发展教育,是智障儿童参与社会建设、发展与进步的有效途径,对其未来生活品质的提高、公平参与社会活动、学会生存,掌握生存技能、更好履行公民义务有着重要作用.文章从可持续发展教育的产生出发,客观分析了在培智学校开展可持续发展教育的依据与重要性,进而探讨可持续发展教育对培智学校现有教学目标、内容与方法的挑战,从而为在特殊学校开展可持续发展教育提供借鉴.     

“美国高等教育信息素养能力标准”及其启示

“信息素养”已成为教育中的一个热门话题。各个国家对此做出了积极的反应并制定了相应的标准,尤以信息技术发达的美国为代表。美国在制定中学生信息素养标准之后,续而又在2000年制定了美国高等教育信息素养能力标准。该文主要介绍“美国高等教育信息素养能力标准”并在此基础上展开了对我国目前高校计算机课程的理性思考和教学改革的建议。     

Labour market mismatch among UK graduates: An analysis using REFLEX data

There is much disagreement in the literature over the extent to which graduates are mismatched in the labour market and the reasons for this. In this paper we utilise the Flexible Professional in the Knowledge Society (REFLEX) data set to cast light on these issues, based on data for UK graduates. We find substantial pay penalties for overeducation for both sexes and for overskilling in the case of men only. When both education and skill mismatch variables are included together in the model only overskilling reduces job satisfaction consistently for both sexes. Using job attributes data it appears that the lower wages of the overqualified may in part simply represent a compensating wage differential for positive job attributes, while for men at least there are real costs to being overskilled.     

改革开放30年民族高等教育政策的演进

随着社会历史的发展,我国的民族高等教育政策不断进行着改革与调整。改革开放30以来,我国民族高等教育政策的发展可以分为三个阶段：社会历史转折期的民族高等教育政策（1978年——1984年）,全面改革时期的民族高等教育政策（1985年——1997年）,社会深刻变革时期的民族高等教育政策（1998年——2008年）。我国民族高等教育政策发展的未来走向：（一）在政策制定上,要拓宽民族高等教育资金来源的渠道。（二）在政策发展上,要开展民族高等教育的立法工作。（三）在政策落实上,要提升民族高等教育的特色课程与特色专业建设。     

教师进修学校教师培训的实践研究

培训培训是全面启动中小学教师继续教育工程并保证培训质量和效益的先决条件,也是继续教育的一个崭新课题。教师进修学校教师的培训分在培训机构集中培训和在培训任职学校培训两类。集中培训的内容为;继续教育的理论学习;继续教育课程研究;继续教育经验交流;学科前沿和综合性知识;小学教师培训的理论与实践。培训模式的特点有：具有明确的主题性;突出参训的实践性;充分发挥参训的资源。在培训试点工作的基础上制订《浙江省教师进修学校教师继续教育培训方案》;在实验研究的基础上初步形成《浙江省教师进修学校教师校本培训方案》。     

试论闲暇与闲暇教育

闲暇不是无事可做的一段时间,而是人脱离繁忙的一种悠闲、自由、内观、宁静、从容不迫的沉思状态,也是一种个人从文化环境和物质环境的外在压力下解放出来的一种相对自由而有沉思参与的活动过程;所以闲暇教育不是在人的空闲时间对人进行的教育,如假日教育,也不是为填补个人空虚、丰富个人业余生活的教育,而是以关注受繁忙捆绑的个人自由解放为旨趣,以培养能拥有和操持闲暇的个人为目标的教育。它与职业教育互补而共同构成对个人的全人教育。     

网上教研中心的功能优化与机制完善研究

网上教研作为信息时代新型的教研模式方兴未艾。中央电大目前已突破传统的集中式面对面教研局限,开展以课程为单位的网上教研活动。以中央电大开展的网上教研活动为案例,采取问卷调查与访谈法对中央电大网上教研现状进行调研与分析,对网上教研中心的功能设计和组织管理进行探索与研究,旨在为进一步完善网上教研活动,推进网上教学课程改革发挥作用。     

Writing Instruction for Adolescents with Learning Disabilities: Programs of Intervention Research

Writing performance for a large number of adolescents, with and without learning disabilities (LD), in the United States is below the level required for success in college and in the world of work. Despite the importance of writing and students' with LD documented difficulties in this academic domain, writing intervention research for adolescents with LD is not as well established as research in other domains, such as reading. Programs of research in writing interventions for adolescents with LD, nevertheless, have provided frameworks for effective instruction for these students. Adapting criteria from Graham and Perin's (2007c) Writing Next report, 40 studies across six programs of research were located for our literature review in writing instruction for adolescents with LD. Based on the findings of these studies, instruction within two levels of support for adolescents with LD are recommended.     

Against best practice: uncertainty,outliers and local studies in educational research

Situating the quest for ‘best practice’ in education in the early ambitions of the Royal Society of London and the early history of statistics, and in insights offered by John Dewey in his 1929 Gifford and Kappa Delta Pi lectures, the paper argues for greater appreciation of the uncertainties and complexities of teaching and learning and for greater modesty in researcher claims. It contends that the quest for best practices in education needs to be tempered with the notion of better over best practice by maintaining the value of, and the need for, a greater place for outliers in research.     

Interactive Teaming (book)

The constraints and complexity entailed in the provision of comprehensive special education services at a school site argue for the importance of using whole schools as a unit of analysis in special education efficacy research. The case studies summarized in this special issue represent an important step forward in understanding how schools that support positive academic outcomes for all students are configured. All studies found support for the importance of collaboration (although the forms varied by school). Other common themes were peer support, shared responsibility for student learning, administrative support for collaboration, and informal communication mechanisms that supplemented more formal contacts between general and special education. The case studies can serve as a stimulus for further debate about how to define exemplary outcomes in special education and the critical dimensions for characterizing schools' services to students with disabilities. They also provide directions for future research in understanding the processes that contribute to positive outcomes for students in special education.     

《小企业会计准则》存在的问题及商榷

为规范小企业会计确认、计量和报告,财政部2011年10月发布《小企业会计准则》,并于2013年1月1日实施,分析《小企业会计准则》执行中存在的问题,建议《小企业会计准则》应在简化的基础上尽量与《企业会计准则》相衔接,以统一我国的企业会计标准,提高会计信息的可比性。     

我国培智学校课程改革研究的现状、反思与展望

随着特殊教育的发展和课程改革的不断深入,培智学校的课程改革面临着新的挑战。本文从研究参与面与研究的质量、研究重点与特色、研究理念与培养目标、校本研究与《培智学校课程设置实验方案》研究等四个方面分析了培智学校课程改革研究的现状,并就培智课程改革研究的理性、课改管理与指导性、课改支持系统三方面的缺失进行反思和展望,为我国《培智学校课程设置实验方案》的推行和完善提供借鉴。     

对英格兰《教师专业标准》的解读及思考

本文在分析2007年9月英格兰施行的《教师专业标准》特点的基础上,以英国合格教师资格标准为例,客观地分析了我国现行教师职业标准中存在的问题,提出了建设性改进意见,以进一步完善我国的教师资格标准的制定,提高教师队伍的整体素质。     

The Impact of a Therapy Dog Program on Children’s Reading: Follow-up and Extension to ELL Students

An initiative in which therapy dogs were integrated into a school-wide reading curriculum was analyzed to determine the effect on student reading in the program’s second year. Prior research on the first year of this specific program (Kirnan et al. in Early Child Educ J 44(6):637–651) demonstrated improvement in reading scores only for kindergarten students, while interview data revealed increases in positive attitudes and enthusiasm for reading across all grades. In the current study, a series of independent t-tests were conducted for each grade, comparing the second year of the program to a control group. There was a significant difference for kindergarten in the second year, as reading scores were higher for program students compared to those in the control group. Unlike the first year of the program, in the second year there was also a significant mean difference in first grade. For both grades, an analysis of covariance controlling for reading scores prior to program implementation still resulted in a significant main effect for the reading program. Combining the first 2 years of the program yielded a large enough sample for a comparison of ELL students with non-ELL students in kindergarten. These data showed significantly higher reading scores for students enrolled in the dog program relative to the control for both ELL and non-ELL students, again accounting for earlier reading scores. These findings demonstrate the need to analyze at-risk subgroups as well as the need to apply a longitudinal lens in researching both dog-assisted literacy programs and participant progress.     

Assessment for learning in Singapore: unpacking its meanings and identifying some areas for improvement

This article examines the meanings and impact of ‘Assessment for Learning’ initiatives in schools against the back drop of assessment reform in Singapore since 1997. It is argued that Assessment for Learning’ is understood in different ways, and these different meanings do not always benefit students’ learning. The different meanings of ‘Assessment for Learning’ in Singapore are unpacked, and three areas for improvement for Assessment for Learning are suggested—clear standards for effective feedback practices, assessment for sustainable learning and assessment for integrating holistic learning.     

基于内涵发展的高职院校优势专业建设——以浙江省会计优势专业建设为例

优势专业建设的内容主要包括专业地位、课程质量、毕业生综合素质、师资水平和社会服务能力等。会计优势专业建设的路径为:深化"三双"高素质技能型会计人才培养模式改革,构建以专业为基点的会计专业校企合作有机体,推进"三结合"的会计专业师资队伍建设,强化会计专业实践育人体系建设,开展会计专业共享型资源库建设。并且,在优势专业建设过程中需要注意专业选择、目标定位、绩效考核等问题。     

戊二醛置换法对大鼠冷冻保存肾脏超微结构的影响

探讨戊二醛置换法在不同复温方法下对液氮低温保存大鼠肾脏超微结构的影响。新鲜大鼠肾脏组织液氮保存3个月后,随机分为2组采用不同的复温方法。第1组标本直接放入4%的戊二醛溶液中在4℃冰箱内固定24 h复温;第2组标本先置入-80℃冰箱复温72 h,再放入4%的戊二醛溶液中在4℃内固定24 h复温。2组标本经常规透射电镜样品制备后,电镜下对超薄切片进行观察。结果表明,第1组样品中出现肾小球和肾小管细胞核异染色质边集、部分线粒体内室肿胀;第2组肾小球和肾小管细胞超微结构保存良好。提示低温保存的大鼠肾脏标本于-80℃冰箱复温72 h后,再置入4%的戊二醛溶液中在4℃内复温24 h,可以良好地保存细胞超微结构。结果表明,采用梯度复温戊二醛固定液置换法是液氮低温冷冻固定组织标本进行超微结构观察的一种简便易行的有效复温固定方法,对临床和研究室开展电镜研究具有实际的应用价值。     

Parents’ and teachers’ attitudes,objections and expectations towards sexuality education in primary schools in Austria

The World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO EURO) and the German Federal Centre for Health Education (BZgA) published the Standards for Sexuality Education in Europe in 2010. The standards were developed to provide an overview of those sexuality education issues that should be addressed in school at various specific age levels. They were intended to guarantee that sexuality education teaching is age-appropriate and of uniformly good quality throughout Europe. In the context of the present survey, Austrian teachers and parents or guardians were asked about the importance of the topics covered by the WHO standards and about any aspects they would like to see for such sexuality education to be successful. The paper concludes that parents and teachers agree on the sexuality education topics they find important for coverage in Austrian primary schools, although teachers find sexuality education in general to be of greater importance than do parents. Teacher’ wishes for sexuality education in practice correlate highly with parents’ ideas of quality. Overall, qualifications and support for work in this field are viewed as essential, with survey respondents perceiving the need for high-quality initial training and continuing education and appropriate frameworks for implementation in school.     

高校辅导员在学生教育管理工作中应具备的“六心”

高校辅导员在学生教育管理工作中应具备“六心”：对每一位学生要有“爱心”;对学生的教导要有“恒心”;对自己要有“信心”;对任何学生事务都要“细心”;在工作产生职业倦怠期时,要及时转换心情,发挥“耐心和责任心”;对于工作要“多心”。