论伦理与道德的质向关系及意义

由一定道德规范 ,伦理制度和价值导向构成的伦理 ,是社会占主导地位的道德和社会意识形态的重要部分。它与社会道德之间存在着一种伦理的资源需求与道德的资源供给的特定关系 ,可以从“质”和“向”两个维度来把握。这种“质向关系”有多样的类型 ,如同质同向 ,异质异向 ,同向异质 ,异向同质等。认识和研究这类关系 ,不仅可以深化伦理与道德之间关系的认识 ,同时对如何全面合理地评价和利用社会道德资源 ,对加强现代伦理的建设等都有重要意义。     

走出道德教育的“人性论困局”

社会转型期,人们对人性的多元化理解,虽然有助于深化对道德教育的认识,却也使道德教育陷入了前所未有的“人性论困局”。走出道德教育的这种困局,必须基于人的自然本性和自由本性的统一,把握人性的生成特性和可变特性,并致力于这样几个方面：正视人的自然本性,唤醒道德本能;化解人性的内在紧张和冲突,保持人性的完整;发现潜意识中的“秘密”,“扩充善端”;在道德社区中帮助建构道德自我。     

传统德育“人学空场”问题的理论层面分析

传统德育存在着许多问题,最突出的是不以受教育者为主体,所传授的是剥离了人性内涵的空洞的道德规范,在实施中背离了把握人性所特有的过程与规律。这些都可以统称传统德育的“人学空场”问题。在理论层面上,造成“人学空场”的原因主要有:人与社会关系的错误理解;人与道德关系认识的倒置;把握人与把握物方式同一化。     

论道德形势和正确把握我国当前道德形势

道德形势是社会道德生存和发展状况的总体展示,是诸种道德行为和道德现象的综合化呈现,也彰显和表征着社会的人心所向和忧患所系.围绕如何认识和把握道德形势,伦理思想史上形成了道德乐观主义、道德悲观主义和道德达观主义三种观点.马克思主义是理性的道德乐观主义者和辩证的道德进步主义者.正确认识我国当前道德形势,要求我们坚持马克思主义伦理学的基本立场,运用唯物史观和辩证法加以整体把握,注意区分“主流”与“支流”,理性看待“滑坡”与“爬坡”,在看到问题和危机的同时坚定信心,并采取切实有效的措施和对策促进公民道德建设开拓新局面,进入新境界,创造新业绩,为促进中华民族的伟大复兴营造良好的道德氛围,提供动力的支撑和价值的引导.     

构建社会主义和谐社会的价值辩护

和谐社会的本质是道德化的社会。在构建和谐社会过程中,道德始终起着重要的作用：道德为公平的社会及制度设计提供道德价值依据及道德支持;道德调节方式是政治法律制度等调节方式所不能替代的,道德调节能够从心理、思想上解决和谐社会的矛盾冲突,实现社会的和谐;道德对个体品质和德性的塑造是实现人的全面发展这一和谐社会核心价值观的必然途径,同时道德还为经济发展提供合理的价值导向和精神动力。     

道德信仰的哲学意蕴

道德信仰是人们基于道德之于人的生存发展的价值,以及对道德理想与道德现实的张力的认识而产生的对道德规范、道德人格的笃信与崇敬,并以此设定人生目标、付诸道德行动的强烈情感．该文试图从人的存在的角度提出道德信仰的哲学意蕴,通过人性论、认识论、价值论三个基本方面,从“人对善的追求”、“人的道德生活与社会的伦理秩序”、“人对道德理想人格的设定”三个核心概念,阐述道德信仰之于人类生活的内在性。     

“道德”是道德教育有效性的依据

教育者对于“道德”特征的认识和把握,潜在地决定了学校道德教育特殊的性质以及活动的效果。道德的产生和发展在于满足人的生存、生活需要,因此,不能离开人的生存、生活和发展来进行道德教育。道德是指“不是不道德”,它区别于无休止的“更道德”,这是判断学校道德教育是否有效的标准。道德出于人的自觉、自愿,作为外部环境刺激的奖励并不能培养道德,道德教育要慎用奖励。     

道德回报制度的合理性和有效设计原则

道德对社会是有益的,但如何增加道德是一个问题。文章探讨"知识性"道德的缺陷和价值型道德的优势,以价值型道德为基础更新道德内涵,完成对道德回报的再认识。在论述道德回报合理性的基础上,以六条原则为道德回报制度设立有效的具体规范。通过这样的步骤,完成了对于道德回报机制的完整设计,借助道德回报制度来增加整个社会的道德水平。     

当前制度伦理建设的理性思考

在市场经济条件下,传统的道德仅仅依靠人的内心信念已很难维持,因为个体道德理性和道德意志是有限的,目前依靠人的自觉去实现道德是不现实的,人类历史的灾难已说明了问题。我们要避免人的主体性对道德的伤害,就必须把伦理落实在制度上,而不是落实在人的主体性上,要用制度来承诺道德,通过制度伦理的建设来约束、引导人们自觉的道德行为,建立良好的社会道德秩序,使之有利于培养和提高人的素质,更有利于人的个性的自由全面的发展。一社会秩序的重建有赖于制度伦理的建设1.社会秩序有赖于伦理道德的支持社会市场经济秩序的建立,需要道德对其正当性和合理性说明,即提供所谓伦理上的辩护和支持。尼尔&;#183;麦考密克指出:“制度道德有两个范畴:一方面,它必须尽可能地适应所设想的文明社会的实际的法律制度和政治制度。另一方面,就符合这一关于‘适应’的要求而言,它应当尽可能紧密地接近我们的‘背景’政治道德的理想。”[1](210页)制度伦理的这两个方面,表明它既不能等同于又不能脱离现实的政治、法律制度,并要使这些制度指向特定的道德理想。基于这样的认识,他认为制度伦理“包括一组旨在使我们现有的政治制度具有最大限度的道德意义的原则”[1](226页)。这就是说制度伦理...     

传统德育"人学空场"问题的理论层面分析

传统德育存在着许多问题，最突出的是不以受教育为主体，所传授的是剥离了人性内涵的空洞的道德规范，在实施中背离了把握人性所特有的过程与规律。这些都可以统称传统德育的“人学空场”问题。在理论层面上，造成“人学空场”的原因主要有：人与社会关系的错误理解；人与道德关系认识的倒置；把握人与把握物方式同一化。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…